Non-canonical hepatic androgen receptor mediates glucagon sensitivity in female mice through the PGC1α/ERRα/mitochondria axis.

Glucagon has recently been found to modulate liver fat content, in addition to its role in regulating gluconeogenesis. However, the precise mechanisms by which glucagon signaling synchronizes glucose and lipid metabolism in the liver remain poorly understood. By employing chemical and genetic approaches, we demonstrate that inhibiting the androgen receptor (AR) impairs the ability of glucagon to stimulate gluconeogenesis and lipid catabolism in primary hepatocytes and female mice.

The Psych Behind Psychedelics: Exploring Hallucinogen Use as a Marker for Untreated Mental Health Disorders.

Objective: Are individuals who use hallucinogens self-medicating their mental illness and are they more likely to abuse other illegal substances?

Design Setting Participants: Data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH), collected by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) database was queried for correlations with hallucinogen use. Using age group as a control variable, different variables were run through a crosstab in order to find significant data pointing to the implications of hallucinogen use.

Results: The data from the crosstab analysis showed three key findings about hallucinogen use: Those with mental illness or substance abuse issues were substantially more likely to use hallucinogens, the hallucinogen use greatly increased with the pandemic along with further mental health issues, and those who used hallucinogens were more significantly likely to abuse other illegal substances, primarily in a younger population.

Cellular Senescence Contributes to the Dysfunction of Tight Junctions in Submandibular Glands of Aging Mice.

The current mechanism by which aging reduces salivary secretion is unknown. This study investigates the mechanism of aging-related submandibular (SMG) dysfunction and evaluates the therapeutic potential of dental pulp stem cell-derived exosomes (DPSC-exos). We found that the stimulated salivary flow rate was significantly reduced in naturally aging and D-galactose-induced aging mice (D-gal mice) compared to control mice.

Analysis of the spiking dynamics of a diode laser with dual optical feedback.

In a complex dynamical system, noise, feedback, and external forces shape behavior that can range from regularity to high-dimensional chaos. Multiple feedback sources can significantly alter its dynamics, potentially even suppressing the system's output. This study investigates the impact of competing feedback sources on a stochastic complex dynamical system using a photonic neuron-a diode laser with external optical feedback.

Portable paper-based microfluidic devices with CuAgS NPs modification for multiplex intelligent visualized detection of adrenaline and glucose simultaneously.

Background: Adrenaline and glucose are essential biomarkers in human body for maintaining metabolic balance. Abnormal levels of adrenaline and glucose are associated with various diseases. Therefore, it is important to design portable, on-site devices for rapid adrenaline and glucose analysis to safeguard health.

Non-Invasive Assessment of VEGF and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer through Radiomic Features.

Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with delayed diagnosis often limiting effective treatment options. This study introduces a novel, non-invasive radiomics-based approach utilizing [18F] FDG PET/CT to predict VEGF status and survival in GC patients. The ability to non-invasively assess these parameters can significantly influence therapeutic decisions and outcomes.

Applying Natural Language Processing Techniques to Map Trends in Insomnia Treatment Terms on the r/Insomnia Subreddit: Infodemiology Study.

Background: People share health-related experiences and treatments, such as for insomnia, in digital communities. Natural language processing tools can be leveraged to understand the terms used in digital spaces to discuss insomnia and insomnia treatments.

Objective: The aim of this study is to summarize and chart trends of insomnia treatment terms on a digital insomnia message board.

Utilization of Palliative Care in Cardiogenic Shock Patients: A Retrospective Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample Database, 2020.

Cardiogenic shock (CS) is one of the leading causes of death in patients with myocardial infarction, myocarditis, and congestive heart failure. The utilization patterns of specialist palliative care (PC) consultation in these patients are currently unknown. To determine the utilization of PC in patients with CS and the overall comorbidities of that population.

Perception of Xiapu Min checked syllables and tones in citation and sandhi formsa).

