32,218 results match your criteria: "§University of Maryland School of Medicine[Affiliation]"
Etiologies and comorbidities of meningitis deaths in children under 5 years in high-mortality settings: Insights from the CHAMPS Network in the post-pneumococcal vaccine era.
J Infect
December 2024
Centro de Investigação em Saúde de Manhiça, Maputo, Mozambique; ISGlobal, Barcelona, Spain, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Unviersitat de Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain; ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain; Pediatrics Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Universitat de Barcelona, Esplugues, Barcelona, Spain; Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública-CIBERESP, Madrid, Spain.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the role of meningitis in child mortality under five years old, particularly focusing on data from six sub-Saharan African countries and Bangladesh.
- It employs post-mortem minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS) to identify the causes of death and pathogens responsible for meningitis in this age group from December 2016 to December 2023.
- Findings reveal that meningitis contributed to 7% of child deaths, with common pathogens identified being Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae, particularly affecting neonates and infants.
Engineered Immune Constructs Alter Antigen-Specific Immune Tolerance and Confer Durable Protection in Myelin-Driven Autoimmunity.
ACS Nano
November 2024
Robert E. Fischell Institute for Biomedical Devices, 8278 Paint Branch Drive, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States.
Autoimmune diseases are broadly characterized as a failure in immune tolerance. In multiple sclerosis (MS), autoreactive immune cells attack the protective myelin sheath lining neurons in the central nervous system. Therapeutic strategies that selectively and durably restore immune tolerance without broad immunosuppression are urgently needed for MS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWeight Loss, Pathological Changes, and Inflammatory Effects from a Short-Term Ketogenic Diet in Overweight and Obese Men with Untreated Prostate Cancer on Active Surveillance.
Nutrients
October 2024
Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Background And Aims: Active Surveillance (AS) is a favored strategy for the management of indolent prostate cancers (PCs). Overweight and obese men harbor an increased risk of cancer progression during AS. We aim to prospectively evaluate the feasibility and outcomes of a ketogenic diet (KD) weight-loss intervention in overweight men with PC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Novel Single-Color FRET Sensor for Rho-Kinase Reveals Calcium-Dependent Activation of RhoA and ROCK.
Sensors (Basel)
October 2024
Department of Pharmacology, Physiology, and Drug Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Ras homolog family member A (RhoA) acts as a signaling hub in many cellular processes, including cytoskeletal dynamics, division, migration, and adhesion. RhoA activity is tightly spatiotemporally controlled, but whether downstream effectors share these activation dynamics is unknown. We developed a novel single-color FRET biosensor to measure Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) activity with high spatiotemporal resolution in live cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRandomized phase II trial of weekly ixabepilone ± biweekly bevacizumab for platinum-resistant or refractory ovarian/fallopian tube/primary peritoneal cancer (NCT03093155): Updated survival and subgroup analyses.
BJC Rep
June 2024
Department of Pathology, Smilow Comprehensive Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - The study investigated the effectiveness of ixabepilone (IXA) combined with bevacizumab (BEV) in treating ovarian cancers resistant to paclitaxel, revealing that the combination therapy significantly improves overall response rates (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS) compared to ixabepilone alone.
- - A phase 2 clinical trial randomly assigned 76 patients, showing that those receiving IXA + BEV had a much higher ORR (38.4% vs. 8.1%) and greater PFS (5.5 months vs. 2.2 months) and overall survival (OS) (10.3 months vs. 6.0 months) despite many participants requiring
Socioeconomic disparities in Plasmodium falciparum infection risk in Southern Malawi: mediation analyses.
Sci Rep
November 2024
Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Hamburg, Germany.
This study investigated the mediators of the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) infection in Southern region of Malawi. We utilized data from the 2014 International Center of Excellence for Malaria Research (ICEMR) surveys from Malawi in which blood samples of all individuals from selected households in Blantyre, Thyolo and Chikhwawa were tested for Pf parasitemia. We assessed household SEP and potential mediators - housing quality, food security, education status of household heads, and use of long-lasting Insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) and nutritional status.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrends in Faculty Advancement for Underrepresented groups in Academic Radiology.
Acad Radiol
November 2024
Professor of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine, Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (D.G.); Professor and Director, Interventional Neuroradiology, Nuclear Medicine, Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (D.G.). Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- This study analyzed demographic data from academic radiology faculty to evaluate rank equity by gender and race/ethnicity from 2000 to 2023.
