New imaging techniques and trends in radiology.

Radiography is a field of medicine inherently intertwined with technology. The dependency on technology is very high for obtaining images in ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although the reduction in radiation dose is not applicable in US and MRI, advancements in technology have made it possible in CT, with ongoing studies aimed at further optimization.

Normal tissue complication probability model for severe radiation-induced lymphopenia in patients with pancreatic cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Background And Purpose: Radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) may be associated with a worse prognosis in pancreatic cancer. This study aimed to develop a normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) model to predict severe RIL in patients with pancreatic cancer undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Materials And Methods: We reviewed pancreatic cancer patients treated at our facility for model training and internal validation.

Current source density and functional connectivity extracted from resting-state electroencephalography as biomarkers for chronic low back pain.

Introduction: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a global health issue, and its nonspecific causes make treatment challenging. Understanding the neural mechanisms of CLBP should contribute to developing effective therapies.

Objectives: To compare current source density (CSD) and functional connectivity (FC) extracted from resting electroencephalography (EEG) between patients with CLBP and healthy controls and to examine the correlations between EEG indices and symptoms.

An Underappreciated Etiology of Groin Mass: Great Saphenous Vein Aneurysm.

Inguinal masses have a large variety of causes, ranging from inguinal hernias to soft tissue sarcomas. One of the less prevalent causes is vascular origin. Venous aneurysms, unlike their arterial counterparts, are seen seldomly and experience in management of these cases is scarce.

Outcome of Mechanical Thrombectomy in Patients Older Than 85 Years: A Single Center Experience.

Objectives: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) has revolutionized the treatment of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Still, the efficacy and safety in patients older than 85 years of age are not conclusive by the present randomized controlled trials' data (RCT). Aging is a multifactorial process and the impact of MT on this specific population needs to be further analyzed.

Evaluation of Quality of Life and Psychosocial Status in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Objectives: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in children is a chronic condition that affects the psychosocial status and physical activities of children and their parents. This study aimed to investigate the impact of IBD on the quality of life of adolescents and their families and the variability of behavioral and emotional adjustment issues compared to a healthy control group.

Methods: This study was designed as a prospective controlled study.

Effect of Radiotherapy on the Type and Timing of Breast Reconstruction After Mastectomy in Breast Cancer Patients.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer type among women according to the World Health Organization data. While breast-conserving surgery has been increasingly performed in patients with early-stage breast cancer, unilateral or bilateral mastectomy is still performed in many patients. With the changes in mastectomy techniques and the development of breast reconstruction techniques over the years, today the aim of breast reconstruction is to create breast tissue in a shape and symmetry that will correct the anatomical defect that occurs after mastectomy, without affecting the patient's oncological treatment.

Endovascular Treatment in Symptomatic Intracranial Artery Stenosis: Experience from Two Centers.

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of endovascular treatment and clinical outcomes in individuals with symptomatic intracranial stenosis who had not responded adequately to medical intervention.

Methods: The study included 32 patients who received endovascular treatment due to high-grade (70%-99% severity) intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis from December 2021 to December 2023. The patients had not experienced any acute ischemic or hemorrhagic infarction within the last three weeks, had a Modified Rankin Scale score of ≤3 at baseline, and developed a transient ischemic attack or non-disabling stroke despite having received the best medical treatment.

Cervical Retrieval of Giant Posterior Mediastinal Parathyroid Adenoma with Bizarre Morphology.

Parathyroid adenoma is the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism and rarely reaches huge sizes. As the gland enlarges it may exhibit atypical morphology and extension to the mediastinum which may complicate the excision of the tumor while preserving the capsular integrity. We present a 35-year-old male patient who was referred to our department with a complaint of severe hypercalcemia.

The Supracerebellar Suprapineal Approach: A Novel Method to Separate Cadaveric Brain Hemispheres and Preserve the Midline Structures.

Objectives: To describe a novel technique for dissecting cadaver brains without damaging medial brain structures and surfaces, ensuring preservation for neuroanatomical study and training.

Methods: Ten adult cadaveric brains were dissected using the supracerebellar suprapineal approach under an operative microscope with 6x to 40x magnification. This approach allowed for the separation of the brain into two hemispheres while providing direct visualization of the third ventricle and preserving midline structures.

Comparison of search and rescue operations involving emergency physicians in devastating earthquakes in Turkey: a 24-year experience study.

Background: In the 21st century, disasters (particularly earthquakes, which remain the leading cause of death) continue to be among the foremost issues requiring global emergency response. While the impact of advancing technologies on the environmental and human damage caused by earthquakes is still a subject of debate, search and rescue (SAR) teams and emergency departments (ED), specifically emergency physicians (EPs), play a crucial role in the most acute management of the effects of these earthquakes on human life. This study aims to examine the injury dynamics of two catastrophic earthquakes that occurred in Turkey 24 years apart from the perspective of EPs, utilizing archival records from the SAR teams in which EPs served.

