Pediatric Urinary Stone Disease: A 10-Year Single-Center Experience from Türkiye.

Objective: Urinary stone disease (USD) is characterized by stone formation in the urinary system with an approximate prevalence of 5%-10% in children. In thisr study, the authors investigated the metabolic abnormalities that play a role in stone formation in pediatric patients with USD admitted to the authors' pediatric nephrology clinic during the last 10 years, the demographic characteristics of the patients, and the presenting symptoms. Materials and Methods: A total of 325 pediatric patients, 166 boys (51.

The Impact of Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault on Family Dynamics and Child Development: A Comprehensive Review.

This review synthesizes current research on domestic violence and sexual assault, focusing on their short-term and long-term effects on family dynamics, particularly on the development and well-being of children and adolescents. The article employs a curated body of literature, including surveys, reviews, program evaluations, and international health reports, to elucidate the direct and collateral damage caused by such trauma within families. The review critically examines the intersecting consequences of abuse, including immediate psychological distress and long-term socio-economic and educational disruptions for affected youths.

Expanding the genotypic spectrum of 3β-hydroxy-δ5-C27-steroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B7) deficiency: novel mutations and clinical outcomes.

Objectives: HSD3B7 deficiency is a genetic disorder caused by mutations in the gene, leading to impaired bile acid synthesis and the accumulation of toxic intermediates. Affected patients typically present with cholestatic liver disease, including jaundice and progressive liver dysfunction.

Case Presentation: This case series describes three pediatric patients from two families diagnosed with HSD3B7 deficiency, each demonstrating varying clinical severity and outcomes.

Pyoderma Gangrenosum With Severe Ankle Ankylosis Complicated by Rheumatoid Arthritis Successfully Treated Using Anti-tumor Necrosis Factor: A Case Report.

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare dermatosis characterised by necrotic ulcers with a predilection mainly for the lower legs. We report a case of a 67-year-old man with PG and severe ankle ankylosis complicated by rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treated with anti-tumor necrosis factor, adalimumab (ADA). He was referred to our hospital because his right ankle showed severe ulcers and blackening.

Atypical Adult-Onset IgA Vasculitis With Extremely Rare Complications Including Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage, Heart Failure, and Stroke.

IgA vasculitis (IgAV) generally occurs in young people and presents with a tetrad of symptoms: purpura, abdominal pain, arthralgia, and nephritis. However, it may have an atypical course without the typical tetrad. Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH), heart failure, and stroke are known complications of IgAV but are all very rare.

Creation of a Tibia Extension Model With a Perforated Ilizarov Ring System: An Experimental Study in Rats.

Distraction osteogenesis is a valuable clinical technique used to address length discrepancies in long bone deformities. This procedure involves performing an osteotomy at an appropriate site in the bone and correcting the deformity through an extension system. This research aims to investigate the efficacy of a newly developed device for use in rat tibias and to provide an alternative to existing devices used in animal experiments.

The potential of serum elabela levels as a marker of diabetic retinopathy: results from a pilot cross-sectional study.

Background: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between elabela (ELA), a recently identified peptide also known as Toddler and Apela, and diabetic retinopathy (DR). ELA, produced in various tissues, acts as a natural ligand for the apelin receptor (APJ). Upon reviewing the existing literature, only one study was found investigating ELA, one of the APJ ligands, in the pathogenesis of DR.

Clinical Importance of Protein Intake in Hospitalized Elderly Patients With Heart Failure.

Background: The relationship between protein intake and the long-term prognosis of elderly patients with heart failure remains poorly understood. We investigated the association between predischarge protein intake and long-term prognosis in hospitalized elderly patients with heart failure.

Methods And Results: A single-center, retrospective analysis of hospitalized patients aged ≥65 years with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction was conducted.

Reassessing very long chain fatty acids elevations: Sitosterolemia as a non-peroxisomal cause.

Very-long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) are commonly used to diagnose peroxisomal disorders, but elevated levels may also result from other non-peroxisomal causes, leading to diagnostic challenges. We report the case of a 2-year-old girl presenting with growth retardation and diarrhea, with laboratory investigations revealing elevated VLCFA levels suggestive of a peroxisomal disorder. Despite initial suspicion, genetic panels for peroxisomal and dyslipidemia-associated genes were negative.

