6'-sialyllactose prevents dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy by controlling the muscle protein degradation pathway.

Sarcopenia is associated with various geriatric diseases, such as gait disorders, falls, malnutrition, and osteoporosis. Accordingly, interest in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia has grown over the years. The human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) 6'-sialyllactose (6'-SL) is known to improve exercise performance, reduce muscle fatigue, and improve GNE myopathy; however, its effect on sarcopenia has not yet been reported.

Patient-Reported Adverse Events Among Elderly Patients Receiving Novel Oral COVID-19 Antivirals: A Nationwide Sampled Survey in Korea.

Background: There is a dearth of research on the factors linked with adverse events (AEs) associated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NMVr) and molnupiravir (MOL), particularly in the elderly. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate self-reported AEs and identify factors associated with the occurrence of AEs following NMVr or MOL treatment among survey participants aged 60 years or older in South Korea.

Methods: This nationwide survey was conducted through in-person interviews using structured questionnaires, from July 24 to August 31, 2023.

Membrane-immobilized gemcitabine for cancer-targetable NK cell surface engineering.

Although natural killer (NK) cell-based adoptive cell transfer (ACT) has shown promise in cancer immunotherapy, its efficacy against solid tumors is limited in the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Combinatorial therapies involving chemotherapeutic drugs such as gemcitabine (Gem) and NK cells have been developed to modulate the TME; however, their clinical application is constrained by low drug delivery efficiency and significant off-target toxicity. In this study, we developed cell membrane-immobilized Gem conjugates (, lipid-Gem conjugates), designed to anchor seamlessly onto NK cell surfaces.

Parishin A Inhibits Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma via the AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is an aggressive cancer with limited treatment options. Parishin A, a natural compound derived from , possesses multiple therapeutic properties. However, its effects on OSCC remain unexplored.

Introgression of Herbicide-Resistant Gene from Genetically Modified L. to through Backcrossing.

Interspecific hybridization between two different Brassicaceae species, namely ssp. (♀) (AA, 2n = 2x = 20) and genetically modified (♂) (AACC, 2n = 4x = 38), was performed to study the transmission of a herbicide resistance gene from a tetraploid to a diploid species. Initially, four different GM lines were used for hybridization with via hand pollination.

Therapeutic Effects of on Intestinal Inflammation and Network Pharmacological Mechanism Analysis in a Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Mouse Model.

(1) Background: IBD (inflammatory bowel disease) is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation leading to persistent symptoms and a lack of effective treatments. ZP () has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties for the management of intestinal disorders. (2) Methods: This study aimed to investigate the components of ZP, their specific targets, and associated diseases using the TCMSP (Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology) analysis platform, TCMBank database, and ETCM2.

Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition Criteria and Immunonutritional Status Predict Chemoadherence and Survival in Stage II/III Gastric Cancer Treated with XELOX Chemotherapy.

Backgroud: Adjuvant chemotherapy is crucial for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer. However, various factors negatively impact chemoadherence, with malnutrition after gastrectomy being a critical determinant. This study aims to analyze the impact of malnutrition, assessed through the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) and other immunonutritional indices, on chemoadherence and its subsequent effect on survival.

Hepatitis B Virus X Protein Induces Reactive Oxygen Species Generation via Activation of p53 in Human Hepatoma Cells.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV), particularly through the HBx protein, induces oxidative stress during liver infections. This study reveals that HBx increases reactive oxygen species (ROS) via two distinct mechanisms. The first mechanism is p53-independent, likely involving mitochondrial dysfunction, as demonstrated by elevated ROS levels in p53-deficient Hep3B cells and p53-knocked-down HepG2 cells after HBx expression or HBV infection.

Antibiofilm and antivirulence potentials of iodinated fmoc-phenylalanine against Staphylococcus aureus.

Staphylococcus aureus poses significant risks to public health due to its ability to form biofilm and produce virulence factors, contributing to the increase in antibiotic resistance and treatment complications. This emphasizes the urgent need for novel antimicrobial controls. Based on the premise that halogenation improves antimicrobial efficacy, this study investigated the ability of halogenated phenylalanine to effectively inhibit S.

Fungal degradation of phenylacetate focusing on CRISPR/Cas9-assisted characterization of two oxidative enzyme genes of Akanthomyces muscarius AM1091.

