The Correlation Between Fecal Amino Acids, Colonic Mucosal Taste Receptors, and Clinical Features and Indicators of Ulcerative Colitis: A Multicenter Exploratory Study.

Background: Patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) exhibit abnormal amino acid (AA) metabolism. Taste receptors play a crucial role in the detection of intestinal AAs. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether UC patients exhibit abnormal expression of these receptors in the colon.

Idebenone Protects Photoreceptors Impaired by Oxidative Phosphorylation Disorder in Retinal Detachment.

Purpose: Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is an aerobic metabolic mechanism, and its dysfunction plays an important role in the pathological changes of ischemic diseases. However, systematic studies on the occurrence of retinal detachment (RD) are lacking.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of the human retina was performed to detect the metabolic changes of various retinal cells after RD.

The associations between dietary advanced glycation-end products intake and self-reported infertility in U.S. women: data from the NHANES 2013-2018.

Evidence suggest that dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) might exert harmful effects on female reproductive function. However, population-based studies exploring the associations between dietary AGEs intake and female infertility remain lacking. This studyaimed to determine the relationship between dietary AGEs intake and female infertility based on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES).

Xalnesiran with or without an Immunomodulator in Chronic Hepatitis B.

Background: Xalnesiran, a small interfering RNA molecule that targets a conserved region of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genome and silences multiple HBV transcripts, may have efficacy, with or without an immunomodulator, in patients with chronic HBV infection.

Methods: We conducted a phase 2, multicenter, randomized, controlled, adaptive, open-label platform trial that included the evaluation of 48 weeks of treatment with xalnesiran at a dose of 100 mg (group 1), xalnesiran at a dose of 200 mg (group 2), xalnesiran at a dose of 200 mg plus 150 mg of ruzotolimod (group 3), xalnesiran at a dose of 200 mg plus 180 μg of pegylated interferon alfa-2a (group 4), or a nucleoside or nucleotide analogue (NA) alone (group 5) in participants with chronic HBV infection who had virologic suppression with NA therapy. The primary efficacy end point was hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss (HBsAg level, <0.

Evaluation of Auricular Acupressure on Myopia Prevention among Children Aged 6-12 Years with Pre-Myopia in China: Study Protocol of a Prospective Multi-Center Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: The increasing prevalence of myopia among Chinese children and adolescents, especially at younger ages, has emerged as a significant concern in recent years. Pre-myopia is a key period for myopia prevention and control in children and adolescents. Previous studies suggested auricular acupressure (AA) therapy might offer a viable approach to prevent and slow down myopia progression.

Tuning into urban birdsong: enhancing nature connectedness with an AI-powered wearable.

The rapid urbanization has led to the loss of natural spaces and a subsequent disconnection between humans and nature, negatively affecting residents' well-being and environmental awareness. There is a a growing interest in leveraging technology to address this gap in Human-Computer Interaction. This article introduces GoChirp, an AI-powered wearable device for enhancing nature relatedness within urban landscapes.

Pelvic Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor on 18F-PSMA PET/CT.

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) as a subtype of sarcoma is rare and aggressive. We present the case of a 23-year-old man with a histologically confirmed DSRCT who underwent 18F-PSMA PET/CT before prostate biopsy and surgical resection of the tumor. It is well known that PSMA PET has a high accuracy for detecting clinically significant prostate adenocarcinoma and is useful in guiding prostate biopsy.

Sphingosine kinase 2 (SphK2) depletion alters redox metabolism and enhances inflammation in a diet-induced MASH mouse model.

Background: Sphingosine-1 phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive lipid molecule that modulates inflammation and hepatic lipid metabolism in MASLD, which affects 1 in 3 people and increases the risk of liver fibrosis and hepatic cancer. S1P can be generated by 2 isoforms of sphingosine kinase (SphK). SphK1 is well-studied in metabolic diseases.

Safety and efficacy of lamivudine/dolutegravir vs. bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in antiretroviral-naive adults with HIV-1 infection in Shanghai, China: a single-centre retrospective study.

