Twelve-Month Real-World Use of an Advanced Hybrid Closed-Loop System Versus Previous Therapy in a Dutch Center For Specialized Type 1 Diabetes Care.

Background: Complexity of glucose regulation in persons with type 1 diabetes (PWDs) necessitates increased automation of insulin delivery (AID). This study aimed to analyze real-world data over 12 months from PWDs who started using the MiniMed 780G (MM780G) advanced hybrid closed-loop (aHCL) AID system at the Diabeter clinic, focusing on glucometrics and clinical outcomes.

Methods: Persons with type 1 diabetes switching to the MM780G system were included.

Molecular landscape of the overlap between Alzheimer's disease and somatic insulin-related diseases.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial disease with both genetic and environmental factors contributing to its etiology. Previous evidence has implicated disturbed insulin signaling as a key mechanism that plays a role in both neurodegenerative diseases such as AD and comorbid somatic diseases such as diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2). In this study, we analysed available genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of AD and somatic insulin-related diseases and conditions (SID), i.

DXA images vs. pelvic radiographs: Reliability of hip morphology measurements.

Objective: Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) images are increasingly used to study hip morphology. Whether hip morphology measurements are consistent between DXA images and radiographs is unknown. Therefore, we investigated the agreement and reliability of the measurements performed on DXA images and radiographs.

Diversity of heart failure phenotypes in transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy. More than just heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Introduction: Current guidelines recommend suspecting transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM) in patients over 65 years of age with unexplained left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy in a non-dilated LV, heart failure (HF) and preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or severe aortic stenosis. However, there is evidence indicating a high prevalence of ATTR-CM in other HF phenotypes. As such, this study aimed to characterize the diversity of HF phenotypes of ATTR-CM by examining the LV ejection fraction and LV dilatation using echocardiography.

Inhibition Control by Continuous Extractive Fermentation Enhances De Novo 2-Phenylethanol Production by Yeast.

Current microbial cell factory methods for producing chemicals from renewable resources primarily rely on (fed-)batch production systems, leading to the accumulation of the desired product. Industrially relevant chemicals like 2-phenylethanol (2PE), a flavor and fragrance compound, can exhibit toxicity at low concentrations, inhibit the host activity, and negatively impact titer, rate, and yield. Batch liquid-liquid (L-L) In Situ Product Removal (ISPR) was employed to mitigate inhibition effects, but was not found sufficient for industrial-scale application.

An Overview of Software Sensor Applications in Biosystem Monitoring and Control.

This review highlights the critical role of software sensors in advancing biosystem monitoring and control by addressing the unique challenges biological systems pose. Biosystems-from cellular interactions to ecological dynamics-are characterized by intrinsic nonlinearity, temporal variability, and uncertainty, posing significant challenges for traditional monitoring approaches. A critical challenge highlighted is that what is typically measurable may not align with what needs to be monitored.

Symptomatic Vitreous Opacities: Exploring the Mismatch between Clinical Observation of Vitreous Alterations and Self-Reported Symptoms.

To assess the mismatch between the clinical observation of vitreous alterations and self-reported symptoms in young patients complaining of symptomatic vitreous opacities (SVO). The ophthalmic medical records of young patients presenting primarily with SVO were retrospectively evaluated. Symptoms severity was assessed using a questionnaire.

Effects of Different Photoperiods on Growth Performance, Glucose Metabolism, Acetylcholine, and Its Relative Acetylcholine Receptor Modulation in Broiler Chickens.

Photoperiods are crucial environmental factors in the growth and health of modern intensive broiler chicken production. To date, the effects of different photoperiods on glucose metabolism, acetylcholine (ACh), and its relative acetylcholine receptor modulation in broilers remain elusive. Herein, we aimed to identify the effects of different photoperiods on regulating glucose metabolism, ACh, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor alpha 4 (α4 nAChR) mRNA, and M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3 mAChR) modulation in broilers.

Effects of Different Photoperiods on Peripheral 5-Hydroxytryptamine Metabolism, Breast Muscle Glucose Metabolism, and Myopathies in Broilers.

: There is a close relationship between breast muscle glucose metabolism, peripheral 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), and myopathies in animals. Here, this study aimed to investigate the effects of different photoperiods on peripheral 5-HT metabolism, white striping (WS), and wooden breast (WB) in broilers. : A total of 216 healthy 5-day-old (d) Arbor Acres (AA) male broilers were randomly assigned to 12L:12D, 18L:6D, and 24L:0D photoperiods for 4 weeks.

Taste and smell are associated with dietary intake, eating behavior, nutritional status, and health-related quality of life in children with cancer.

Background & Aims: Smell and taste changes are frequently reported bothersome treatment symptoms during treatment for childhood cancer and assumed to influence outcomes such as food intake. Since nutritional status of children with cancer is already vulnerable, any detrimental effects on food intake should be prevented. Therefore, understanding the exact relationship between chemosensory changes and dietary intake, eating behavior, and other domains such as health-related quality of life (HRQoL), is important for improving outcomes.

A co-created citizen science project on the short term effects of outdoor residential woodsmoke on the respiratory health of adults in the Netherlands.

