Statistical Design Approach for the Formulation And Optimization of Nanosponges Using Poorly Water-soluble Candidate.

Background And Objectives: Nanosponges are one of the most innovative ways to use the newest developments in nanodrugs delivery. Nanosponges can catch drugs that dissolve in water or ones that don't. This work uses statistical design to find the best nanosponges for drugs that don't dissolve easily and make them.

The nexus between Leishmania & HIV: Debilitating host immunity and Hastening Comorbid disease burden.

The scintillating association between Leishmania and HIV has contributed exceptionally towards expansion of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) with Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS). The co-infection poses a grievous threat to elimination of VL and containment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). When coinfected, Leishmania and HIV complement each other's proliferation and survival by inducing immunesenescence, T cell fatigue and exhaustion.

Esterase-Responsive Fluorogenic Prodrugs of Aldose Reductase Inhibitor Epalrestat: An Innovative Strategy toward Enhanced Anticancer Activity.

In addition to the conventional chemotherapeutic drugs, potent inhibitors of key enzymes that are differentially overexpressed in cancer cells and associated with its progression are often considered as the drugs of choice for treating cancer. Aldose reductase (AR), which is primarily associated with complications of diabetes, is known to be closely related to the development of cancer and drug resistance. Epalrestat (EPA), an FDA-approved drug, is a potent inhibitor of AR and exhibits anticancer activity.

Glowing discoveries: Schiff base-cyanostilbene probes illuminating metal ions and biological entities.

Schiff bases featuring cyanostilbene units have emerged as versatile and highly effective probes for the selective detection of various metal ions as well as biologically important species. This review comprehensively highlights recent advances in the development and application of the probes, which exhibit remarkable Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE), Twisted Intramolecular Charge Transfer (TICT), and Excited-State Intramolecular Proton Transfer (ESIPT) properties. These unique structural characteristics facilitate their potential applications in the detection of biologically important metal ions such as Zn, Fe, Cu, Hg and Co ions with high sensitivity and selectivity.

Comparison of the Effect of Different Bonding Agents on the Microleakage of Two Hydrophilic Pit and Fissure Sealants: An Study.

Aim: To compare the impact of fifth- and seventh-generation bonding agents on the microleakage between Embrace WetBond sealants and Ionoseal.

Materials And Methods: Forty extracted human premolar teeth were used for the study and grouped according to different sealants and bonding agents-group I: Embrace WetBond sealant with fifth-generation bonding agent; group II: Embrace WetBond sealant with seventh-generation bonding agent; group III: Ionoseal with fifth-generation bonding agent; group IV: Ionoseal with seventh-generation bonding agent. For microleakage evaluation, all the teeth were subjected to invasive sealant placement using the respective sealant materials in combination with bonding agents as specified.

Pyrolysis study of a waste plastic mixture through different kinetic models using isothermal and nonisothermal mechanism.

Pyrolysis can be a convenient way to produce oils and gases simultaneously, as well as hydrocarbons and even crude petrochemicals. It can also be used to produce energy from a waste plastic mixture (WPM). To ascertain the kinetics parameters at the heating rates of 5, 10, 20, and 50 °C min, various kinetic models, including (a) model-fitting and (b) model-free, which are further separated into isothermal and non-isothermal categories, have been selected.

Efficacy, safety, and tolerability of lifitegrast 5% eye drops: A randomized, double-blind, active-controlled trial in Indian patients with dry eye disease.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of lifitegrast 5% versus carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) 0.5% in adult patients with dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: A total of 370 eligible patients with DED were randomized equally to receive twice-daily doses of a single drop in each eye of either lifitegrast 5% or CMC 0.

Uptake and translocation of cadmium and trace metals in common rice varieties at different growth stages.

Rice (Oryza sativa) is an important nutritional grain for the majority of Asian countries, but it is also a major source of cadmium (Cd) accumulation. A pot experiment was carried out to investigate the Cd uptake and translocation of high Cd (IR-50) and low Cd (White Ponni) rice cultivars in Cd-contaminated soils. The findings revealed that Cd impacts on rice development and growth differed depending on rice cultivars.

Crystal structure of the complex between cyclic-di-inosine monophosphate and the Vibrio cholerae standalone phosphodiesterase (VcEAL) at 2.2 Å.

Cyclic dinucleotides (CDNs) are a significant and expanding class of secondary messengers that influence several vital bacterial physiological functions. Therefore, an understanding of the process by which CDNs are degraded by their cognate PDEs is crucial for comprehending a variety of cellular processes, such as the formation and dissemination of biofilms. As an alternative, it might be beneficial to create and/or identify non-hydrolyzable CDN derivatives to employ them as chemical probes of cyclic-di-GMP (c-di-GMP) signaling.

In Vitro and In Vivo Biological Evaluation of Novel 1,4-Naphthoquinone Derivatives as Potential Anticancer Agents.

A novel library of naphthoquinone derivatives (3-5 aa) was synthesized and evaluated for their anticancer properties. Specifically, compounds 5 i, 5 l, 5 o, 5 q, 5 r, 5 s, 5 t, and 5 v demonstrated superior cytotoxic activity against the cancer cell lines that were studied. All the studied compounds exhibited a higher selectivity index (SI) and a favourable safety profile than the standard drug doxorubicin.

Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of 4H-Chromene Based Indole-Pyrimidine Hybrids: Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies.

