Tubulin-Based Microtentacles Aid in Heterotypic Clustering of Neutrophil-Differentiated HL-60 Cells and Breast Tumor Cells.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) travel through the vasculature to seed secondary sites and serve as direct precursors of metastatic outgrowth for many solid tumors. Heterotypic cell clusters form between CTCs and white blood cells (WBCs) and recent studies report that a majority of these WBCs are neutrophils in patient and mouse models. The lab discovered that CTCs produce tubulin-based protrusions, microtentacles (McTNs), which promote reattachment, retention in distant sites during metastasis and formation of tumor cell clusters.

Multi-center experience with an off-the-shelf single retrograde thoracic branch endoprosthesis for acute aortic pathology.

Objective: The thoracic branch endoprosthesis (TBE) (W.L. Gore) offers an off-the-shelf single option for thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) of aortic arch pathology with sealing in zones 0 to 2.

Neutral Lipid Storage Disease With Myopathy and Infiltrative Cardiomyopathy Initially Presenting as Right Arm Weakness.

Neutral lipid storage disease with myopathy is a rare genetic syndrome of abnormal intracellular lipolysis leading to lipid droplet accumulation in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Because of variability in clinical presentations, a multidisciplinary approach is essential for diagnosis and treatment.

Obesity in Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Are GLP-1 Receptor Agonists the New Frontier?

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is an inflammatory skin disorder presenting with painful and draining nodules in intertriginous areas that may progress to sinus tracts. There is an increased prevalence of obesity in HS, and obesity may predispose patients to HS. Weight loss has been associated with improvement of HS symptoms.

Epidemiology, treatment and outcomes of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.

To investigate incidence, treatment patterns and outcomes of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NEN) in the United States. The 2019 National Cancer Database was searched for adult GEP-NEN patients. Main outcomes included overall and site-specific incidence, treatment patterns, and overall survival (OS).

Enhanced surface hydrophilicity improves osseointegration of titanium implants integrin-mediated osteoimmunomodulation.

Titanium (Ti) implants have become widespread especially in dentistry and orthopedics, where macrophage-driven osteoimmunomodulation is crucial to their success. Hydrophilic modification of Ti represents a promising strategy to enhance its immune and osteogenic responses. Herein, the osteoimmunomodulatory performance and integrin-mediated mechanism of novel non-thermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP) treatment to induce a hydrophilic Ti were investigated for the first time.

Augmented reality-assisted microvascular decompression for glossopharyngeal neuralgia: a case report.

Glossopharyngeal neuralgia is a rare condition characterized by pain along the distribution of the glossopharyngeal nerve. Surgical approaches via microvascular decompression represent a common treatment strategy. For this procedure, an understanding of the location of the cranial nerve and the offending vasculature is critically important.

Calaspargase-Pegol-Mknl Combined with BCL-2 and MCL-1 Inhibition for Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Our previous studies have demonstrated that pegcrisantaspase (PegC), a long-acting asparaginase, synergizes with the BCL-2 inhibitor Venetoclax (Ven) in vitro and in vivo; however, the anti-leukemic activity of -derived asparaginases in combination with BCL-2 inhibition, and potential synergy with inhibitors of MCL-1, a key resistance factor of BCL-2 inhibition, has yet to be determined. Using a combination of human AML cells lines, primary samples, and in vivo xenograft mouse models, we established the anti-leukemic activity of the BCL-2 inhibitor S55746 and the MCL-1 inhibitor S63845, alone and in combination with the long-acting asparaginase calaspargase pegol-mknl (CalPegA). We report that CalPegA enhances the anti-leukemic effect of S55746 but does not impact the activity of S63845.

A Facile and Promising Delivery Platform for siRNA to Solid Tumors.

Over 20 years have passed since siRNA was brought to the public's attention. Silencing genes with siRNA has been used for various purposes, from creating pest-resistant plants to treating human diseases. In the last six years, several siRNA therapies have been approved by the FDA, which solely target disease-inducing proteins in the liver.

Plant-Based Diets and Their Associations with Physical Performance in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.

Background: Plant-based diets are associated with various health benefits; however, their impact on physical performance in aging populations remains unclear.

