Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and short-term mortality in patients having anti-MDA5-positive dermatomyositis with interstitial lung disease: a retrospective study.

Background: In this study, we aimed to explore the association between baseline and early changes in the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the 30-day mortality rate in patients having anti-melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5)-positive dermatomyositis with interstitial lung disease (DM-ILD).

Methods: Overall, 263 patients with anti-MDA5 DM-ILD from four centers in China were analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the impact of baseline NLR on the 30-day mortality rate in patients with anti-MDA5-positive DM-ILD.

Optimizing skull base defect repair: leveraging the reused nasoseptal flap as a reliable material.

Purpose: The escalating number of endoscopic skull base procedures necessitates exploring additional materials to reduce postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks in revision or staged surgeries. This study evaluates the effectiveness of reused nasoseptal flaps (NSFs) in such clinical scenarios.

Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on patients who previously underwent surgery involving NSFs and later had revision or secondary skull base surgeries via endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEAs) at a tertiary medical center.

Mitochondrial Dysfunction in HFpEF: Potential Interventions Through Exercise.

HFpEF is a prevalent and complex type of heart failure. The concurrent presence of conditions such as obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and hyperlipidemia significantly increase the risk of developing HFpEF. Mitochondria, often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell, are crucial in maintaining cellular functions, including ATP production, intracellular Ca regulation, reactive oxygen species generation and clearance, and the regulation of apoptosis.

Osilodrostat improves blood pressure and glycemic control in patients with Cushing's disease: a pooled analysis of LINC 3 and LINC 4 studies.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of osilodrostat and hypercortisolism control on blood pressure (BP) and glycemic control in patients with Cushing's disease.

Methods: Pooled analysis of two Phase III osilodrostat studies (LINC 3 and LINC 4), both comprising a 48-week core phase and an optional open-label extension. Changes from baseline in systolic and diastolic BP (SBP and DBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA) were evaluated during osilodrostat treatment in patients with/without hypertension or diabetes at baseline.

Comparison of the diagnostic performance of non-contrast MR angiography and planar V/Q scintigraphy for pulmonary embolism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: To conduct a meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of non-contrast magnetic resonance pulmonary angiography (NC-MRPA) and ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scintigraphy for the detection of acute pulmonary embolism (PE).

Materials And Methods: Systematic searches of electronic databases were conducted from 2000 to 2024. Primary outcomes were per-patient sensitivity and specificity of NC-MRPA and V/Q scintigraphy.

Adolescent mice exposed to TBI developed PD-like pathology in middle age.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is identified as a risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), which is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN). However, the precise mechanism by which chronic TBI initiates PD pathogenesis is not yet fully understood. In our present study, we assessed the chronic progression and pathogenesis of PD-like behavior at different intervals in TBI mice.

Anthracyclines disaggregate and restore mutant p63 function: a potential therapeutic approach for AEC syndrome.

Ankyloblepharon-Ectodermal Defects-Cleft Lip/Palate (AEC) syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the TP63 gene, which encodes a transcription factor essential for epidermal gene expression. A key feature of AEC syndrome is chronic skin erosion, for which no effective treatment currently exists. Our previous studies demonstrated that mutations associated with AEC syndrome lead to p63 protein misfolding and aggregation, exerting a dominant-negative effect.

[Gastric adenocarcinoma complicated by subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral infarction: a rare case of Trousseau syndrome and literature review].

Trousseau's syndrome is a thromboembolic disorder associated with malignancies, with cerebral infarction and hemorrhage representing common central nervous system complications in patients with cancer. This report details the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with gastric adenocarcinoma at our institution who concurrently developed cerebral infarction and subarachnoid hemorrhage. We performed a comprehensive literature review in the Wanfang and PubMed databases, searching for relevant studies on Trousseau's syndrome, cerebral embolism, and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

[Expert consensus on visualized tele-round and quality control management based on the improvement of clinical practice ability].

Turning to critical illness is a common stage of various diseases and injuries before death. Patients usually have complex health conditions, while the treatment process involves a wide range of content, along with high requirements for doctor's professionalism and multi-specialty teamwork, as well as a great demand for time-sensitive treatments. However, this is not matched with critical care professionals and the current state of medical care in China.

Exploratory study of patients' and carers' preferences for postdischarge surgical wound monitoring using survey and interviews.

Objectives: To explore patients' and carers' preferences for postdischarge surgical wound monitoring.

Design: Explanatory mixed methods study with an online survey followed by online interviews.

Setting: The online survey was distributed via the Cardiothoracic Interdisciplinary Research Network and cardiac surgery patient and public involvement groups in London and Leicester, UK.

AGA Clinical Practice Guideline on the Prevention and Treatment of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in At-Risk Individuals.