This study investigates the acoustic cues for listeners to differentiate checked syllables and tones from unchecked ones. In Xiapu Min, checked and unchecked syllables and tones differ in f0, glottalization, and duration, whereas these differences are reduced in their sandhi forms. In citation forms, listeners utilize all three cues while relying on duration the most.

Comparing the Artificial Intelligence Detection Models to Standard Diagnostic Methods and Alternative Models in Identifying Alzheimer's Disease in At-Risk or Early Symptomatic Individuals: A Scoping Review.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative illnesses place a heavy strain on the world's healthcare systems, particularly among the aging population. With a focus on research from January 2022 to September 2023, this scoping review, which adheres to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-Scr) criteria, examines the changing landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) applications for early AD detection and diagnosis. Forty-four carefully chosen articles were selected from a pool of 2,966 articles for the qualitative synthesis.

Synthesis, characterization, and investigation of photochemical and in vitro properties of novel Zn(II) phthalocyanine.

A new nonperipheral zinc(II) phthalocyanine bearing octa carboxylic acid ethyl ester derivative substituted triazole attached propylmercaptothiobenzylmercapto derivative was synthesized via the tetramerization reaction of phthalonitrile. The photochemical in vitro photodynamic activity of zinc(II) phthalocyanine (), such as human nonsmall cell lung carcinoma cell lines, was investigated in this study. The singlet oxygen generation property of novel zinc(II) phthalocyanine () was also examined due to the significantly high singlet oxygen quantum yield of (F = 0.

Comparison of Brain Activation Between Different Modes of Motor Acquisition: A Functional Near-Infrared Study.

Background: Different modes of motor acquisition, including motor execution (ME), motor imagery (MI), action observation (AO), and mirror visual feedback (MVF), are often used when learning new motor behavior and in clinical rehabilitation.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate differences in brain activation during different motor acquisition modes among healthy young adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 29 healthy young adults.

Applicability of the decomposed theory of planned behavior for the evaluation of community-dwelling older adults' acceptance in continuous usage of robot-assisted board games for cognitive training.

Background: Improving cognitive function in healthy older adults is a global concern. Cognitive training delays mental deterioration. The utilization of robots and board games for aiding older adults in cognitive training represents a prominent technological trend and is a subject of meriting investigation.

The complete chloroplast genome of (Violaceae), an endemic species of the snowy region in Japan.

, a perennial herb in subsection , is endemic to the snowy mountainous regions on the Sea of Japan side of Japan. Its complete chloroplast genome was 156,056 bp in length, comprising one large single-copy region (86,407 bp), one small single-copy region (17,301 bp), and two inverted repeat regions (27,174 bp each). It contained 111 unique genes, including 77 protein-coding genes, 30 transfer RNA genes, and 4 ribosomal RNA genes.

Integrating microfluidic and bioprinting technologies: advanced strategies for tissue vascularization.

Tissue engineering offers immense potential for addressing the unmet needs in repairing tissue damage and organ failure. Vascularization, the development of intricate blood vessel networks, is crucial for the survival and functions of engineered tissues. Nevertheless, the persistent challenge of ensuring an ample nutrient supply within implanted tissues remains, primarily due to the inadequate formation of blood vessels.

Safety and efficacy of lamivudine/dolutegravir vs. bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in antiretroviral-naive adults with HIV-1 infection in Shanghai, China: a single-centre retrospective study.

Lamivudine plus dolutegravir (3TC/DTG) and bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) regimens are commonly used as first-line treatments for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) worldwide. There are limited comparative data on the antiviral activity and safety between these regimens in ART-naive PLWH, particularly in China, where the 3TC/DTG regimen was integrated into first-line therapy in 2021 and gained broader adoption after its inclusion in the National Health Insurance in 2022. This study aims to provide real-world evidence comparing the 3TC/DTG regimen to the B/F/TAF regimen in ART-naive PLWH in China.

