The Role of Partnerships in Supporting COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Among Migrants: A Qualitative Case Study from Tamil Nadu and Punjab, India.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, migrant populations remained under-immunized due to limited access to health care, language barriers, and vaccine hesitancy. The USAID-funded MOMENTUM Routine Immunization Transformation and Equity project supported the government in collaborating with various local health and non-health partners to identify and vaccinate migrants. This case study examines the roles of project partners and the strategies each entity implemented to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake among migrants, as well as the perceptions regarding the effectiveness of these strategies.

Mebendazole Exerts Anticancer Activity in Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines via Novel Girdin-Mediated AKT/IKKα/β/NF-κB Signaling Axis.

Mebendazole (MBZ), a benzimidazole anthelmintic and cytoskeleton-disrupting compound, exhibits antitumor properties; however, its action on ovarian cancer (OC) is not clearly understood. This study evaluates the effect of MBZ on OC cell lines OVCAR3 and OAW42, focusing on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and cancer stemness. The underlying mechanisms, including cytoskeletal disruption, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and signaling pathways, were explored.

Attenuating hyperammonemia preserves protein synthesis and muscle mass via restoration of perturbed metabolic pathways in bile duct-ligated rats.

Sarcopenia and hepatic encephalopathy (HE) are complications of chronic liver disease (CLD), which negatively impact clinical outcomes. Hyperammonemia is considered to be the central component in the pathogenesis of HE, however ammonia's toxic effects have also been shown to impinge on extracerebral organs including the muscle. Our aim was to investigate the effect of attenuating hyperammonemia with ornithine phenylacetate (OP) on muscle mass loss and associated molecular mechanisms in rats with CLD.

Enzyme-Instructed Interfacial Jamming of Pillar[5]arenes for Macroscopic Signal Amplification.

Enzyme-instructed signal generation at liquid-liquid interfaces presents a novel strategy for controlling and detecting biochemical processes on macroscopic scales. Here, we explore the self-assembly and jamming of pillar[5]arene (P[5]A) derivatives at the oil-water interface via a copper-mediated "click" reaction, providing a versatile platform for generating observable signals. The formation of a pillar[5]arenes network at the droplet interface reduces interfacial tension, allowing droplets to adopt various nonequilibrium shapes based on the interfacial jamming process.

Delta opioid receptors affect acoustic features of song during vocal learning in zebra finches.

Delta-opioid receptors (δ-ORs) are known to be involved in associative learning and modulating motivational states. We wanted to study if they were also involved in naturally-occurring reinforcement learning behaviors such as vocal learning, using the zebra finch model system. Zebra finches learn to vocalize early in development and song learning in males is affected by factors such as the social environment and internal reward, both of which are modulated by endogenous opioids.

Novel Perylene Diimide-Benzothaizole Hybrid: A Reaction-Based Probe for the Detection and Discrimination of HS, Cys and DTT.

The reaction-based probe perylene diimide-hydroxyphenyl benzothiazole (PR) can be used for the detection and discrimination of HS, DTT and Cys in 20% HEPES buffer-DMSO and DMSO. The HS induced radical anion formation of PR in 20% HEPES buffer and thiolysis of the ether bond of PR in DMSO. However, the addition of DTT showed only a decrease in the absorbance intensity and Cys showed insignificant behaviour towards PR in DMSO.

Ex Situ Generation of D for Reductive Deuteration: Scope and Application to Late-Stage Functionalization.

An efficient deuteration method through the ex situ generation of D for the reductive deuteration of biologically significant α-substituted acrylic acids and enamide derivatives is reported. This method was successfully applied to the synthesis of deuterated analogs of marketed NSAIDs such as ibuprofen, flurbiprofen, and naproxen. Additionally, it facilitates late-stage deuteration of enamides and -vinylated drugs.

SCN1A Genetic Alterations and Oxidative Stress in Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy Patients: A Causative Analysis in Refractory Cases.

Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) have found it be associated with drug resistance in epilepsy. The purpose of this study was to determine the role of SCN1A gene polymorphism in developing drug resistance in idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) patients, along with increased oxidative stress. The study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India.

Seed bacterization with siderophore-producing bacteria: a strategy to enhance growth and alkaloid content in Catharanthus roseus.

