Outlier detection of clustered functional data with image and signal processing applications by archetype analysis.

In this study, we introduce an innovative methodology for anomaly detection of curves, applicable to both multivariate and multi-argument functions. This approach distinguishes itself from prior methods by its capability to identify outliers within clustered functional data sets. We achieve this by extending the recent AA + kNN technique, originally designed for multivariate analysis, to functional data contexts.

Vitamin D metabolism-related single nucleotide polymorphisms in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease risk.

Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the world's major public health problems. It is characterized by a major inflammatory response, where vitamin D, due to its role in regulating the immune system, and genetic variants involved in its metabolism may play an essential role. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between 13 polymorphisms related to vitamin D metabolism and the COPD risk.

Vedolizumab to prevent postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease (REPREVIO): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Approximately half of patients with Crohn's disease require ileocolonic resection. Of these, 50% will subsequently have endoscopic disease recurrence within 1 year. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vedolizumab to prevent postoperative recurrence of Crohn's disease.

Nurses' reported training needs for advanced cell therapies: a survey on behalf of the Nurses Group of the EBMT.

Background: Advanced Therapy Medicinal Products (ATMPs) for human use have advanced globally with the rapid adoption of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies in haemato-oncology. CAR-T cell therapy and ATMPs have unique, significant acute and chronic toxicities, and appropriate patient care is crucial. Significant challenges, including the need for nurse education and training, accompany optimal patient success and benefits.

Respiratory symptoms among e-cigarette users without an established smoking history in the VERITAS cohort.

Prior research on e-cigarettes' health impacts is inconclusive due to confounding by previous tobacco smoking. Studies of e-cigarette use among people without an established smoking history are informative for this question. A cross-sectional survey was administered across six geopolitical world regions to adults aged 18+ without a history of established cigarette smoking or regular use of other nicotine/tobacco products.

Setmelanotide in patients aged 2-5 years with rare MC4R pathway-associated obesity (VENTURE): a 1 year, open-label, multicenter, phase 3 trial.

Background: Setmelanotide, a melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) agonist, has been shown to reduce hunger and weight in patients aged 6 years and older with proopiomelanocortin (POMC) deficiency (including biallelic variants in proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 1 [PCSK1]), leptin receptor (LEPR) deficiency, or Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS). No approved therapies for patients younger than 6 years old currently exist. The phase 3, open-label VENTURE trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of setmelanotide in patients aged 2-5 years with POMC or LEPR deficiency or BBS.

Increase in dairy production of goats with subclinical nematode infection using injectable eprinomectin.

The effect of the treatment with an injectable product containing eprinomectin on milk yield, milk composition, and somatic cell count (SCC) was investigated in naturally infected dairy goats with low gastrointestinal nematode faecal egg and pulmonary larval counts. The study involved 394 lactating goats and was conducted on a farm in southern Spain. Before treatment, faeces from all animals were analysed to establish two homogeneous groups according to the gastrointestinal nematode egg counts (185 treated and 209 untreated).

Temporal dynamics of neurovascular unit changes following blood-brain barrier opening in the putamen of non-human primates.

Low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) combined with intravenously circulating microbubbles has recently emerged as a novel approach for increasing delivery through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This technique safely and transiently enables therapeutic agents to overcome the BBB, which typically poses a significant obstacle for treatment of brain disorders. However, the full impact of LIFU on the entire neurovascular unit (NVU), as well as the mechanisms and factors involved in restoring BBB integrity still require further elucidation.

Upcycling of melanoidin-rich Chinese distilled spent grain through solid-state fermentation by Aspergillus awamori.

This study investigated the upcycling of distilled spent grain (DSG), a melanoidin-rich by-product of the Chinese liquor industry, via fungal solid-state fermentation (SSF). Two fungi, Aspergillus oryzae and Aspergillus awamori, were tested, with A. awamori growing better on DSG than A.

Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma of salivary glands.

Sclerosing mucoepidermoid carcinoma (SMEC) of the salivary glands is a rare variant of low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma with scanty cellular atypia characterized by marked fibrosis/sclerosis and a rich inflammatory infiltrate. Herein, we report 25 unpublished cases of SMEC, two of them with prominent eosinophilia (2/25; 8%) and three with abundant IgG4-positive plasma cells (3/25; 12%). In our series of salivary SMEC, molecular analysis using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and/or next-generation sequencing (NGS) provided evidence of MAML2 gene rearrangement in 18 cases of the 21 analyzable cases tested (86%), while this gene locus was intact in 3 cases (14%).

Melanoma-on-a-chip model for anticancer drug injecting delivery method.

The pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries are encountering a challenge in adopting new study models for product development. there has been a growing interest in organ-on-a-chip systems, and particularly for generating skin models. While numerous alternatives replicating high-fidelity skin models exist, there is a notable absence of melanoma study's methodology specifically on these microfluidic chips.

Development and validation of the Epilepsy Perceived Stress Inventory for Adults (EPSI-A): A pilot study.

Introduction: Stress is one of the most common trigger factors for epileptic seizures and is strongly related to clinical and emotional variables. Despite its influence in the course of the disease, there is an absence of instruments for measuring perceived stress in people with drug-resistant epilepsy. Therefore, this study develops and validates the Epilepsy Perceived Stress Inventory for Adults (EPSI-A), a self-report inventory in Spanish designed to quantify perceived chronic stress in this population.

Designing a molecularly imprinted polymer-based electrochemical sensor for the sensitive and selective detection of the antimalarial chloroquine phosphate.

For the first time an electrochemical sensor based on nanomaterial-supported molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) is applied to the sensitive and specific determination of chloroquine phosphate (CHL). The sensor was produced using an electropolymerization (EP) approach, and it was formed on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using CHL as a template and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and aniline (ANI) as functional monomers. Incorporating Prussian blue polyethyleneglycol-amine nanoparticles (PB@PEG-NH) in the MIP-based electrochemical sensor increased the active surface area and porosity.

Comparative genomics reveals carbohydrate enzymatic fluctuations and herbivorous adaptations in arthropods.

Background: Arthropods represent the largest and most diverse phylum on Earth, playing a pivotal role in the biosphere. One key to their evolutionary success is their ability to feed on plant material. However, their endogenous enzymatic repertoire, which contributes to plant digestion, remains largely unexplored and poorly understood.

Metric geometry of spaces of persistence diagrams.

Persistence diagrams are objects that play a central role in topological data analysis. In the present article, we investigate the local and global geometric properties of spaces of persistence diagrams. In order to do this, we construct a family of functors , , that assign, to each metric pair (, ), a pointed metric space .

Gaps in biomedical research in frontotemporal dementia: A call for diversity and disparities focused research.

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is one of the leading causes of young-onset dementia before age 65, typically manifesting as abnormal behavior (in behavioral variant FTD) or language impairment (in primary progressive aphasia). Although FTD affects all populations across the globe, knowledge regarding the pathophysiology and genetics derives primarily from studies conducted in North America and Western Europe. Globally, biomedical research for FTD is hindered by variable access to diagnosis, discussed in this group's earlier article, and by reduced access to expertise, funding, and infrastructure.

Investigating the Presence of Selenoneine, Ergothioneine, and Selenium-Containing Biomolecules in Fish and Fish-Derived Commercial Products.

Two potent antioxidants, selenoneine and ergothioneine, have been determined simultaneously for the first time in the muscle of highly consumed fish and in fish-derived products. The extraction methods were optimized, and their subsequent analysis was performed by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. Best extraction efficiency (106 ± 3 and 104 ± 5%) was attained by performing a simple aqueous extraction containing 100 mmol L ammonium acetate or ammonium formate as extractants.