Background And Aim: Woodsmoke from household fireplaces contributes significantly to outdoor air pollution in the Netherlands. The current understanding of the respiratory health effects of exposure to smoke from residential wood burning is limited. This study investigated the association between short-term changes in outdoor woodsmoke exposure and lung function, respiratory symptoms, and medication use in adults in the Netherlands.

PSMA PET/CT for treatment response evaluation at predefined time points is superior to PSA response for predicting survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients.

Background: In metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), using serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels to evaluate treatment response is not always accurate. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of PSMA PET/CT at specific time points for evaluating treatment response and predicting survival in mCRPC patients, compared to PSA.

Methods: Sixty mCRPC patients underwent [F]PSMA-1007 PET/CT at baseline and for treatment response evaluation of either androgen receptor-targeted agents (after 3 months) or chemotherapy (after completion), and were retrospectively analysed.

Pesticides can be a substantial source of trifluoroacetate (TFA) to water resources.

Through the application of C-CF-containing plant protection products (PPP) in agriculture, a substantial quantity of trifluoroacetate (TFA) can be formed and emitted. We here present estimations of TFA formation potentials from PPP across three important economical regions, namely Europe, the United States of America and China. PPP with TFA formation potential vary in type and use profile across those regions, but can be found throughout, with the estimated maximum TFA emissions ranging from 0 to 83 kg/km per year.

Disease Activity in Pregnant and Postpartum Women With Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Ocrelizumab or Other Disease-Modifying Therapies.

Background And Objectives: Women with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at risk of disease reactivation in the early postpartum period. Ocrelizumab (OCR) is an anti-CD20 therapy highly effective at reducing MS disease activity. Data remain limited regarding use of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), including OCR, and disease activity during peripregnancy periods.

Frequency and characteristics of ectopic parathyroid adenomas in a cohort of patients referred for 18 F-fluorocholine PET/CT.

Aim: This article aimed to study the frequency and characteristics of ectopic/intrathyroidal parathyroid adenomas in patients referred for 18 F-fluorocholine PET/computed tomography (CT).

Patients And Methods: From 11 June 2015 to 15 January 2024, 729 patients were studied. Recorded patient variables included hyperparathyroidism type, sex, age, presence of symptoms, renal involvement, bone involvement, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and serum calcium, phosphate, and vitamin D as well as 24-h urine calcium excretion.

Thyroid hormone receptor-β analogues for the treatment of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH).

The association between suboptimal thyroid function ((sub)clinical hypothyroidism or low-normal thyroid function) and the metabolic syndrome and MASLD (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease) has been clearly established. Furthermore, in MASLD, intracellular thyroid hormone concentrations are low and the activation of the thyroid hormone receptor (THR) is reduced. Administration of thyroid hormone has been shown to reduce liver triglycerides by stimulating fatty acid disposal through lipophagy and beta-oxidation, and to lower LDL-cholesterol.

Potential New Methods to Analyze Basal and Total Endogenous Protein Losses of Host and Bacterial Origin in Pigs.

Background: Current systems for assessing protein quality such as the Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score correct apparent amino acid (AA) digestibility for basal endogenous protein losses (bEPL), ignoring the potential influence of the diet on these losses. However, the quantification of total endogenous protein losses (tEPL) poses a challenge.

Objectives: To evaluate different methods for quantifying tEPL and bEPL, and to assess their potential in discriminating between tEPL originating from bacteria and host.

Pigs Can Detect Multiple Amino Acid Deficiencies in a Choice Feeding Setting.

Background: It is unknown whether pigs can detect deficiencies in multiple amino acids (AA) and consequently change their feed choice.

Objectives: We investigated whether pigs compensate for a diet deficient in three AA (Thr, Trp, and Val) by selecting multiple diets and whether this compensation is affected by the supplemented AA concentration.

Methods: Pair-housed 5-wk-old pigs (n = 96) were exposed to one of four treatments: 1) AA-adequate: offered a low-protein (LP) diet adequate in AA for growth (LP); 2) AA-deficient: offered LP diet deficient in Thr, Trp, and Val by 20% (LP); 3) Two-choice between LP and LP; and 4) Four-choice between LP and three diets supplemented with Thr, Trp, Val at +40% (n = 12 pens/treatment) from d0 to d21 (phase 1).

Actions of thyroid hormones and thyromimetics on the liver.

Thyroid hormones (triiodothyronine and thyroxine) are pivotal for metabolic balance in the liver and entire body. Dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis can contribute to hepatic metabolic disturbances, affecting lipid metabolism, glucose regulation and protein synthesis. In addition, reductions in circulating and intrahepatic thyroid hormone concentrations increase the risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease by inducing lipotoxicity, inflammation and fibrosis.

The expanding field of genetic developmental and epileptic encephalopathies: current understanding and future perspectives.

Recent advances in genetic testing technologies have revolutionised the identification of genetic abnormalities in early onset developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs). In this Review, we provide an update on the expanding landscape of genetic factors contributing to DEEs, encompassing over 800 reported genes. We focus on the cellular and molecular mechanisms driving epileptogenesis, with an emphasis on emerging therapeutic strategies and effective treatment options.