An Interactive Virtual Reality Simulation Developed to Teach Oral Care Application Skills on Unconscious Patients: Effect on the Knowledge Level of Nursing Students.

A quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest research design was used in this study. For the purpose of the research, a computer-based and interactive virtual reality simulation for applying oral care on an unconscious patient was developed to be integrated into the existing nursing curriculum. It was concluded that the computer-based, interactive virtual reality simulation design developed for teaching oral care application on an unconscious patient had a high impact on education and the sense of presence.

Phylogenomic resolution of lampreys reveals the recent evolution of an ancient vertebrate lineage.

Jawless vertebrates once dominated Palaeozoic waters, but just two lineages have persisted to the present day: lampreys and hagfishes. Living lampreys are a relatively small clade, with just over 50 species described, but knowledge of their evolutionary relationships has always been based on either a few mitochondrial genes or a small number of taxa. Biogeographers have noted the disjunct antitropical distribution of living lamprey families.

School-based environment and physical activity in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of school environmental factors in promoting adolescents' physical activity.

Methods: A systematic search of five databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane Library) was conducted from the earliest available records up to September 2023. Meta-analyses were performed for each school environmental factor, provided that at least two studies reported on the association between that factor and adolescents' physical activity.

Peptide-functionalized gold nanostars-assisted single-cell Raman spectra for molecular analysis of tumor metastasis based on cancer stem cells.

Cancer is one of the most fatal diseases threatening public health globally, and tumor metastasis causes greater than 90 % of cancer-associated deaths, presenting huge challenges for detection and efficient treatment of various human cancers. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a rare population of cancer cells and increasing evidences indicated CSCs are the driving force of tumor metastasis. In this study, a p-AuNSs-assisted single-cell Raman spectra has been established, to extract and amplify of CSCs fingerprints with single cell sensitivity.

The Future of Giant Cell Arteritis Diagnosis and Management: A Systematic Review of Artificial Intelligence and Predictive Analytics.

Giant cell arteritis (GCA), a systemic vasculitis affecting large and medium-sized arteries, poses significant diagnostic and management challenges, particularly in preventing irreversible complications like vision loss. Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technologies, including machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), offer promising solutions to enhance diagnostic accuracy and optimize treatment strategies for GCA. This systematic review, conducted according to the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, synthesizes existing literature on AI applications in GCA care, with a focus on diagnostic accuracy, treatment outcomes, and predictive modeling.

First Experience With a Novel Self-Expandable Valve for Mitral Annular Calcification Guided by Three-Dimensional Printing.

Transcatheter mitral valve replacement (TMVR) may emerge as a surgical alternative for high-risk patients with severe mitral annular calcification (MAC), yet several questions remain to be addressed. We present the case of a 67-year-old high-risk female patient with severe MAC (MAC score = 8) and mitral stenosis (effective orifice area = 121.3 mm).

Anxiety mediated the relationship between bullying victimization and internet addiction in adolescents, and family support moderated the relationship.

Objective: This study aims to discuss anxiety in mediating role between bullying victimization and adolescent internet addiction, and the moderating role of family support between bullying victimization and adolescent anxiety.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 5 provinces of China by convenience sampling from February to March 2024. A total of 1395 participants (599 boys and 796 girls) with an average age of 15.

Near-Infrared Probes Designed with Hemicyanine Fluorophores Featuring Rhodamine and 1,8-Naphthalic Derivatives for Viscosity and HSA Detection in Live Cells.

This paper presents the development of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes, and , engineered from hemicyanine dyes with 1,8-naphthalic and rhodamine derivatives for optimized photophysical properties and precise mitochondrial targeting. Probes and exhibit absorption peaks at 737 nm and low fluorescence in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer. Notably, their fluorescence intensities, peaking at 684 () and 702 nm (), increase significantly with viscosity, as demonstrated through glycerol-to-PBS ratio experiments.