Patterns and determinants of serum amylase, lipase concentrations in Indian adolescents and youth with type 1 diabetes.

Objectives: Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency has been demonstrated in type 1 diabetes (T1D); lower concentrations of pancreatic enzymes have been associated with metabolic risk (MR). Influence of puberty and MR factors on serum concentrations of amylase and lipase remain unexplored in Indian youth with T1D. 1) To characterize and predict determinants of serum amylase and lipase concentrations in adolescents/youth with T1D.

3D deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) of the human liver at 7 T using low-rank and subspace model-based reconstruction.

Purpose: To implement a low-rank and subspace model-based reconstruction for 3D deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) and compare its performance against Fourier transform-based (FFT) reconstruction in terms of spectral fitting reliability.

Methods: Both reconstruction methods were applied on simulated and experimental DMI data. Numerical simulations were performed to evaluate the effect of increasing acceleration factors.

Resilience in local Finnish health systems: how are leaders' approaches to change manifested in organisational crisis responses?

Purpose: Local health systems form the basis for health system resilience. Leaders' standpoints are crucial in advancing resilience capacities and change. This study analysed how local health system leaders' approaches to change reflect health system resilience capacities.

What Dyadic Internet Street Fight Videos Can and Cannot Tell Us About the Ethological, Game Theoretic, and Sex-Differentiated Phenomenology of Human Physical Aggression.

Street fight videos on the internet may provide information about little known aspects of human physical aggression, but their reliability is unclear. Analyses of 100 dyadic fight videos addressing ethological, game theoretic and sex-differentiated questions derived from research on other animals found that prefight verbalizations or gestural signals of nonaggressive or aggressive intent loosely predicted who would strike first and who would win. The head is the preferred strike target.

[A Case of Mycoplasma genitalium Urethritis Refractory to Treatment].

A 28-year-old man was diagnosed with chlamydial urethritis by his previous doctor and was prescribed minocycline (MINO). The result of a urinary chlamydia polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test later confirmed to be negative. However, the patient visited our hospital because of persistent miction pain.

Developing a Structurally Modified Mechanical Lumped Model of the Human Tibia and Shin Guard Using Modal Analysis.

Shins are one of the most vulnerable bones in human body. Shin guards are evaluated by their effectiveness in reducing the force applied to the bone. In this study, a structural modified mechanical lumped model of the shin guard was developed to provide maximum force distribution using physical parameter change modification technique and genetic algorithm.

Experimental Assessment of Traction Force and Associated Fetal Brain Deformation in Vacuum-Assisted Delivery.

Vacuum-assisted delivery (VAD) uses a vacuum cup on the fetal scalp to apply traction during uterine contractions, assisting complicated vaginal deliveries. Despite its widespread use, VAD presents a higher risk of neonatal morbidity compared to natural vaginal delivery and biomechanical evidence for safe VAD traction forces is still limited. The aim of this study is to develop and assess the feasibility of an experimental VAD testing setup, and investigate the impact of traction forces on fetal brain deformation.

Genetic parameters and correlations between growth traits and packed cell volume of N'Dama cattle in the Gambia.

The evolution of body weight under the natural trypanosome challenge and its association with disease tolerance to trypanosomosis is of utmost economic importance in cattle. This study estimated heritability for growth traits and packed cell volume (PCV) and their genetic correlations in the N'Dama cattle in the Gambia. A total of 2,488, 2,442, 1,471, 1,934, and 1,452 bodyweight records at 12 months (WT12), 16 months (WT16), 18 months (WT18), 24 months (WT24), 36 months (WT36) and 50 months (WT50) and 1,782, 1,800, 1,844, 1,608, and 1,459 records for PCV at 12 months (PCV12) 18 months (PCV18), 24 months (PCV24), 36 months (PCV36), and 50 months (PCV50), respectively, were analysed.

Copper Intake and Mortality Among Asthmatic Adults: A Cohort Study.

Previous studies have proved trace mineral disorders to be related to changes in oxidative stress, inflammatory state, and immune response in asthmatics. However, there is a scarcity of studies that examine the correlation between copper intake with mortality in asthmatic people. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of copper intake on the asthmatic population's mortality.

Metabolic syndrome prediction based on body composition indices.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is an important public health issue that has been lately linked as a growing concern worldwide.

The Objective: To find out which anthropometric and body composition indices can prognosticate MetS in Jordanian adult females.

Methods: A sample of 656 Jordanian adult females was recruited (January-March 2024) in the middle of Jordan.

Risk factors for postoperative recurrence after full-endoscopic microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia: a retrospective study and predictive nomogram.

Background: Full-endoscopic microvascular decompression (fE-MVD) is an emerging treatment option for trigeminal neuralgia (TN). However, the risk factors associated with postoperative recurrence of TN after fE-MVD procedure remain controversial. The aim of the present study was to summarize the surgical technique of fE-MVD for the treatment of TN and to develop a predictive model for recurrence at 1 year postoperatively based on independent risk factors.

A retrospective, multicentric, nationwide analysis of the impact of splenectomy on survival of pancreatic cancer patients.