The degradation of phenylacetate (PA) was investigated as a model to explore aromatic compound breakdown in the fungal system. Fungal strains capable of utilizing PA as their sole carbon source were isolated using a minimal solid medium supplemented with 0.5 % PA.

sp. nov., an actinobacterium isolated from the gut of marine sandworm ().

A novel Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative and ovoid cocci, designated as A1S7, was isolated from the gut of a marine sandworm (). Strain A1S7 exhibited optimal growth at temperatures of 20-30 ℃, pH 6-8 and in the presence of 2-4% (w/v) NaCl. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain A1S7 belonged to the genus , exhibiting a similarity of 99.

Stereochemical influence of 4'-methyl substitutions on truncated 4'-thioadenosine derivatives: Impact on A adenosine receptor binding and antagonism.

Herein, we investigated the stereochemical effects of 4'-methyl substitution on A adenosine receptor (AAR) ligands by synthesizing and evaluating a series of truncated 4'-thioadenosine derivatives featuring 4'-α-methyl, 4'-β-methyl, and 4',4'-dimethyl substitutions. We successfully synthesized these derivatives, using the stereoselective addition of an organometallic reagent, KSAc-mediated sulfur cyclization, and Vorbrüggen condensation. Binding assays demonstrated that the 4'-β-methyl substitution conferred the highest affinity for AAR, with compound 1 h exhibiting a K = 3.

Association Between Serum Vitamin D Levels and Periodontal Conditions According to Sleep Duration Using Data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D levels and periodontitis according to sleep duration in a representative sample of Korean adults.

Materials And Methods: A total of 3535 subjects who participated in the sixth (2013-2014) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were examined. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a 25-hydroxyvitamin D serum concentration of 20 ng/ml.

sp. nov., isolated from the rhizospheric soils of bell pepper ( L.).

Two separate bacterial strains, PMTSA4 and PMR2A8, were isolated from the rhizospheric soils of bell pepper plants grown in a plant nursery. These strains are Gram-negative, non-motile and rod-shaped and grow in aerobic conditions. They exhibit a positive reaction for catalase activity but negative results for oxidase activity.

Mitoquinone improves porcine embryo development through modulating oxidative stress and mitochondrial function.

Oxidative stress caused by excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the main causes of low efficiency in in vitro production of embryos. These ROS can cause mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis, resulting in poor embryo development. Therefore, to prevent mitochondrial damage and apoptosis caused by ROS, we investigated the effects of mitoquinone (MitoQ), a mitochondrial-targeted antioxidant, on the in vitro culture (IVC) of porcine embryos.

Taurolidine Irrigation Reduces Relapse and Recurrence of Hemodialysis Access Infection.

Background: Infection of hemodialysis access is a clinically important concern and can lead to increased morbidity and mortality among patients on hemodialysis. In this study, we aimed to determine whether using taurolidine as an irrigating antiseptic after drainage of pus or removal of infected tissue and graft during surgery decreases the relapse and recurrence of infection.

Methods: Between January 2016 and December 2023, 48 episodes in 38 patients hospitalized and treated for hemodialysis access infections were examined.

High glucose condition aggravates inflammatory response induced by Porphyromonas gingivalis in THP-1 macrophages via autophagy inhibition.

Background: Porphyromonase gingivalis (P. gingivalis) is a type of bacteria that causes periodontitis, which is strongly correlated with systemic diseases such as diabetes. However, the effect of hyperglycemia on periodontitis are unclear.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from the roots of Makino and W. Becker with plant growth-promoting potential.

Two novel Gram-positive strains, chi10 and PFR10, were isolated from the roots of Makino and W. Becker, respectively. The strains are facultatively aerobic, rod-shaped, motile via peritrichous flagella and endospore-forming.

An Estimation of the Requirements of the Standardized Ileal Digestible Tryptophan, Valine, Isoleucine and Methionine on Young Pigs' (Up to 50 kg) Feed Efficiency: A Meta-Regression Analysis.

Currently, the NRC amino acid (AA) requirements for pigs published in 2012 are used as a reference in variable swine industries. However, recent results in several articles suggest that the standardized ileal digestible (SID) AA-lysine (Lys) ratio significantly evolved over the last two decades, while some publications report inconsistent outcomes. Therefore, the present study used a meta-regression analysis to assess the relative ratio to lysine to maximize the feed efficiency of four essential amino acids (tryptophan, valine, isoleucine, and methionine) in pig diets.