32,213 results match your criteria: "§University of Maryland School of Medicine[Affiliation]"

The role of oxidative stress metabolism during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formation potentially allows for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of oxidative stress activity for early and precise HCC detection. However, there is currently limited data available on oxidative-stress-related PET imaging for longitudinal monitoring of the pathophysiological changes during HCC formation. This work aimed to explore PET-based longitudinal monitoring of oxidative stress metabolism and determine the sensitivity of [18F]-5-fluoroaminosuberic acid ([18F]FASu) for assessing pathophysiological processes in diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced rat HCC.

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Purpose: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) radioligand therapy is a promising treatment for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Several beta or alpha particle-emitting radionuclide-conjugated small molecules have shown efficacy in late-stage mCRPC and one, [[177Lu]Lu]Lu-PSMA-617, is FDA approved. In addition to tumor upregulation, PSMA is also expressed in kidneys and salivary glands where specific uptake can cause dose-limiting xerostomia and potential for nephrotoxicity.

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When bacteria are tetracycline- or doxycycline-resistant, the ability of these bacteria to be susceptible to the other tetracyclines is not well defined. Consequently, gaining knowledge about the ability to infer Enterobacterales susceptibility to minocycline and third-generation tetracycline antibiotics from surrogates is vital. In this study, we show that tigecycline may be a reasonable surrogate from which clinicians can infer omadacycline and eravacycline susceptibilities, even in the presence of doxycycline and tetracycline resistance.

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Advances in neonatal medicine over the last several decades have led to improvements in survival for the most fragile and critically ill infants. A mainstay of supporting the health needs of hospitalized infants involves use of peripheral intravenous (PIV) catheters to administer medications, parenteral nutrition, and blood products. However, PIV catheters are not without risks and complications such as infiltration and extravasation.

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Background: Enteric fever caused by Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A in addition to gastroenteritis and invasive disease, predominantly attributable to nontyphoidal Salmonella serovars Typhimurium and Enteritidis, are major causes of death and disability across the globe. A broad-spectrum vaccine that protects against disease caused by typhoidal and nontyphoidal serovars of Salmonella is not available for humans but would prevent a considerable burden of disease worldwide.

Methods: We previously developed a broad-spectrum vaccine for Gram-negative bacteria that is based on the inner core domain of detoxified Escherichia coli O111, Rc (J5) mutant lipooligosaccharide, a highly conserved antigen across Gram-negative bacteria, complexed with an outer membrane protein of group B Neisseria meningitidis.

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E-cigarette/vaping-associated lung injury (EVALI) is strongly associated with vitamin E acetate and often occurs with concomitant tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) use. To uncover pathways associated with EVALI, we examined cytokines, transcriptomic signatures, and lipidomic profiles in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from THC-EVALI patients. At a single center, we prospectively enrolled mechanically ventilated patients with EVALI from THC-containing products (N = 4) and patients with non-vaping acute lung injury and airway controls (N = 5).

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Background/objective: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is typically but not exclusively seen in patients with a history of diabetes mellitus.

Case Report: This is a case of 39 year-old male who was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis based on characteristic symptoms and positive CT findings on presentation. Laboratory testing revealed elevated serum glucose 251 mg/dL, low serum bicarbonate 8 mmol/L, increased anion gap 21, and elevated serum beta-hydroxybutyrate 9.

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Exploring a novel outcome measure of symptom progression in knee osteoarthritis utilizing a large randomized trial.

Osteoarthritis Cartilage

December 2024

Formation Bio, Inc., Research and Development, New York City, NY, USA; Caduceus Biomedical Consulting, LLC, Durham, NC, USA; Duke University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Durham, NC, USA.

Objectives: Explore a newly defined composite measure of symptom progression for knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in a large, randomized study of a potential disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug (DMOAD).

Design: Using longitudinal KOA studies, a potential composite endpoint of time to symptom progression was defined as the first occurrence of worsening of Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) Pain of ≥10 points with no improvement (≤9 point decrease) in WOMAC Function (0-100 scale). A post hoc analysis explored discrimination and association with structural outcomes in the sprifermin FORWARD trial through Years 3 and 5.

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Background: Black women have a 40% higher breast cancer (BC) mortality rate than White women and are at a higher risk of acquiring cardiovascular disease. Proton therapy (PT) can be used to mitigate cardiac radiation exposure; however, PT remains a scarce resource in the United States. We report on the cardiovascular profiles of patients undergoing PT to determine the potential benefit of PT for Black women when compared to non-Black patients.

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The large-conductance calcium- and voltage-activated potassium (BK) channels, encoded by the KCNMA1 gene, play important roles in neuronal function. Mutations in KCNMA1 have been found in patients with various neurodevelopmental features, including intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Previous studies of KCNMA1 knockout mice have suggested altered activity patterns and behavioral flexibility, but it remained unclear whether these changes primarily affect immediate behavioral adaptation or longer-term learning processes.