- It found that the percentage of women faculty increased but disparities remained, particularly for underrepresented minorities (URM) and Asian women, in terms of rank equity.
- The study concluded that while progress was made for women, significant barriers still exist for URM and Asian faculty, necessitating targeted efforts to promote diversity within the field.
Risk Management in Emergency Medicine.
Emerg Med Clin North Am
February 2025
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address:
Traditional, complementary and integrative medicine therapies for the treatment of mild/moderate acute COVID-19: protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
BMJ Open
November 2024
Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, Mcmaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Background: Increasing evidence has emerged for traditional, complementary and integrative medicine (TCIM) to treat COVID-19 which requires systematic summaries of the net benefits of interventions against standard care and one another. The study aims to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) regarding TCIM therapies for treating mild/moderate acute COVID-19, potentially informing the WHO guideline development and clinical decision-making.
Methods And Analysis: We will search Embase, MEDLINE, Virtual Health Library on Traditional Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, WHO's International Clinical Trials Registry Platform with additional searches of Chinese and Korean literature sources for randomised controlled trials comparing TCIM with placebo, standard care, no treatment or with an alternate type of TCIM to treat COVID-19.
Increased exercise tolerance in humanized G6PD-deficient mice.
Blood Adv
January 2025
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO.
Article Synopsis
- - Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, affecting 500 million people, impairs red blood cell antioxidant functions, raising the risk of hemolysis during oxidative stress, particularly during exercise.
- - A study using mice with a specific G6PD variant showed that, despite lower enzyme activity, these mice had better exercise performance and improved heart function post-exercise compared to normal mice.
- - Analysis revealed enhanced mitochondrial function and changes in energy metabolism and protein turnover, indicating that G6PD-deficient individuals might have a metabolic advantage during exercise, challenging existing beliefs about hemolytic risks.
Dynamic overrepresentation of accumbal cues in food- and opioid-seeking rats after prenatal THC exposure.
Sci Adv
November 2024
Department of Neurobiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
The increasing prevalence of cannabis use during pregnancy has raised medical concerns, primarily related to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which readily crosses the placenta and affects fetal brain development. Previous research has identified dopaminergic alterations related to maternal THC consumption. However, the consequences that prenatal cannabis exposure (PCE) has on striatum-based processing during reward pursuit have not been determined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCognitive and Behavioral Outcomes of Snoring Among Adolescents.
JAMA Netw Open
November 2024
Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.
Article Synopsis
- Snoring is linked to sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and can impact cognitive and behavioral outcomes in adolescents, but its effects are less understood compared to younger children.
- This study used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, involving over 11,000 participants to analyze how snoring affects cognitive abilities and behavioral problems over a five-year period.
- Findings revealed a decline in habitual snorers from 6.8% to 3.2% over the study duration; however, snoring was not found to be significantly associated with cognitive impairments or behavioral issues among adolescents.
Oral LPCN 1148 improves sarcopenia and hepatic encephalopathy in male patients with cirrhosis: A randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial.
Hepatology
November 2024
Stravitz-Sanyal Institute for Liver Disease and Metabolic Health, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
Article Synopsis
- - Sarcopenia, a condition involving muscle loss, is common in men with liver cirrhosis and has negative effects on health, including increasing the risk of hepatic encephalopathy (HE); androgen receptor agonists (ARAs) like LPCN 1148 show potential to address these issues but their effectiveness and safety in this demographic were previously unclear.
- - In a phase 2 trial, men with cirrhosis and sarcopenia were given either LPCN 1148 or placebo for 24 weeks, with results indicating that those taking LPCN 1148 had a significant increase in muscle mass (measured by CT scans) and experienced fewer episodes of serious HE compared to the placebo group.
The 10 Commandments of Endo-Bentall Repair.
Innovations (Phila)
November 2024
Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Whole lung lavage: considerations from the anesthesiology perspective.
Curr Opin Pulm Med
January 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Whole lung lavage (WLL) is the main treatment for pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) and requires careful preparation by a multidisciplinary team to ensure safety and effectiveness.
- Effective anesthesia management is crucial during the procedure to avoid complications like hypoxemia and fluid overload, using techniques such as total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) and attentive intraoperative monitoring.
- Despite its challenges and the need for standardization, WLL can greatly improve the condition of patients with PAP when performed by a well-coordinated team, including various specialists.
Tremor in cervical dystonia.
Dystonia
March 2024
Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States.