Objective: Splenectomy is regularly performed in total and distal pancreatectomy due to technical reasons, lymph node dissection and radicality of the operation. However, the spleen serves as an important organ for competent immune function, and its removal is associated with an increased incidence of cancer and a worse outcome in some cancer entities (Haematologica 99:392-398, 2014; Dis Colon Rectum 51:213-217, 2008; Dis Esophagus 21:334-339, 2008). The impact of splenectomy in pancreatic cancer is not fully resolved (J Am Coll Surg 188:516-521, 1999; J Surg Oncol 119:784-793, 2019).

A detailed inquiry of the differences between headphones and loudspeakers influences on dynamic postural task performance.

We examined the impact of auditory stimuli and their methods on a dynamic balance task performance. Twenty-four young adults wore an HTC Vive headset and dodged a virtual ball to the right or left based on its color (blue to the left, red to the right, and vice versa). We manipulated the environment by introducing congruent (auditory stimuli from the correct direction) or incongruent (auditory stimuli played randomly from either side) and comparing a multimodal (visual and congruent auditory stimuli) to unimodal (visual or auditory stimuli) presentation.

Gasterophilus in horses from Romania: diversity, prevalence, seasonal dynamics, and distribution.

This is the first study that targets the epidemiology of Gasterophilus spp. in slaughtered horses from Romania. Previously to our research, there were five recorded species: Gasterophilus haemorrhoidalis, Gasterophilus inermis, Gasterophilus intestinalis, Gasterophilus nasalis, and Gasterophilus pecorum with a dispersed distribution throughout the country, the data being recorded more than 73 years ago.

Trends in tuberculosis and inequality-adjusted Human Development Index in Brazil, 2018-2022.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, causing 1.5 million deaths annually. We conducted an ecological analysis to examine TB prevalence in Brazil from 2018 to 2022, focusing on its relationship with the Human Development Index (HDI) and its inequality-adjusted version HDI (IHDI).

Multi-locus investigation of Anopheles-mediated selective pressure on Plasmodium falciparum in Africa.

Background: The high burden of malaria in Africa is largely due to the presence of competent and adapted Anopheles vector species. With invasive Anopheles stephensi implicated in malaria outbreaks in Africa, understanding the genomic basis of vector-parasite compatibility is essential for assessing the risk of future outbreaks due to this mosquito. Vector compatibility with P.

The differential outcomes procedure for improving the recognition of dynamic facial expressions of emotion in people with autism spectrum disorders and first-degree relatives.

Previous research highlights impairments in the recognition of facial expression of emotion in individuals diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Relatives of people with ASD may exhibit similar, albeit subtler, impairments, referred to as the Broad Autism Phenotype (BAP). Recently, the Differential outcomes procedure (DOP) has been shown to enhance this ability in young adults using dynamic stimuli, with fewer intensity levels required to identify fear and surprise.

The potential impact of inflammation on the lipid paradox in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a multicenter study.

Background: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is a well-recognized risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. However, several clinical studies demonstrated an inverse association between LDL-C and mortality risk in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), known as the lipid paradox. This study aims to investigate the potential impact of inflammation on the association between LDL-C levels and mortality risks.

Hyperreflective material evolution patterns during long term anti-VEGF therapy in neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

This retrospective, real-life cohort was analyzed to detect the frequency of different HRM evolution patterns and their correlation with MNV types, morphological and functional changes in exudative nAMD under long-term anti-VEGF therapy. We evaluated optical coherence tomography (OCT) volume scans in 143 eyes of 94 nAMD patients (start of anti-VEGF therapy 2009-2018, therapy until the last visit) and recorded the VA at all visits. HRM evolution patterns were differentiated: pattern 1 = no HRM, pattern 2 = subretinal HRM resolved during follow-up, pattern 3 = persistent subretinal HRM with new HRM-boundary remodeling [BR], pattern 4 = persistent subretinal HRM without HRM-BR.

Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 prevents esophageal squamous cell carcinoma from reactive carbonyl species-induced cell death and promotes its progression.

Introduction: Chronic alcohol consumption and tobacco usage are major risk factors for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Excessive tobacco and alcohol consumption lead to oxidative stress and the generation of reactive carbonyl species (RCS) which induce DNA damage and cell apoptosis. This phenomenon contributes to cell damage and carcinogenesis in various organs including ESCC.

Effectiveness of traditional non-carbapenem β-lactams vs. novel β-lactams for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) has identified carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) as one of the three critical priority pathogens. There is scarce literature evaluating the treatment outcomes in patients with CRPA infections treated with traditional non-carbapenem β-lactam (NCBL) agents. Thus, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of traditional NCBL compared to novel β-lactam agents (NVL) for treating non-carbapenem β-lactam -susceptible CRPA.

Pre-diagnosis and pre-treatment loss to follow-up and associated factors among patients with presumed tuberculosis and those diagnosed in Uganda.

Background: Loss to follow-up (LTFU) of patients with presumed tuberculosis (TB) before completing the diagnostic process (pre-diagnosis LTFU) and before initiating treatment for those diagnosed (pre-treatment LTFU) is a challenge in the realization of the End TB Strategy. We assessed the proportion of pre-diagnosis and pre-treatment LTFU and associated factors among patients with presumed TB and those diagnosed in the selected health facilities.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study involving a review of routinely collected data from presumptive, laboratory and TB treatment registers from January 2019 to December 2022.