Intranasal delivery of pro-resolving lipid mediators rescues memory and gamma oscillation impairment in App mice.

Sustained microglial activation and increased pro-inflammatory signalling cause chronic inflammation and neuronal damage in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Resolution of inflammation follows neutralization of pathogens and is a response to limit damage and promote healing, mediated by pro-resolving lipid mediators (LMs). Since resolution is impaired in AD brains, we decided to test if intranasal administration of pro-resolving LMs in the App mouse model for AD could resolve inflammation and ameliorate pathology in the brain.

Recent Approaches in the Catalytic Transformation of Biomass-Derived 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural into 2,5-Diformylfuran.

The conversion of biomass into a great variety of valuable chemicals, polymers, and fuels gives a sustainable alternative for the insufficiency of non-renewable fossil fuel resources and reduces environmental pollution. 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), converted from sustainable carbohydrates, is a significant building block chemical, and the selective oxidation of HMF into 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) presents an ongoing challenge. DFF is a versatile platform molecule derived from biomass and has promising application in pharmaceuticals and polymers.

"I refused to drink but they still forced me": A mixed-methods approach to understanding the pathways to reduce alcohol use among Vietnamese people with HIV.

Aims: This study explores the effects of two evidence-based alcohol reduction counseling interventions on readiness to change, alcohol abstinence self-efficacy, social support, and alcohol abstinence stigma among people with HIV (PWH) who have hazardous alcohol use in Vietnam.

Methods: PWH receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) were screened for hazardous drinking and randomized to one of three study arms: combined intervention (CoI), brief intervention (BI), and standard of care (SOC). A quantitative survey was conducted at baseline (N = 440) and 3-month post-intervention (N = 405), while in-depth interviews were conducted with a subset of BI and CoI participants at baseline (N = 14) and 3 months (N = 14).

Impact of 5-fluorouracil on anaerobic digestion using sewage sludge.

The role of bacterial interaction is vital to control bacterial functions; however, it has not been fully understood in microbial consortia (including anaerobic digestion). In this study, fluorouracil (FU), which is an anticancer agent and a quorum sensing (QS) inhibitor to some of the Gram-negative bacteria was found to inhibit methane production from sewage sludge under anaerobic conditions, as shown in a result where methane production in the presence of FU was eight times lower than the control (sewage sludge without FU). Whereas FU did not influence the hydrolysis process, in the acidogenesis/acetogenesis process, butyrate, and acetate accumulated in samples with FU.

Insights into Electronucleation and Electrodeposition of Nickel from a Non-aqueous Solvent Based on NiCl·6HO Dissolved in Ethylene Glycol.

This work deals with nickel electronucleation and growth processes onto a glassy carbon electrode from NiCl·6HO dissolved in ethylene glycol (EG) solutions with and without 250 mM NaCl as a supporting electrolyte. The physicochemical properties of EG solutions, namely, viscosity and conductivity, were determined for different Ni(II) concentrations. From cyclic voltammetry, it was found that in the absence of the supporting electrolyte, the cathodic efficiency of Ni electrodeposition is about 88%; however, in the presence of the supporting electrolyte, the cathodic efficiency was reduced to 26% due to water (added along the supporting electrolyte) reduction on the growing surfaces of Ni nuclei.

Prospects of MXenes in energy storage applications.

The transition metal carbides/nitrides referred to as MXenes has emerged as a wonder material presenting newer opportunities owing to their unique properties such as high thermal and electrical conductivity, high negative zeta-potential and mechanical properties similar to the parent transition metal carbides/nitrides. These properties of MXenes can be utilized in various societal applications including for energy storage and energy conversion. In this focused review, we provide a ready glance into the evolutionary development of the MXene family and various efforts that are made globally towards property improvement and performance enhancement.

Azepanodipterocarpol is potential candidate for inhibits influenza H1N1 type among other lupane, oleanane, and dammarane A-ring amino-triterpenoids.