A series of 4H-Chromene Based Indole-Pyrimidine Hybrids synthesized using simple and efficient multicomponent reaction. The title molecules were evaluated for their invitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Compounds 8 g containing bromo substituted naphthalene displayed potent antioxidant activity with IC value of 1.

miRNA genetic variations associated with the predisposition of oral squamous cell carcinoma in central Indian population.

The disease burden of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is rising day-by-day and is expected to rise 62 % through 2035. The chewing of tobacco, areca nut, and betel leaf, poor oral hygiene, and chronic infection are common risk factors of OSCC, but genetic and epigenetic factors also contribute equally. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are comprised of small, non-coding endogenous RNA that regulate a plethora of biological activities by targeting messenger RNA through degradation or inhibition.

Innovative disposable in-tip cellulose paper (DICP) device for facile determination of pesticides in postmortem blood samples: A proof-of-concept study.

Accurately identifying and quantifying toxicants is crucial for medico-legal investigations in forensic toxicology; however, low analyte concentrations and the complex samples matrix make this work difficult. Therefore, a simplified sample preparation procedure is crucial to streamline the analysis to minimize sample handling errors, reduce cost and improve the overall efficiency of analysis of toxicants. To address these challenges, an innovative disposable in-tip cellulose paper (DICP) device has been developed for the extraction of three pesticides viz.

Mavacamten in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: Prospects for AI integration and mitigating healthcare disparities.

Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is an autosomal dominant condition that still remains significantly under-diagnosed worldwide. Early detection through clinical evaluation, imaging, and familial history is crucial to prevent severe complications such as heart failure and sudden cardiac death. While cuddsnt management strategies primarily offer symptomatic relief through pharmacotherapy or invasive procedures, their effectiveness and accessibility are limited, revealing substantial gaps in care.

Structural characterization of DNA-binding domain of essential mammalian protein TTF 1.

Transcription Termination Factor 1 (TTF1) is a multifunctional mammalian protein with vital roles in various cellular processes, including Pol I-mediated transcription initiation and termination, pre-rRNA processing, chromatin remodelling, DNA damage repair, and polar replication fork arrest. It comprises two distinct functional regions; the N-terminal regulatory region (1-445 aa), and the C-terminal catalytic region (445-859 aa). The Myb domain located at the C-terminal region is a conserved DNA binding domain spanning from 550 to 732 aa (183 residues).

A comparison of the safety and effectiveness of insulin aspart with other bolus insulins in women with pre-existing Type 1 diabetes during pregnancy: A post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study.

Aims: The safety and efficacy of insulin analogue insulin aspart (IAsp) have been demonstrated in a randomised clinical trial in pregnant women with Type 1 diabetes (T1D), and IAsp is widely used during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to assess glycaemic control and safety of IAsp versus other bolus insulins in Type 1 diabetic pregnancy in a real-world setting.

Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of a prospective cohort study of 1840 pregnant women with T1D, treated with IAsp (n = 1434) or other bolus insulins (n = 406) in the Diabetes Pregnancy Registry.

DoE-assisted HPLC method development and validation of enzalutamide and repaglinide in rat plasma.

A simple and rapid HPLC technique was developed and validated to simultaneously estimate enzalutamide (ENZ) and repaglinide (REP) in rat plasma. predictions using DDinter and DDI-Pred indicated possible drug-drug interactions between ENZ and REP. A central composite design was used to identify factors influencing the separation of the drugs.

Trabecular bone score norms in Asian-Indians and associations with serum 25(OH)D and parathyroid hormone.

Objective: There is limited information on population-specific norms of trabecular-bone-score (TBS) and its associated factors. Here, we provide norms of TBS in Asian-Indians and its relationship with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and intact-parathyroid hormone (iPTH).

Participants And Measurements: TBS, bone-mineral-density (BMD), and vertebral-fractures (VFs) were assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in 923 healthy Asian-Indians (aged 20-60 years).

Click-chemistry-inspired synthesis of new series of 1,2,3-triazole fused chromene with glucose triazole conjugates: Antibacterial activity assessment with molecular docking evaluation.

A series of new 1,2,3-triazole fused chromene based glucose triazole conjugates were synthesized from chromene fused 1,2,3-triazolyl extended alkyne and 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-β-d-glucopyranosyl azide in good to excellent yield by a copper catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction. The major advantages include mild reaction conditions, high yield, good substrate scope, and shorter reaction time. The antibacterial efficacy of the compounds were assessed in vitro against human pathogenic Gram-negative E.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological and in silico Evaluation of Novel Indazole-pyridine Hybrids for the Treatment of Breast Cancer.

Introduction: The prevalence of breast cancer presents a substantial global health concern, underscoring the ongoing need for the development of inventive therapeutic remedies.

Methods: In this investigation, an array of novel indazole-pyridine hybrids (5a-h) have been designed and synthesized to assess their potential as candidates for treating breast cancer. Subsequently, we have conducted biological evaluations to determine their cytotoxic effects on the human MCF-7 breast cancer cell line.

T1R2/T1R3 polymorphism affects sweet and fat perception: Correlation between SNP and BMI in the context of obesity development.

Genetic variations in taste receptors are associated with gustatory perception and obesity, which in turn affects dietary preferences. Given the increasing tendency of people with obesity choosing sweet, high-fat meals, the current study assessed the cross-regulation of two polymorphisms of the sweet taste receptor (T1R2/T1R3), rs35874116 and rs307355, on fat sensitivity in Indian adults. We investigated the association between taste sensitivity and BMI in the T1R2, T1R3, and CD36 polymorphic and non-polymorphic groups.