Lost dwell time and cycler alarms in inpatient automated peritoneal dialysis at a tertiary care hospital.

Background And Aims: Dwell time is a critical component of automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) prescription, the stage at which transmembrane mass and fluid transfer occur. Loss of prescribed dwell time (LDT) can negatively influence the efficiency of APD. We investigated the incidence of LDT and related causes using APD in the acute care setting at a tertiary care center.

A Pilot Study Evaluating the Feasibility and Efficacy of an In-Home Resonance-Based Electromagnetic Field Protection Device on Improving Markers of Health and Cognitive Function Among a Sample of Healthy Adults.

Background: The dramatic increase in exposure to non-native sources of electromagnetic fields (EMF) in recent years has given rise to numerous human health concerns. The near pervasive exposure to radiofrequency (RF) emanating from wireless technologies inside the home (e.g.

Patient-Level and Hospital Treatment-Level Characteristics Predicting Child Readmissions After Psychiatric Inpatient Treatment.

The Institute of Medicine (2001) describes quality healthcare as safe, effective, patient-centered, efficient, equitable, and timely. Although this definition highlights the necessity of continuous program evaluation to ensure that these goals are being addressed, there is a notable lack of industry-wide standards and benchmarks, and many clinical programs lack the ability to continually and rigorously evaluate their own performance with data. This might be particularly true in the case of ensuring service members and veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) obtain treatment, as several systemic barriers exist, such as long wait times and lack of equitable treatment for individuals with minoritized identities.

Evaluation of Vancomycin Dose Needed to Achieve 24-Hour Area Under the Concentration-Time Curve to Minimum Inhibitory Concentration Ratio Greater Than or Equal to 400 Using Pharmacometric Approaches in Pediatric Intensive Care Patients.

Objectives: To investigate which independent factor(s) have an impact on the pharmacokinetics of vancomycin in critically ill children, develop an equation to predict the 24-hour area under the concentration-time curve from a trough concentration, and evaluate dosing regimens likely to achieve a 24-hour area under the concentration-time curve to minimum inhibitory concentration ratio (AUC24/MIC) greater than or equal to 400.

Design: Prospective population pharmacokinetic study of vancomycin.

Setting: Critically ill patients in quaternary care PICUs.

A meta-analysis and polygenic score study identifies novel genetic markers for waist-hip ratio in African populations.

Objective: Understanding the genetic underpinnings of anthropometric traits in diverse populations is crucial for gaining insights into their biological mechanisms and potential implications for health.

Methods: We conducted a genome-wide association study, meta-analysis, and gene set analysis of waist-hip ratio (WHR), WHR adjusted for BMI (WHRadjBMI), waist circumference, BMI, and height using the African Collaborative Center for Microbiome and Genomics Research (ACCME) cohort (n = ~11,000) for discovery and polygenic score target analyses and the Africa America Diabetes Mellitus (AADM) study (n = ~5200) for replication and polygenic score validation. We generated and compared polygenic scores from European, African, Afro-Caribbean, and multiethnic ancestry populations.

C-CAR066, a novel fully human anti-CD20 CAR-T therapy for relapsed or refractory large B-cell lymphoma after failure of anti-CD19 CAR-T therapy: A phase I clinical study.

Managing large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL) that is refractory to or relapsed after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy remains a significant challenge. Here we aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of C-CAR066, an autologous fully human anti-CD20 specific CAR-T, for relapsed/refractory LBCL after failure of anti-CD19 CAR-T therapy. This first-in-human, single-arm, phase 1 study was conducted at two sites in China.

Cost Effectiveness of Definitive Treatment Strategies for Autonomously Functioning Thyroid Nodules.

Objective: Autonomously functioning thyroid nodules (AFTN) can be treated with antithyroid drugs, radioactive iodine (RAI), thyroid lobectomy or radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Although surgery is most definitive, some patients require lifelong hormone supplementation. RFA avoids this sequela, but its efficacy depends on nodule size.

Healthcare Expenditures Among Older Immigrants in the United States With Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias: Population-Based Study Between 2007 and 2020.

