Unraveling the mechanisms of multiple resistance across glyphosate and glufosinate in Eleusine indica.

The herbicides glyphosate and glufosinate are commonly used in citrus and sugarcane orchards in Guangxi Province, China, wherein the C plant Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn. is known to be a dominant weed species.

Complete genome sequence of a new poacevirus infecting wild oat (Avena fatua L.) in France.

Using a high-throughput sequencing (HTS) approach, we report the discovery of a new poacevirus (family Potyviridae) in symptomatic wild oat (Avena fatua L.) plants collected near Bordeaux, France, in June 2023. A nearly complete genome sequence of 10,292 nucleotides (nt) was obtained.

The Altered Lipid Composition and Key Lipid Metabolic Enzymes in Thiacloprid-Resistant , with Special Attention Paid to the Function of .

Neonicotinoid resistance is increasingly prevalent in the agricultural pest . Lipids play a critical role in insect defense systems, but their contribution to insect neonicotinoid resistance is disregarded. We conducted metabolomics and transcriptomics studies on thiacloprid-resistant (THG-R) and -susceptible (FFJ-S) populations.

sp. nov., a novel protease-producing and cellulose-degrading actinobacterium isolated from soil.

A novel protease-producing and cellulose-degrading actinobacterium, designated strain NEAU-NG30, was isolated from a melon rhizosphere soil sample collected in Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China, and established its status using a polyphasic taxonomic study. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain NEAU-NG30 was closely related to Amycolatopsis bullii DSM 45802 (98.7%) and Amycolatopsis vancoresmycina DSM 44592 (98.

Seed Coating with Thiamethoxam-Induced Plant Volatiles Mediates the Olfactory Behavior of .

Pesticides can induce target plants to release odors that are attractive or repellent to their herbivore insects. But, to date, the activity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), singly or as mixtures, which play a crucial role in the olfactory behavior of herbivore insects, remains unclear. The objective of our research was to investigate the impact of thiamethoxam (TMX), a pesticide, on the emission of odors by wheat plants, and how these odors influence the behavior of grain aphids ().

Pesticides can be a substantial source of trifluoroacetate (TFA) to water resources.

Through the application of C-CF-containing plant protection products (PPP) in agriculture, a substantial quantity of trifluoroacetate (TFA) can be formed and emitted. We here present estimations of TFA formation potentials from PPP across three important economical regions, namely Europe, the United States of America and China. PPP with TFA formation potential vary in type and use profile across those regions, but can be found throughout, with the estimated maximum TFA emissions ranging from 0 to 83 kg/km per year.

Sublethal effect of emamectin benzoate on age-stage, two-sex life table and population projection of red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus.

The red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus Olivier, is a devastating insect-pest of 29 plants including date palm. It feeds inside the tree bark thus it is difficult to manage using insecticides. Only a few insecticides have been found effective against RPW.

N-Methyladenosine RNA Modification Regulates Maize Resistance to Maize Chlorotic Mottle Virus Infection.

Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) is one of the main viruses causing significant losses in maize. N-methyladenosine (mA) RNA modification has been proven to play important regulatory roles in plant development and stress response. In this study, we found that MCMV infection significantly up-regulated the mA level in maize, and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) were performed to investigate the distribution of mA modified peaks and gene expression patterns in MCMV-infected maize plants.

First insight into the formation of transformation products of a biopesticide guvermectin in rat and its health risk.

Guvermectin is a new chemical isolated from the microbial metabolites and is registered as a novel plant growth regulator. However, the biotransformation behavior and toxicity of guvermectin to mammals remain unclear and have unknown implications for consumers or occupationally exposed persons. Therefore, we investigated the biotransformation of guvermectin in vivo and in vitro, its effects on CYP450s activities, and its oral toxicity in rats.

Abamectin exposure causes chronic toxicity and trypsin/chymotrypsin damages in Chironomus kiiensis Tokunaga (Diptera: Chironomidae).

Abamectin has been extensively used in paddy fields to control insect pests. However, little information is available regarding its effects on non-target insects. In this study, we performed acute (3rd instar larvae) and chronic toxicity (newly hatched larvae <24 h) to determine the toxicity effects of abamectin on Chironomus kiiensis.

Transcriptome-wide N-methyladenosine profiling reveals growth-defense trade-offs in the response of rice to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) infestation.

Background: N-Methyladenosine (mA) is a common messenger RNA (mRNA) modification that affects various physiological processes in stress responses. However, the role of mA modifications in plants responses to herbivore stress remains unclear.

Results: Here, we found that an infestation of brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) female adults enhanced the resistance of rice to N.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from soil.

Two pink-pigmented bacteria, designated strains NEAU-140 and NEAU-K, were isolated from field soil collected from Linyi, Shandong Province, PR China. Both isolates were aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, and facultatively methylotrophic. 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis showed that these two strains belong to the genus .