Re-evaluating prognostic factors for cervical cancer with lymph node metastasis: a Japanese multicenter cohort study based on FIGO 2018.

Background: In 2018, the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) revised its cervical cancer staging system to enhance clinical relevance, notably by categorizing lymph node metastases (LNM) as an independent stage IIIC. This multicenter study evaluates the prognostic implications of the FIGO 2018 classification within a Japanese cohort.

Methods: This study included 1468 patients with cervical cancer.

The impact of the COVID-19 on the antifungal consumption and antifungal resistance in Candida species isolated from the blood cultures of critically ill patients in intensive care units.

Incidence of Candida species increased in critically ill COVID-19 patients in intensive care units. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on antifungal consumption and Candida species distribution in bloodstream infections. We observed that a significant increase in non-albicansCandida species cases (P = .

Dyspnea with Hemidiaphragm Elevation in a Patient with Giant Cell Arteritis: A Case Report.

We herein report the first case of dyspnea with hemidiaphragm elevation in a 68-year-old woman with active giant cell arteritis (GCA), including successful treatment. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed a reduced density of the left ophthalmic artery and the left superficial temporal artery with increased soft tissue compared to the other side, indicating that the GCA had flared up and suggesting that the hemidiaphragm elevation might be caused by vasculitis-associated ischemia of the right phrenic nerve. Hemidiaphragm paralysis due to vasculitis-associated ischemia in patients with GCA needs to be distinguished from local infection, tumors, and hepatomegaly, which are the major causes of hemidiaphragm elevation.

A Case of Severe Hypocalcemia During JAK1/2 Inhibitor Therapy for Myelofibrosis in a Patient with Liver Cirrhosis.

We herein report a 56-year-old man with severe hypocalcemia during ruxolitinib therapy for myelofibrosis transitioning from JAK2 mutation-positive polycythemia vera. Blood transfusions were administered every one to two weeks for ruxolitinib-induced anemia. Blood tests revealed hypocalcemia with low TRACP-5b, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25 (OH) D), and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25 (OH) D) levels within the lower reference range.

The impact of neoadjuvant therapy in patients with left-sided resectable pancreatic cancer: an international multicenter study.

Purpose: To assess the association between neoadjuvant therapy and overall survival (OS) in patients with left-sided resectable pancreatic cancer (RPC) compared to upfront surgery.

Background: Left-sided pancreatic cancer is associated with worse OS compared to right-sided pancreatic cancer. Although neoadjuvant therapy is currently seen as not effective in patients with RPC, current randomized trials included mostly patients with right-sided RPC.

Cerebral blood flow differences in cognitive disengagement syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Doppler ultrasonography findings.

Objective: The present study aims to investigate potential differences in cerebral blood flow between children with Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS) and those with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) using Doppler ultrasound.

Methods: In this single-center prospective study, we included 24 cases in the ADHD group with CDS symptoms, 29 cases in the ADHD group without CDS symptoms and, 26 children in the healthy controls. The children ranged in age from 6 to 15.

Gallic acid showed neuroprotection against endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats.

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the role of gallic acid treatment on spinal cord tissues after spinal cord injury (SCI) and its relationship with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress by histochemical, immunohistochemical, and in-silico techniques.

Methods: Thirty female Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups: sham, SCI, and SCI+gallic acid. SCI was induced by dropping a 15-g weight onto the exposed T10-T11 spinal cord segment.

Intensity-modulated radiation therapy can reduce acute toxicities in long-course neoadjuvant radiation therapy combined with S-1 for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare outcomes and adverse events between three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in patients undergoing long-course neoadjuvant radiation therapy (NA-RT) for locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma (LARC).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a total of 47 consecutive patients who received NA-RT for LARC between January 2011 and September 2022. Seven and 40 patients were diagnosed with clinical stages II and III, respectively.

The role of multi-modality imaging for the assessment of left atrium and left atrial appendage. A clinical consensus statement of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI), European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA) of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC).

Structural, architectural, contractile or electrophysiological alterations may occur in the left atrium (LA). The concept of LA cardiopathy is supported by accumulating scientific evidence demonstrating that LA remodeling has become a cornerstone diagnostic and prognostic marker. The structure and the function of LA and left atrial appendage (LAA) which is an integral part of the LA, are key elements for a better understanding of multiple clinical conditions, most notably atrial fibrillation (AF), cardioembolism, heart failure and mitral valve diseases.

A scoring system to predict resistance to ceftolozane/tazobactam in respiratory isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Objectives: To develop a scoring system to predict resistance to ceftolozane/tazobactam in Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from respiratory specimens.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted to evaluate the risk factors associated with resistance to ceftolozane/tazobactam. Patients with P.

variant may affect the response to type 2 biologics in patients with severe asthma.

Background: Asthma is a heterogeneous disease with variable response to treatment. Genetic backgrounds are involved in the severity of type 2 asthma, but their effects on responses to biologics remain unknown. This study aimed to clarify the role of genetic factors in response to biologics in patients with severe asthma.