Lamivudine plus dolutegravir (3TC/DTG) and bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) regimens are commonly used as first-line treatments for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) worldwide. There are limited comparative data on the antiviral activity and safety between these regimens in ART-naive PLWH, particularly in China, where the 3TC/DTG regimen was integrated into first-line therapy in 2021 and gained broader adoption after its inclusion in the National Health Insurance in 2022. This study aims to provide real-world evidence comparing the 3TC/DTG regimen to the B/F/TAF regimen in ART-naive PLWH in China.

Remimazolam for the prevention of emergence agitation in adults following nasal surgery under general anesthesia: a prospective randomized clinical controlled trial.

Background: Remimazolam is a novel intravenous sedative/anesthetic drug that belongs to the ultra-short-acting class of benzodiazepines. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of postoperative use of remimazolam in preventing emergence agitation (EA) in adults following nasal surgery.

Methods: Patients who underwent nasal surgery were randomly divided into Group R and Group C.

Examining the progress and implementation of neonatal peritoneal dialysis in the Ningxia autonomous region.

Background: Neonates are prone to experiencing acute kidney injury (AKI) and metabolic irregularities. Although hemodialysis is a primary treatment for these conditions, its utilization is not prevalent in the Ningxia Autonomous Region in China. Peritoneal dialysis (PD) presents itself as an alternative with benefits such as simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and minimal technical complexity compared to hemodialysis.

Mechanical Twisting-Induced Enhancement of Second-Order Optical Nonlinearity in a Flexible Molecular Crystal.

Flexible molecular crystals are essential for advancing smart materials, providing unique functionality and adaptability for applications in next-generation electronics, pharmaceuticals, and energy storage. However, the optical applications of flexible molecular crystals have been largely restricted to linear optics, with nonlinear optical (NLO) properties rarely explored. Herein, we report on the application of mechanical twisting of flexible molecular crystals for second-order nonlinear optics.

Effects of Acceptance and Commitment Care in the Treatment of Aplastic Anemia Patients with Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin.

Background: This study was designed to determine the effects of acceptance and commitment care in the treatment of aplastic anemia (AA) patients with recombinant human thrombopoietin (rhTPO).

Methods: The clinical records of 100 AA patients treated at our hospital from March 2021 to March 2023 were analyzed in the retrospective study. All patients received immunosuppressants and rhTPO.

Characterization of Hepatitis B Virus Transcripts in Chronically HBV-Infected Chimpanzees and Patients Treated with ARC-520 siRNA Demonstrates Transcriptional Silencing of cccDNA.

Full-length hepatitis B virus (HBV) transcripts of chimpanzees and patients treated with multidose (MD) HBV siRNA ARC-520 and entecavir (ETV) were characterized by single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing, identifying multiple types of transcripts with the potential to encode HBx, HBsAg, HBeAg, core, and polymerase, as well as transcripts likely to be derived from dimers of dslDNA, and these differed between HBeAg-positive (HBeAg+) and HBeAg-negative (HBeAg-) individuals. HBV transcripts from the last follow-up ~30 months post-ARC-520 treatment were categorized from one HBeAg+ (one of two previously highly viremic patients that became HBeAg- upon treatment and had greatly reduced cccDNA products) and four HBeAg- patients. The previously HBeAg+ patient received a biopsy that revealed that he had 3.

A Global Collaborative Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Antigenicity Across 15 Laboratories.

Setting up a global SARS-CoV-2 surveillance system requires an understanding of how virus isolation and propagation practices, use of animal or human sera, and different neutralisation assay platforms influence assessment of SARS-CoV-2 antigenicity. In this study, with the contribution of 15 independent laboratories across all WHO regions, we carried out a controlled analysis of neutralisation assay platforms using the first WHO International Standard for antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (source: NIBSC). Live virus isolates (source: WHO BioHub or individual labs) or spike plasmids (individual labs) for pseudovirus production were used to perform neutralisation assays using the same serum panels.

scTRIM44 Positively Regulated Siniperca Chuatsi Rhabdovirus Through RIG-I- and MDA5-Mediated Interferon Signaling.