Comparison of Stump Closure Methods in Laparoscopic Appendectomy: Hem-o-Lok Clip and Laparoscopic Titanium Clip.

Background: Appendectomy for acute appendicitis is the most common acute abdominal surgery. Open and laparoscopic appendectomy surgeries are performed with different techniques. Laparoscopic appendectomy has become a widespread method due to its advantages.

Disease activity and glucocorticoid tapering patterns in Japanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with anifrolumab: post hoc analysis of the Japanese subpopulation of the TULIP-2 study.

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of anifrolumab on disease activity and glucocorticoid tapering patterns in Japanese patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: We analysed disease activity and glucocorticoid tapering in the Japanese subpopulation (anifrolumab, n = 24; placebo, n = 19) of the TULIP-2 trial, which showed the efficacy and safety of anifrolumab in patients with moderate-to-severe active SLE.

Results: The percentage of patients who achieved a British Isles Lupus Assessment Group-based Composite Lupus Assessment response at Week 52 was greater in the anifrolumab group than placebo [50.

Overweight, obesity, and cardiovascular disease in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: the EAS FH Studies Collaboration registry.

Background And Aims: Overweight and obesity are modifiable risk factors for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in the general population, but their prevalence in individuals with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and whether they confer additional risk of ASCVD independent of LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) remains unclear.

Methods: Cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 35 540 patients with HeFH across 50 countries, in the EAS FH Studies Collaboration registry. Prevalence of World Health Organization-defined body mass index categories was investigated in adults (n = 29 265) and children/adolescents (n = 6275); and their association with prevalent ASCVD.

Protective Effects of Rosmarinic Acid and Epigallocatechin Gallate Against Doxorubicin-Induced Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity in CHO-K1 Cells.

Objectives: The chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) affects not only cancer cells but also healthy cells in an undesirable manner. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective roles of rosmarinic acid (RA) and Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) alone and in combination against DOX-induced oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, and genotoxicity in healthy cells. In addition, this study evaluated the expression of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) protein in the Chinese hamster ovary cell line (CHO-K1).

Initial Empirical Antibiotic Treatment in Patients with COVID-19 is Associated with Excess Adverse Drug Reactions without Clinical Benefit.

Objectives: Empirical antibiotic use is common among hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia because it is difficult to differentiate it from concurrent bacterial pneumonia. The aim of this study was to determine risk factors for concurrent bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (b-CAP) and the need for initial empirical antibiotic coverage in patients with pulmonary involvement caused by Severe acute respiratory syndrome-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Materials And Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted at a tertiary university hospital between March 2020 and April 2021.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Insertion/Deletion Gene Polymorphism in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.

Objective: Inflammatory processes play a role in the etiopathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis. Many gene polymorphisms have been associated with inflammation. In this study, we aimed to examine the relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism and chronic rhinosinusitis.

Durvalumab with or without bevacizumab with transarterial chemoembolisation in hepatocellular carcinoma (EMERALD-1): a multiregional, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study.

Background: Transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) is standard of care for patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma that is amenable to embolisation; however, median progression-free survival is still approximately 7 months. We aimed to assess whether adding durvalumab, with or without bevacizumab, might improve progression-free survival.

Methods: In this multiregional, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 study (EMERALD-1), adults aged 18 years or older with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma amenable to embolisation, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1 at enrolment, and at least one measurable intrahepatic lesion per modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours (RECIST) were enrolled at 157 medical sites including research centres and general and specialist hospitals in 18 countries.

Development of a Prognostic Nomogram for Overall Survival in Gastric Cancer Patients Who Underwent Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify prognostic factors influencing overall survival (OS) in patients with gastric cancer treated with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and to develop a predictive model.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 245 non-metastatic gastric cancer patients who received adjuvant CRT or radiotherapy from 2010 to 2020. Survival analyses were performed using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Effectiveness for remission maintenance rate and safety of different rituximab regimens for treating anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis in Japan: a J-CANVAS study.

Rituximab (RTX) has been reported to effectively maintain remission in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV). In this multicenter study involving 57 patients who achieved remission after 24 weeks, we evaluated the effectiveness of RTX in maintaining remission in patients with AAV. Patients were divided into three groups based on RTX administration: continuous, induction phase-only, and maintenance phase-only groups.