Objectives: Using nationally representative data sets, this study examined differences in healthcare expenditures between U.S.-born and foreign-born individuals aged 65 and above by the presence of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) and cognitive limitations (CL).

Opposite-Direction Spatial Working Memory Biases in People With Schizophrenia and Healthy Control Participants.

Background: People with schizophrenia (PSZ) show impaired accuracy in spatial working memory (sWM), which is thought to reflect abnormalities in the sustained firing of feature selective neurons that are critical for successful encoding and maintenance processes. Recent research has documented a new source of variance in the accuracy of sWM: In healthy adults, sWM representations are unconsciously biased by previous trials such that current-trial responses are attracted to previous-trial responses (serial dependence). This opens a new window to examine how schizophrenia impacts both the sustained neural firing representing the current-trial target and the longer-term synaptic plasticity that stores previous-trial information.

Evolving Approaches for Pharmacological Therapy of Obesity.

Obesity is a global health concern. Progress in understanding the physiology of obesity and weight reduction has provided new drug targets. Development and testing of new antiobesity medications (AOMs) has the potential to quickly expand options for treatment.

Insulin Autoimmune Syndrome (Hirata's Disease) Caused by Methimazole in a 47-Year-Old Man.

Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS), or Hirata's disease, is a rare disease characterized by episodes of hypoglycemia with elevated levels of insulin secondary to high concentrations of insulin autoantibodies. The use of methimazole is a risk factor for the development of Hirata's disease. We report a case of a 47-year-old man being treated for thyroid storm initially with methimazole and other agents.

Measurement of retinal blood flow precision in the human eye with multimodal adaptive optics imaging.

Impaired retinal blood flow (RBF) autoregulation plays a key role in the development and progression of several ocular diseases, including glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy. Clinically, reproducible RBF quantitation could significantly improve early diagnosis and disease management. Several non-invasive techniques have been developed but are limited for retinal microvasculature flow measurements due to their low signal-to-noise ratio and poor lateral resolution.

Contact precautions for MRSA and VRE: where are we now? A survey of the Research Network.

Objective: Contact precautions for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant (VRE) have limited data on efficacy and have been associated with patient harm. Still, a 2015 (SHEA) Research Network (SRN) survey showed only 7% of hospitals discontinued routine MRSA/VRE contact precautions. The study objectives were to identify the current proportion of hospitals that have discontinued routine MRSA/VRE contact precautions and motivations for change.

Techniques for Implementing Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Primary Care: Key CGM Updates and Highlights from the ATTD 2024 Conference [Podcast].

This podcast discusses innovations, advancements, and discoveries in continuous glucose monitoring that were presented at the Advanced Technologies & Treatments for Diabetes 2024 Conference in Florence, Italy, held in March 2024. Specifically, the author will discuss Session two "CGM diabetes quality measures", Session three "hypoglycemia- any progress?", and Session 20, "CGM guided precision diabetes management".

Area Deprivation Index as a proxy for socioeconomic status in outpatient orthopaedic surgery patients - A prospective registry cross sectional study.

Background: We aimed to determine if Area Deprivation Index (ADI) is associated with self-reported metrics socioeconomic status (SES), and to assess the relationship between ADI and preoperative score on common patient reported outcome scores (PROS).

Methods: Patients presenting for outpatient orthopaedic surgery completed Patient-Reported Outcome Metric Information System (PROMIS) and joint-specific PROS. ADI was determined from geocoded home address.

SARS-CoV-2 ORF3a induces COVID-19-associated kidney injury through HMGB1-mediated cytokine production.

Unlabelled: The primary challenge posed by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is COVID-19-related mortality, often exacerbated by additional medical complications, such as COVID-19-associated kidney injuries (CAKIs). Up to half of COVID-19 patients experience kidney complications, with those facing acute respiratory failure and kidney injury having the worst overall prognosis. Despite the significant impact of CAKI on COVID-19-related mortality and its enduring effects in long COVID, the underlying causes and molecular mechanisms of CAKI remain elusive.