Catharanthus roseus is a medicinal plant widely known for producing monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs), including therapeutic compounds such as vinblastine and vincristine, which are crucial for cancer treatment. However, the naturally low concentration of these alkaloids in plant tissues poses a significant challenge for large-scale production. This study explores the application of siderophore-producing bacteria for seed bacterization of Catharanthus roseus to enhance the production of MIAs, including vindoline, catharanthine, and vinblastine.

Investigation of dielectric and spectroscopic properties of pure, commercial, and sugar solution added honey with microwave X band and spectroscopy techniques.

The adulteration of honey is a globally growing issue due to its medicinal benefits and health-promoting properties. This problem primarily involves the addition of sugars and other substances. To address these concerns, a comparative study was conducted to investigate the dielectric and spectroscopic properties of pure, sugar solution added honey, and commercially available honey.

Investigation into the vibrational characteristics of monolayered ruddlesden-popper compounds (Sr, Ba)HfO.

The analysis of Raman and Infrared (IR) phonons in monolayered tetragonal (Sr, Ba)HfO compounds, which exhibit D symmetry and belong to the I4/mmm phase of space group 139 with Z = 2, has been conducted using normal coordinates. The SrHfO and BaHfO compounds are the first members of the Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) series denoted as (Sr, Ba)HfO with n = 1. Nine Short-Range Force Constants (SRFC) have been included in theoretical calculations to analyze the optical phonons of SrHfO and BaHfO compounds within the I4/mmm phase.

Isolated hypoglossia: Oromandibular Limb Hypogenesis Syndrome Type 1 A - A Rare Case Report.

Hypoglossia is a rare developmental anomaly of tongue. It is usually associated with various syndromes and other anomalies. Most common association of hypoglossia is with limb deformity and these disorders are collectively grouped as Oro Mandibular Limb Hypogenesis (OLHS) Syndrome.

A case report on weak subgroup of A: A.

A end is a weak subgroup of Blood group A, found rarely in general population, not detected by routine forward and reverse blood grouping, detected by Adsorption/Elution technique along with saliva testing for A, B and H antigens. Although it is subgroup of A but it lacks A antigen in saliva and contains only H antigen. A 25y/M was accepted for blood donation and showed weak/mf reaction with anti-A in forward grouping.

Quality by Design-Steered Chromatographic Separation and Identification of the Geometric Isomers of Capsiate by Reversed-Phase HPLC and LC-MS.

An efficient reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method, based on the design of the experiment approach, was developed for the simultaneous determination of capsiate isomers. Critical method parameters, i.e.

Aerodynamic performance enhancement of centrifugal compressor using numerical techniques.

Background: Centrifugal compressors are dynamic machines utilizing a rotating impeller, efficiently accelerate incoming gases, transforming kinetic energy into pressure energy for compression. They serve a wide range of industries, including air conditioning, refrigeration, gas turbines, industrial processes, and applications such as air compression, gas transportation, and petrochemicals, demonstrating their versatility. Designing a centrifugal compressor poses challenges related to achieving high aerodynamic efficiency, surge and choke control, material selection, rotor dynamics, cavitation, erosion, and addressing environmental considerations while balancing costs.

Rational selection of TbpB variants yields a bivalent vaccine with broad coverage against Neisseria gonorrhoeae.

Neisseria gonorrhoeae is an on-going public health problem due in part to the lack of success with efforts to develop an efficacious vaccine to prevent this sexually transmitted infection. The gonococcal transferrin binding protein B (TbpB) is an attractive candidate vaccine antigen. However, it exhibits high levels of antigenic variability, posing a significant obstacle in evoking a broadly protective immune response.

Aqueous Angiography Guided Bent Ab Interno Needle Goniectomy in High versus Low Aqueous Humor Outflow Regions in POAG: A Pilot RCT.

Prcis: Trabecular cutting minimally invasive glaucoma surgery like bent ab interno needle goniectomy (BANG) when performed in baseline aqueous angiography identified low aqueous humor outflow regions, results in greater success of intraocular pressure reduction.

Purpose: To study the efficacy of Bent Ab Interno Needle Goniectomy (BANG) in high versus low aqueous humor outflow (AHO) regions as determined by Aqueous Angiography(AA) in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).