Tripartite Motif-Containing 44 (TRIM44) is responsible for cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, and viral infections. However, the role of TRIM44 (scTRIM44) during viral infection remains unclear. In the present study, we analyzed the molecular characteristics of scTRIM44 and its role in infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), largemouth bass virus (LMBV), and Siniperca chuatsi rhabdovirus (SCRV) infection.

Synthesis of a Bimetallic-Doped Phytate-Melamine Composite as an Efficient Additive for Epoxy Resins with High Fire Safety.

The issue of hazardous smoke and toxic gases released from epoxy resins (EP), which often causes casualties in real fires, has limited its application. Therefore, we have developed a novel flame retardant based on a bimetallic-doped phytate-melamine (BPM) structure with Zn and Fe ions incorporated into the polymer matrix using a straightforward solution-based synthetic method. The combustion performance of the composite was evaluated using a cone calorimeter test, which showed that the peak heat release, total heat release, and total smoke production were reduced by 50%, 31.

Mining of Candidate Genes and Developing Molecular Markers Associated with Pokkah Boeng Resistance in Sugarcane ( spp.).

Sugarcane Pokkah Boeng (PB), a fungal disease caused by spp., poses a significant threat to sugar industries globally. Breeding sugarcane varieties resistant to PB has become a priority, and the mining of PB resistance genes and the development of molecular markers provide a solid foundation for this purpose.

Mosla Chinensis Extract Enhances Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Intestinal Health in Broilers by Modulating Gut Microbiota.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Mosla chinensis extract (MCE) on broiler intestinal health. A total of 240 1-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broilers (balanced for sex) were randomly allocated into four treatment groups, each with six replicates of 10 chickens. The study comprised a starter phase (days 1-21) and a grower phase (days 22-42).

Novel Nuclease MbovP701 with a Yqaj Domain Is Interrelated with the Growth of .

() is characterized by a reduced genomic size and limited synthetic capacity, including the inability to synthesize nucleotides de novo, relies on nucleases for nutrient acquisition and survival. A number of nucleases have been implicated in pathogenicity, facilitating substrate degradation and contributing to DNA repair mechanisms that enhance bacterial persistence. The present study confirmed that the T5.

Therapeutic Potential of Cinnamon Oil: Chemical Composition, Pharmacological Actions, and Applications.

Cinnamon oil, an essential oil extracted from plants of the genus Cinnamomum, has been highly valued in ancient Chinese texts for its medicinal properties. This review summarizes the chemical composition, pharmacological actions, and various applications of cinnamon oil, highlighting its potential in medical and industrial fields. By systematically searching and evaluating studies from major scientific databases including Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the therapeutic potential of cinnamon oil.

Rhein: An Updated Review Concerning Its Biological Activity, Pharmacokinetics, Structure Optimization, and Future Pharmaceutical Applications.

Rhein is a natural active ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine that has attracted much attention due to its wide range of pharmacological activities. However, its clinical application is limited by low water solubility, poor oral absorption, and potential toxicity to the liver and kidneys. Recently, advanced extraction and synthesis techniques have made it possible to develop derivatives of rhein, which have better pharmacological properties and lower toxicity.

Dual-Band High-Throughput and High-Contrast All-Optical Topology Logic Gates.

Optical computing offers advantages such as high bandwidth and low loss, playing a crucial role in signal processing, communication, and sensing applications. Traditional optical logic gates, based on nonlinear fibers and optical amplifiers, suffer from poor robustness and large footprints, hindering their on-chip integration. All-optical logic gates based on topological photonic crystals have emerged as a promising approach for developing robust and monolithic optical computing systems.

Vitamin C and MEK Inhibitor PD0325901 Synergistically Promote Oligodendrocytes Generation by Promoting DNA Demethylation.

DNA methylation and demethylation are key epigenetic events that regulate gene expression and cell fate. DNA demethylation via oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is typically mediated by TET (ten-eleven translocation) enzymes. The 5hmC modification is considered an intermediate state of DNA demethylation; it is particularly prevalent in the brain and is believed to play a role in the development of many cell types in the brain.