Influence of Drought Stress on the Rhizosphere Bacterial Community Structure of Cassava ( Crantz).

Drought presents a significant abiotic stress that threatens crop productivity worldwide. Rhizosphere bacteria play pivotal roles in modulating plant growth and resilience to environmental stresses. Despite this, the extent to which rhizosphere bacteria are instrumental in plant responses to drought, and whether distinct cassava ( Crantz) varieties harbor specific rhizosphere bacterial assemblages, remains unclear.

Transcriptomic and proteomic elucidation of Z chromosome dosage compensation in Helicoverpa armigera.

Transcriptomic data have been used to study sex chromosome dosage compensation (SCDC) in approximately 10 Lepidoptera ZW species, yielding a consensus compensation pattern of Z It remains unclear whether this compensation pattern holds when examining more Lepidoptera ZW species and/or using proteomic data to analyse SCDC. Here we combined transcriptomic and proteomic data as well as transcriptional level of six individual Z genes to reveal the SCDC pattern in Helicoverpa armigera, a polyphagous lepidopteran pest of economic importance. Transcriptomic analysis showed that the Z chromosome expression of H.

microRNA-8514-5p regulates adipokinetic hormone/corazonin-related peptide receptor to affect development and reproduction of Plutella xylostella.

Background: Dicer1 plays a crucial role in regulating the development and reproduction of insects. Knockout of Dicer1 causes pupal deformity, low eclosion and low fecundity in Plutella xylostella, but the mechanism behind this phenomenon is not clear. This study aims to identify differentially-expressed genes and miRNAs in the Dicer1-knockout strain (ΔPxDcr-1) and assess their impact on the reproduction and development of P.

Dual-loaded nano pesticide system based on industrial grade scaleable carrier materials with combinatory efficacy and improved safety.

Repeated and widespread use of single chemical pesticides raises concerns about efficiency and safety, developing multi-component synergistic pesticides provides a new route for efficient control of diseases. Most commercial compound formulations are open systems with non-adjustable released rates, resulting in a high frequency of applications. Meanwhile, although nano pesticide delivery systems constructed with different carrier materials have been extensively studied, realizing their actual scale-up production still has important practical significance due to the large-scale field application.

Improving the efficiency and environmental safety of emamectin benzoate through a pH-responsive metal-organic framework microencapsulation strategy.

Herein, we developed a technique for loading nanopesticides onto Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) to control Spodoptera litura. The average short-axis length of the synthesized carrier emamectin benzoate@PCN-222 @hyaluronic acid (EB@PCN-222 @HA) was ∼40 nm, with an average long-axis length of ∼80 nm. This enabled the manipulation of its size, contact angle, and surface tension on the surface of leaves.

Uptake and Biotransformation of Guvermectin in Three Crops after In Vivo and In Vitro Exposure.

Guvermectin, as a novel nucleoside-like biopesticide, could increase the rice yield excellently, but the potential environmental behaviors remain unclear, which pose potential health risks. Therefore, the uptake and biotransformation of guvermectin in three types of crops (rice, lettuce, and carrot) were first evaluated with a hydroponic system. Guvermectin could be rapidly absorbed and reached equilibrium in roots (12-36 h) and shoots (24-60 h) in three plants, and guvermectin was also vulnerable to dissipation in roots ( 1.

Knockdown of one cytochrome P450 gene CYP6DW4 increases the susceptibility of Bemisia tabaci to dimpropyridaz, a novel pyridazine pyrazolecarboxamide insecticide.

Bemisia tabaci is a formidable insect pest worldwide, and it exhibits significant resistance to various insecticides. Dimpropyridaz is a novel pyridazine pyrazolecarboxamide insecticide used against sucking insect pests, but there is little information regarding its metabolic detoxification in arthropods or cross-resistance with other insecticides. In this study, we found that dimpropyridaz shows no cross-resistance with three other popular insecticides, namely abamectin, cyantraniliprole, and flupyradifurone.

Dissipation, processing factors and dietary risk assessment of the bioinsecticide abamectin in herbal plants belonging to Lamiaceae family from open field to herbal tea infusion.

Abamectin, the mixture of avermectin B1a and B1b, is widely used as a bioinsecticide and is an alternative to chemical pest control from insects. To our knowledge, its behaviour is not fully recognized, especially in herbs. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the environmental fate of abamectin in herbal plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family, its dissipation in open field studies laboratory processing treatments and dietary risk assessment.

Discovery of gene regulation mechanisms associated with uniconazole-induced cold tolerance in banana using integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis.

Background: The gibberellic acid (GA) inhibitor, uniconazole, is a plant growth regulator commonly used in banana cultivation to promote dwarfing but also enhances the cold resistance in plants. However, the mechanism of this induced cold resistance remains unclear.

Results: We confirmed that uniconazole induced cold tolerance in bananas and that the activities of Superoxide dismutase and Peroxidase were increased in the uniconazole-treated bananas under cold stress when compared with the control groups.