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Introduction: Five million US Veterans had possible exposure to open burn pits used for waste disposal through service in Iraq (2003-2011) and Afghanistan (2001-2014). Burn pits generate toxic exposures that may be associated with adverse health outcomes. We examined all-cause and cause-specific mortality in relation to deployment to bases with open burn pits.

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Purpose: The mandible is the second most fractured facial bone. The timing of open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) has been a subject of debate for decades. The authors sought to investigate the association between the timing of ORIF and the incidence of postoperative complications.

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The HET (history, electrocardiogram, and troponin) score has low efficacy and negative predictive value in a multisite U.S. cohort study.

Am J Emerg Med

December 2024

Department of Emergency Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA; Department of Implementation Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.

Introduction: The History, Electrocardiogram, and Troponin (HET) score is a simplified alternative to the HEART score for risk stratifying emergency department (ED) patients with chest pain. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of the HET score for 30-day cardiac death or myocardial infarction (MI).

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of the STOP-CP multisite cohort study.

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Background: Traditional decannulation of femoral venoarterial (VA) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) involves femoral cutdown. Percutaneous methods have been developed, but data supporting their use are limited. This study sought to compare the MANTA (Teleflex) vascular closure device with open decannulation.

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Background: Machine perfusion (MP) for liver transplantation has become more widespread in the United States, but national studies on this growing practice are lacking. We investigated national use and outcomes of MP for liver transplantation.

Methods: Adult (≥18 y) liver recipients transplanted between January 1, 2016 and September 30, 2023 in the United Network for Organ Sharing database were included.

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Early infancy is a critical period for immune development. In addition to being the primary food source during early infancy, human milk also provides multiple bioactive components that shape the infant gut microbiome and immune system and provides a constant source of exposure to maternal microbiota. Given the potential interplay between allergic diseases and the human microbiome, this study aimed to characterise the milk microbiome of allergic mothers.

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Therapeutic potential of the flavonoid compound Licochalcone D in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Biochem Biophys Res Commun

January 2025

Department of Biological Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, 61452, Gwangju, South Korea; The Basic Science Institute of Chosun University, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, South Korea; Department of Integrative Biological Science, BK21 FOUR Education Research Group for Age-Associated Disorder Control Technology, Chosun University, 61452, Gwangju, South Korea. Electronic address:

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a prevalent chronic liver disease associated with type 2 diabetes, which doubles the risk of developing this condition. Various flavonoid compounds have a positive effect on lipid metabolism, inflammation, and insulin resistance and can contribute to slowing down the progression of MASLD. In the current study, we investigated the biological effects of Licochalcone D (Lico D), a flavonoid, in a metabolic disease model.

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Thirty-four per cent of deaths among Americans aged 1-46 are due to injury, and many of these deaths could be prevented if all hospitals performed as well as the highest-performing hospitals. The Institute of Medicine and the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine have called for learning health systems, with emphasis on clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) as a means of limiting preventable deaths. Reduction in mortality has been demonstrated when evidence-based trauma CPGs are adhered to; however, guidelines are variably updated, redundant, absent, inaccessible, or perceived as irrelevant.

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Background: Previous research has estimated that over one-half of patients with orthopaedic trauma experience financial distress after the injury. However, it is unknown what proportion of patients lived under financial distress before the injury and, therefore, the causal effect of the injury on financial distress. This study examined changes in financial distress after the injury and factors associated with new post-injury financial distress.

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Objectives: To identify clinical, demographic, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) associated with return to work after lower extremity traumatic injury requiring amputation or limb salvage.

Methods: Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Multi-center across 25 countries.

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Background: Two long-acting muscarinic antagonist inhaler fixed dose combinations (olodaterol/tiotropium (OLO/TIO) and vilanterol/umeclidinium (VI/UMEC)) have once-a-day dosing for managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to compare clinical effectiveness of these inhalers in terms of ability to prevent severe COPD exacerbations in a United States Medicare population.

Research Design And Methods: Using nationally representative Medicare data (2013-2019), we employed a new user, active comparator design among beneficiaries aged 65 years and older with COPD.

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Introduction: The utility of pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) for high-grade traumatic injuries remains unclear and data surrounding its use are limited. We hypothesized that PD does not result in improved outcomes when compared with non-PD surgical management of grade IV-V pancreaticoduodenal injuries.

Methods: This is a retrospective, multicenter analysis from 35 level 1 trauma centers from January 2010 to December 2020.

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Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common, progressive, and potentially fatal dilation of the most distal aortic segment. Multiple studies with longitudinal follow-up of AAA have identified markedly slower progression among patients affected with diabetes. Understanding the molecular pathway responsible for the growth inhibition could have implications for therapy in nondiabetic patients with AAA.

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