Background & Aims: Hepatitis B reactivation (HBVr) can occur due to a variety of immune-modulating exposures, including multiple drug classes and disease states. Antiviral prophylaxis can be effective in mitigating the risk of HBVr. In select cases, clinical monitoring without antiviral prophylaxis is sufficient for managing the risk of HBVr.

Cerebral perfusion correlates with amyloid deposition in patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF) may contribute to the initial stages of the pathophysiological process in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hypoperfusion has been observed in several brain regions in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, the clinical significance of CBF changes in the early stages of AD is currently unclear.

Lifestyle interventions for dementia risk reduction: A review on the role of physical activity and diet in Western and Asian Countries.

Dementia, is a critical global public health challenge with no effective pharmacological treatments. Recent research highlights the significant role of lifestyle interventions, particularly physical activity and dietary habits, in mitigating cognitive decline among the elderly and preventing the progression to dementia in individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). This comprehensive review explores the impact of physical exercise and dietary approaches on cognitive health, comparing strategies adopted in Western and Asian countries.

Spatiotemporal metabolic mapping of ex-situ preserved hearts subjected to dialysis by integration of bio-SPME sampling with non-targeted metabolipidomic profiling.

Background: Normothermic ex situ heart perfusion (ESHP) has emerged as a valid modality for advanced cardiac allograft preservation and conditioning prior to transplantation though myocardial function declines gradually during ESHP thus limiting its potential for expanding the donor pool. Recently, the utilization of dialysis has been shown to preserve myocardial and coronary vasomotor function. Herein, we sought to determine the changes in myocardial metabolism that could support this improvement.

Efficacy of butylphthalide in preventing cognitive decline in ischaemic stroke survivors: a 12-month prospective following-up study.

Background: Cognitive decline is a significant concern for stroke survivors, affecting their quality of life and increasing their burden on the healthcare system. DL-3-n-butylphthalide (butylphthalide) has shown efficacy in the short-term treatment of various cognitive impairments. This study evaluated the efficacy of butylphthalide in preventing cognitive decline over a 12-month period in patients with ischaemic stroke.

Prognostic performance of the two-step clinical care pathway in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Background & Aims: Current guidelines recommend a 2-step approach for risk stratification in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) with Fibrosis-4 index (FIB-4) followed by liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) or similar second-line tests. This study aimed to examine to prognostic performance of this approach.

Methods: The VCTE-Prognosis Study was a longitudinal study of patients with MASLD who had undergone VCTE examinations at 16 centres from the US, Europe and Asia with subsequent follow-up for clinical events.

The risk of donor-acquired allergy in solid organ transplant recipients: a systematic review.

Background: Donor acquired allergy (DAA) occurs when donors transfer their allergies to recipients through solid organ transplant (SOT). However, the risk of DAA in recipients of organs from allergic donors has not been systematically characterized.

Objective: We sought to synthesize the available evidence on the risk of DAA in SOT recipients.

Menstrual cycle characteristics across the reproductive lifespan and cognitive function in midlife women.

Background: Menstrual cycle characteristics are potential indicators of hormonal exposures and may also signal cardiovascular disease risk factors, both of which are relevant to cognitive health. However, there is scarce epidemiological evidence on the association between cycle characteristics and cognitive function.

Objectives: We studied the associations of menstrual cycle characteristics at three stages of a woman's reproductive lifespan with cognitive function in midlife.

Functional nanoplatform for modulating cellular forces to enhance antitumor immunity via mechanotransduction.

Immune cells are sensitive to the perception of mechanical stimuli in the tumor microenvironment. Changes in biophysical cues within tumor tissue can alter the force-sensing mechanisms experienced by cells. Mechanical stimuli within the extracellular matrix are transformed into biochemical signals through mechanotransduction.

The incidence of Popeye Deformity after Soft Tissue Biceps Tenodesis is Comparable to Biceps Anchor Tenodesis and Lower than Biceps Tenotomy During Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair- letter to editor.

We have carefully reviewed the article entitled "The incidence of Popeye Deformity after Soft Tissue Biceps Tenodesis is Comparable to Biceps Anchor Tenodesis and Lower than Biceps Tenotomy During Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair" by Hyun Gon Kim et al. and found it very interesting. While we appreciate the authors' efforts, we have some questions about certain aspects of the study methodology that we hope they can address.

Local cortical structure pattern and genetic links in schizophrenia: An MRI and CRISPR/Cas9 study.

While the etiology of schizophrenia (SZ) remains elusive, its diverse phenotypes suggest the involvement of distinct functional cortical areas, and the heritability of SZ implies the underlying genetic factors. This study aimed to integrate imaging and molecular analyses to elucidate the genetic underpinnings of SZ. We investigated the local cortical structural pattern changes in Brodmann areas (BAs) by calculating the cortical structural pattern index (SPI) using magnetic resonance imaging analysis from 194 individuals with SZ and 330 controls.