Objectives: To investigate the associations between adherence to plant-based diets and physical performance, focusing on their potential protective effects against age-related declines in function.

Methods: Data were obtained from men and women aged 40 years or older in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) (mean ± SD age: 68 ± 13 years at the first dietary visit; n = 1389).

Class B Scavenger Receptor CD36 as a Potential Therapeutic Target in Inflammation Induced by Danger-Associated Molecular Patterns.

The class B scavenger receptor CD36 is known to bind and mediate the transport of lipid-related ligands and it functions as a pattern recognition receptor (PRR) for a variety of pathogens, including bacteria and viruses. In this study, we assessed CD36's role as a PRR mediating pro-inflammatory effects of several known Danger-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) used either as a single preparation or as a combination of DAMPs in the form of total cell/skeletal muscle tissue lysates. Our data demonstrated that multiple DAMPs, including HMGB1, HSPs, histone H3, SAA, and oxPAPC, as well as cell/tissue lysate preparations, induced substantially higher (~7-10-fold) IL-8 cytokine responses in HEK293 cells overexpressing CD36 compared to control WT cells.

Incidence of Pulmonary Hypertension in the Echocardiography Referral Population.

Rationale: Incidence rates for pulmonary hypertension using diagnostic data in patients with cardiopulmonary disease are not known.

Objectives: To determine incidence rates of, risk factors for, and mortality hazard associated with pulmonary hypertension among patients referred for transthoracic echocardiography.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study using data from the Veterans Health Administration (1999-2020) and Vanderbilt University Medical Center (1994-2020).

Refining Flash Visual Evoked Potential Analysis in Rats: A Novel Approach Using Bilateral Epidural Electrodes.

Purpose: Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) are electrical signals generated at the visual cortex following visual stimulation. Flash VEPs (fVEPs) are produced by global retinal stimulation and are considered an objective measure of the integrity of the entire visual pathway. However, fVEP measurements are highly sensitive to external variables, making relative comparisons of the fVEP waveforms between the two eyes in the same individual challenging.

Unlocking Therapeutic Potential: Camphorquinone's Role in Alleviating Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease via SIRT1/LKB1/AMPK Pathway Activation.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a pathological condition that increase the risk of simple steatosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. This study aimed to investigate the biological effects of camphorquinone (CQ) in a high-fat diet (HFD)-fed and low dose streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mouse model, widely used to mimic the concurrent development of NAFLD pathological conditions in vivo, and a free fatty acid-induced hepatic steatosis cell model in vitro.

Methods: CQ (10 or 30 mg/kg/day; i.

Inferring stability and persistence in the vaginal microbiome: A stochastic model of ecological dynamics.

The interplay of stochastic and ecological processes that govern the establishment and persistence of host-associated microbial communities is not well understood. Here we illustrate the conceptual and practical advantages of fitting stochastic population dynamics models to multi-species bacterial time series data. We show how the stability properties, fluctuation regimes and persistence probabilities of human vaginal microbial communities can be better understood by explicitly accommodating three sources of variability in ecological stochastic models of multi-species abundances: 1) stochastic biotic and abiotic forces, 2) ecological feedback and 3) sampling error.

Albumin orchestrates a natural host defense mechanism against mucormycosis.

Mucormycosis is an emerging, life-threatening human infection caused by fungi of the order Mucorales. Metabolic disorders uniquely predispose an ever-expanding group of patients to mucormycosis via poorly understood mechanisms. Therefore, it is highly likely that uncharacterized host metabolic effectors confer protective immunity against mucormycosis.

Mitophagosomes induced during EV-D68 infection promote viral nonlytic release.

Enterovirus-D68 (EV-D68) is a plus-strand RNA virus that primarily causes infant respiratory infections. In rare pediatric cases, infection with EV-D68 has been associated with acute flaccid myelitis, a polio-like paralytic disease. We have previously demonstrated that EV-D68 induces nonselective autophagy for its benefit.

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Screening in Occupational Health Surveillance Exams Is Associated With Decreased CRC Mortality.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is recommended for adults aged 45 to 75. Using data from a national screening program, we examined the impact of CRC screening in a population with occupational exposures.

Methods: Since 1998, the Building Trades National Medical Screening Program (BTMed) has offered CRC screening every 3 years.