Article Synopsis
- Cervical dystonia (CD) is a common neurological condition, with about one-third of patients also experiencing tremors in their head and hands, complicating diagnosis and treatment.
- Researchers analyzed data from over 3,100 CD patients across various continents using machine learning to identify clinical features predicting the presence and nature of neck tremor.
- Key findings revealed that increased severity of CD, longer disease duration, and older age were strong predictors of neck tremor, with notable differences in tremor characteristics based on gender and the involvement of other body parts.
Impact of 6-OHDA injection and microtrauma in the rat on local brain amyloid beta protein concentrations in the affected area.
Histol Histopathol
October 2024
Department of Physiology, Universidad Central del Caribe School of Medicine, Bayamón, Puerto Rico.
Article Synopsis
- Amyloid beta peptides (Aβ) are important markers for Alzheimer's disease and are associated with cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease (PD) and other neurodegenerative conditions.
- The study used a 6-Hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) model in Wistar rats to investigate Aβ accumulation following dopaminergic cell damage induced by the injection.
- Results indicated a significant increase in Aβ levels at the injection site one hour after the 6-OHDA injection, with a notable presence in blood vessels and possible neuronal cells, linking Aβ accumulation to the progression of PD and its cognitive implications.
Is lateral external perturbation training more beneficial for protective stepping responses than voluntary stepping training in stroke? A pilot randomized control study.
J Neuroeng Rehabil
November 2024
Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 100 Penn Street, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.
Article Synopsis
- * Thirty-one participants underwent either PERT or VOL training, consisting of 80 lateral and some anterior/posterior step trials, and various outcome measures were assessed, including step initiation time and step length.
- * Results showed that the PERT group initiated lateral steps faster with their non-paretic leg and improved overall stepping performance and balance more significantly than the VOL group, suggesting external perturbation training offers greater benefits for stroke recovery.
Assessing Sleep Disorders in an Inpatient Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Unit.
Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am
January 2025
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, 4434 Electric Road, Roanoke, VA 24018, USA.
Sleep and mental health have a strong relationship. There is a lack of training in Sleep Medicine for Psychiatrists. Sleep problems often accompany mental health issues, especially in children and adolescents on inpatient psychiatry units.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Comparative Evaluation of Large Language Model Utility in Neuroimaging Clinical Decision Support.
J Imaging Inform Med
November 2024
Department of Radiology, Baltimore VA Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Imaging utilization is rising, but many studies may not be suitable for specific clinical situations, prompting a need for better guidance.
- This research examines the effectiveness of eight popular large language models (LLMs) in providing imaging recommendations for 24 common neuroradiology scenarios, as graded by expert neuroradiologists.
- GPT-4 and ChatGPT performed the best, with GPT-4 achieving optimal recommendations in 23 out of 24 cases, while models like Llama 2 lagged significantly behind in accuracy and usefulness.
The Use of External Beam Radiation Therapy for Heterotopic Ossification Prophylaxis After Surgical Fixation of Acetabular Fractures: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
J Orthop Trauma
February 2025
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.
Objectives: To determine the effect of external beam radiation (XRT) on preventing severe heterotopic ossification (HO) after acetabular surgery.
Design: Randomized controlled trial.
Setting: Two level I academic trauma centers.
Metabolite signatures of chronological age, aging, survival, and longevity.
Cell Rep
November 2024
Department of Chemistry, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
Metabolites that mark aging are not fully known. We analyze 408 plasma metabolites in Long Life Family Study participants to characterize markers of age, aging, extreme longevity, and mortality. We identify 308 metabolites associated with age, 258 metabolites that change over time, 230 metabolites associated with extreme longevity, and 152 metabolites associated with mortality risk.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic Testing for Monogenic Stroke.
Stroke
December 2024
Department of Neurology (S.J.K.), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.
Can Genetics Improve Prediction of Poststroke Epilepsy?
Stroke
December 2024
Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology & Public Health, Vice Chief of Research, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore (B.D.M.).
Oligodendrocyte Slc48a1 (Hrg1) encodes a functional heme transporter required for myelin integrity.
Glia
February 2025
Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
Article Synopsis
- * Hrg1 is specifically expressed in mature oligodendrocytes and is co-localized with myelin sheaths, suggesting its significant role in myelination.
- * Hrg1 null mutant mice displayed myelin defects and lower levels of myelin iron, indicating that Hrg1 is essential for maintaining myelin integrity and proper cell differentiation.