A series of lupane-, oleanane- and dammarane-based triterpenoids with 3β-amino, A-ring azepano- and 3,4-seco-fragments has been synthesized and evaluated for antiviral activity against influenza A(H1N1) virus. It was found that azepanodipterocarpol 8 and 3β-amino-28-oxoallobetulin 11 showed antiviral activity with IC 1.1 and 2.

A portable ascorbic acid in sweat analysis system based on highly crystalline conductive nickel-based metal-organic framework (Ni-MOF).

Conductive metal-organic frameworks can provide unique porous structures, large pore volumes, many catalytically active sites and high crystallinity, and so are becoming increasingly important and attractive as electrocatalytic materials. The present work synthesized nanorods of the conductive compound Ni(2,3,6,7,10,11-hexaiminotriphenylene) (Ni(HITP)) with a high degree of crystallinity from HITP ligands and Ni ions. Screen-printed electrodes made with this material were employed to fabricate an enzyme-free sensor for the detection of ascorbic acid (AA).

Diversity of associated banana wilt in northern Viet Nam.

is one of the most important fungal genera of plant pathogens that affect the cultivation of a wide range of crops. Agricultural losses caused by Fusariumoxysporumf.sp.

Evaluating the cost utility of racecadotril in addition to oral rehydration solution versus oral rehydration solution alone for children with acute watery diarrhea in four low middle-income countries: Egypt, Morocco, Philippines and Vietnam.

Aim: To evaluate the cost utility of adjunct racecadotril and oral rehydration solution (R + ORS) versus oral rehydration solution (ORS) alone for the treatment of diarrhoea in children under five years with acute watery diarrhoea in four low-middle income countries.

Method: A cost utility model, previously developed and independently validated, has been adapted to Egypt, Morocco, Philippines and Vietnam. The model is a decision tree, cohort model programmed in Microsoft Excel.

The number of tree species on Earth.

One of the most fundamental questions in ecology is how many species inhabit the Earth. However, due to massive logistical and financial challenges and taxonomic difficulties connected to the species concept definition, the global numbers of species, including those of important and well-studied life forms such as trees, still remain largely unknown. Here, based on global ground-sourced data, we estimate the total tree species richness at global, continental, and biome levels.

Morphology, Mechanical, and Water Barrier Properties of Carboxymethyl Rice Starch Films: Sodium Hydroxide Effect.

Carboxymethyl rice starch films were prepared from carboxymethyl rice starch (CMSr) treated with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 10-50% /. The objective of this research was to determine the effect of NaOH concentrations on morphology, mechanical properties, and water barrier properties of the CMSr films. The degree of substitution (DS) and morphology of native rice starch and CMSr powders were examined.

Molecular analysis of genes involved in chitin degradation from the chitinolytic bacterium Bacillus velezensis.

Bacillus velezensis RB.IBE29 is a potent biocontrol agent with high chitinase activity isolated from the rhizosphere of black pepper cultivated in the Central Highlands, Vietnam. Genome sequences revealed that this species possesses some GH18 chitinases and AA10 protein(s); however, these enzymes have not been experimentally characterized.

Who Influences the Public Intention to Get a COVID-19 Vaccine and What are the Public References and Concerns? A Population Survey in Vietnam.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine acceptance is influenced by the trusted recommenders. This survey examined the public references, concerns, and trust in seven groups of recommenders regarding COVID-19 vaccine in Vietnam.

Materials And Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1,579 participants between April 16 and July 16, 2021.

Optimizing Traffic Engineering for Resilient Services in NFV-Based Connected Autonomous Vehicles.

The massive amount of data generated daily by various sensors equipped with connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) can lead to a significant performance issue of data processing and transfer. Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is a promising approach to improving the performance of a CAV system. In an NFV framework, Virtual Network Function (VNF) instances can be placed in edge and cloud servers and connected together to enable a flexible CAV service with low latency.

Highly sensitive and low-cost colourimetric detection of glucose and ascorbic acid based on silver nanozyme biosynthesized by Gleditsia australis fruit.