Methods: A prospective, single-centre, pilot, randomized control trial recruited 30 eyes of 30 patients of POAG and visually significant cataract (45-80 y) and were randomised into two groups ("A": BANG performed in the high-flow regions and "B": BANG performed in the low-flow regions) of 15 each.

Discovery of novel 'sugarcane totivirus 1' from Saccharum officinarum by high-throughput sequencing.

Background: Sugarcane is cultivated globally and affected by more than 125 pathogens, which lead to various plant diseases. In recent years, high-throughput sequencing (HTS)-based genome analyses have been broadly adopted for the discovery of both characterized and un-characterized viruses from plant samples. In this study, the HTS data of sugarcane pooled sample retrieved from sequence read archive (SRA) were de novo re-assembled using CLC Genomic Workbench.

Phytochemicals in Obesity Management: Mechanisms and Clinical Perspectives.

Purpose Of Review: This review explores the mechanistic pathways and clinical implications of phytochemicals in obesity management, addressing the global health crisis of obesity and the pressing need for effective, natural strategies to combat this epidemic.

Recent Findings: Phytochemicals demonstrate significant potential in obesity control through various molecular mechanisms. These include the modulation of adipogenesis, regulation of lipid metabolism, enhancement of energy expenditure, and suppression of appetite.

Total synthesis of linear lipodepsipeptide kavaratamide A and its C25-epimer.

We report the stereoselective total synthesis of kavaratamide A, a linear lipodepsipeptide from the cyanobacterium (collected in Kavaratti, India), and its unnatural C25-epimer. The convergent approach employs Keck asymmetric allylation to construct the chiral β-hydroxy carboxylic acid fragment [(3)-HDA; 3-hydroxydecanoic acid], while the peptide unit was assembled from L-Val, -Me-L-Ala, ()-Hiva, and ()-Pr--Me-pyr using well-orchestrated coupling methods to prevent racemization. Modifications to the Keck allylation conditions enabled the synthesis of the C25-epimer with good yield.

Pyrazoline Derivatives: Exploring the Synthesis and Development of New Ligands for Anti-Cancer Therapy.

Pyrazoline is a 5-membered ring that has two adjacent nitrogen. It has gained advanced attention from medical and organic chemists due to very low cytotoxic activities. It is applicable and more applied in research fields and has various pharmacological activities, including cardiovascular, anti-tumor, and anti-cancer properties.

Unfolding the Potential of Pyrrole- and Indole-Based Allylidene Hydrazine Carboximidamides as Antimicrobial Agents.

Antimicrobial drug resistance is a significant global health challenge, causing hundreds of thousands of deaths annually and severely impacting healthcare systems worldwide. Several reported antimicrobial compounds have a guanidine motif, as the positive charge on guanidine promotes cell lysis. Therefore, pyrrole- and indole-based allylidene hydrazine carboximidamide derivatives with guanidine motifs are proposed as antimicrobial agents that mimic cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs).

Automated characterisation of cerebral microbleeds using their size and spatial distribution on brain MRI.

Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) are small, hypointense hemosiderin deposits in the brain measuring 2-10 mm in diameter. As one of the important biomarkers of small vessel disease, they have been associated with various neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases. Hence, automated detection, and subsequent extraction of clinically useful metrics (e.

Continuous flow solvent-free and catalyst-free mechanochemical production of rhodamine B dyes and their derivatives.

In this communication, we have described a simple and efficient, catalyst free and solvent-free protocol for the continuous flow synthesis of rhodamine B dyes developed from 3-diethyl amino phenol and phthalic anhydride. Nearly 95% conversion was achieved within 12 min using a jacketed single screw reactor. This method is further used for the synthesis of six derivatives with 70-84% yield, which can be compared to 85% yield from a 1-hour long batch synthesis involving a catalyst.

An examination of daily CO emissions prediction through a comparative analysis of machine learning, deep learning, and statistical models.

Human-induced global warming, primarily attributed to the rise in atmospheric CO, poses a substantial risk to the survival of humanity. While most research focuses on predicting annual CO emissions, which are crucial for setting long-term emission mitigation targets, the precise prediction of daily CO emissions is equally vital for setting short-term targets. This study examines the performance of 14 models in predicting daily CO emissions data from 1/1/2022 to 30/9/2023 across the top four polluting regions (China, India, the USA, and the EU27&UK).