In this study, a simple, eco-friendly and low-cost approach was used to fabricate silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) from an aqueous extract of Gleditsia australis (GA) fruit. The nanoparticles synthesized in the optimal condition have an average size of 14 nm. The peroxidase-like activity of GA-AgNP in the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in combination with hydrogen peroxide (HO) was investigated.

α-Amyrin and β-Amyrin Isolated from Leaves and Their Antioxidant, Anti-Xanthine Oxidase, and Anti-Tyrosinase Potentials.

is a popular medicinal plant in Vietnam and Southeast Asian countries as well as in South America. In this study, an amount of 12.05 g of an α-amyrin and β-amyrin mixture was isolated from (10.

Electrochemical sensor to detect terbutaline in biological samples by a green agent.

In this research, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) which is a form of graphene oxide (GO) was formed through a reduction process using a "green agent" called Ascorbic acid (AA). RGO was then modified on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) to generate RGO/GCE (an advanced electrode). The RGO/GCE was then used to detect Terbutaline (TB) in urine samples of volunteer athletes (n = 5) using well-known spectrophotometric analyses including X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and Raman and electrochemical methods using voltammetric analyses such as differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DP-ASV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV).

Formulation and characterization of hydroxyethyl cellulose-based gel containing metronidazole-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles for buccal mucosal drug delivery.

Local delivery of drug is a promising strategy to manage periodontitis characterized by chronic inflammation of the soft tissue surrounding the teeth. An optimized system should prolong the drug retention time and exhibit controlled drug permeation through the buccal mucosal layer. This study was aimed to develop hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)-based gel containing metronidazole (MTZ) loaded in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and to enhance the antimicrobial activity of MTZ.

Antiviral Activities of Andrographolide and Its Derivatives: Mechanism of Action and Delivery System.

(Burm.f.) Nees has been used as a traditional medicine in Asian countries, especially China, India, Vietnam, Malaysia, and Indonesia.

Prevalence and risk factors of food insecurity among Libyan migrant families in Australia.

Background: The burden of food insecurity remains a public health challenge even in high income countries, such as Australia, and especially among culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) communities. While research has been undertaken among several migrant communities in Australia, there is a knowledge gap about food security within some ethnic minorities such as migrants from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This study aims to determine the prevalence and correlates of food insecurity among Libyan migrant families in Australia.

Alpha-mangostin dephosphorylates ERM to induce adhesion and decrease surface stiffness in KG-1 cells.

Surface stiffness is a unique indicator of various cellular states and events and needs to be tightly controlled. α-Mangostin, a natural compound with numerous bioactivities, reduces the mechanical stiffness of various cells; however, the mechanism by which it affects the actin cytoskeleton remains unclear. We aimed to elucidate the mechanism underlying α-mangostin activity on the surface stiffness of leukocytes.

Effects of Two Alcohol Reduction Interventions on Depression and Anxiety Symptoms of ART Clients in Vietnam.

Little is known about the potential mental health impacts of cognitive behavioral therapy and motivational interviewing interventions that focus on alcohol reduction among people with HIV (PWH). Our study aimed to assess the impact of two evidence-based alcohol reduction interventions on depression and anxiety symptoms of antiretroviral therapy (ART) clients with hazardous alcohol use. We conducted a secondary data analysis of data from a three-arm randomized controlled trial among ART clients in Thai Nguyen, Vietnam that evaluated the impacts of two alcohol reduction interventions in Vietnam.

Large spatio-temporal variations of size-resolved particulate matter and volatile organic compounds in urban area with heavy traffic.

A monitoring campaign, the first of this kind for a heavy traffic urban area of Vietnam, was conducted which generated nearly 200 daily filter samples of PM, PM, and black carbon (BC), 1300 online hourly PMx (PM, PM, and PM), 900 hourly/bi-hourly BTEX data, 700 h of traffic counts, and online meteorology records. PMx and BTEX levels show large horizontal gradients across this small urban area of 300 m width suggesting that the pollution data should be generated with sufficient spatial resolutions for assessment of the exposure and health effects. This paper focuses on analyzing PMx with reference to the previously published BTEX to provide a more complete picture of the traffic-related pollution in the area.