Identifying effective immune biomarkers in alopecia areata diagnosis based on machine learning methods.

Background: Alopecia areata (AA) is a common non-scarring hair loss disorder associated with autoimmune conditions. However, the pathobiology of AA is not well understood, and there is no targeted therapy available for AA.  METHODS: In this study, differential gene expression analysis, immune status assessment, weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA), and functional enrichment analysis were performed to identify shared genes associated with both immunological response and AA.

Genome-wide association study identifies candidate genes affecting body conformation traits of Zhongwei goat.

Background: Identifying markers or genes crucial for growth traits in Zhongwei goats is pivotal for breeding. Pinpointing genetic factors linked to body size gain enhances breeding efficiency and economic value. In this study, we used the MGISEQ-T7 platform to re-sequence 240 Zhongwei goats (133 male; 107 female) belonging to 5 metrics of growth traits at different growth stages (40 days and 6 months, here in after referred to as 40d and 6 m), namely, Body Weight (BW), Body Height (BH), Body Length (BL), Chest Circumference (CC), Tube Circumference (TC) were examined.

MicroRNA-150-3p enhances the antitumour effects of CGP57380 and is associated with a favourable prognosis in non-small cell lung cancer.

MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulation has been identified in several carcinomas, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and is known to play a role in the development and progression of this disease. We initially conducted a miRNA microarray analysis, which revealed that the MNK inhibitor CGP57380 increased the expression of miR-150-3p. A similar analysis was performed using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Association of homocysteine and uric acid with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a case-control study.

The aim of this study was to examine the association between homocysteine (Hcy), uric acid (UA) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and to explore whether there was an interaction between Hcy and UA in the development of T2DM. A total of 1250 diabetic patients and 1250 non-diabetic controls were included in this case-control study. Binary logistic regression and interaction analysis were used to evaluate the association between Hcy, UA, and T2DM, and the combined effects of Hcy and UA on T2DM, respectively.

Identification of mutation of MYOC (c.1099G>A), a pedigree pathogenic gene of juvenile open angle glaucoma (JOAG): A case report.

Rationale: The MYOC gene is associated with juvenile open-angle glaucoma (JOAG). This study aims to provide genetic counseling for a Chinese JOAG family by detecting MYOC mutations to identify high-risk individuals for early JOAG intervention. It also supplements the clinical characteristics of glaucoma patients with MYOC gene mutations.

Bioinspired bicontinuous adhesive hydrogel for wearable strain sensor with high sensitivity and a wide working range.

Conductive hydrogel strain sensors demonstrate extensive potential in artificial robotics, human-computer interaction, and health monitoring, owing to their excellent flexibility and biocompatibility. Wearable strain sensors for real-time monitoring of human activities require hydrogels with self-adhesion, desirable sensitivity, and wide working range. However, balancing the high sensitivity and a wide working range remains a challenge.

A novel fluorescent sensor for highly sensitive detection of ascorbic acid in food based on inhibiting phosphatase-like activity of Zr-based MOF.

Nanozyme-based sensors for detecting ascorbic acid (AA) generally depend on the reducibility of the analyte. However, these sensors are susceptible to interference from reducing substances in food. Herein, a novel fluorescent sensor for AA detection was developed based on inhibiting the phosphatase-like activity of a Zr-based metal-organic framework (Zr-CAU-28).

Absorptivity Is an Important Determinant in the Toxicity Difference between Aristolochic Acid I and Aristolochic Acid II.

Inadvertent exposure to aristolochic acids (AAs) is causing chronic renal disease worldwide, with aristolochic acid I (AA-I) identified as the primary toxic agent. This study employed chemical methods to investigate the mechanisms underlying the nephrotoxicity and carcinogenicity of AA-I. Aristolochic acid II (AA-II), which has a structure similar to that of AA-I, was investigated with the same methods for comparison.

The Relationship Between Novel Inflammatory Markers and Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Among US Adults.

Background: Vitamin D is the focus of extensive medical research globally. Recent studies have investigated the correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and common inflammatory markers. However, few studies have incorporated novel inflammatory markers such as the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), platelet-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (PHR), systemic inflammatory index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), systemic inflammatory response (SIRI), and neutrophil-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR).

Pretreatment plasma vitamin D and response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer: evidence from pooled analysis of cohort studies.

Background: Biological evidence has revealed antitumor effect of vitamin D, but whether it could predict the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in breast cancer (BC) patients remains inconclusive. The aim was to investigate the association between pretreatment vitamin D level and response to NAC and subsequent survival outcomes in BC patients.

Materials And Methods: The authors systematically searched the Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases and clinical trial registries to identify relevant articles from inception to 8 October 2024.

Epidemiological investigation of sex hormones and their metabolism-related gene single nucleotide polymorphisms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia complicated with late-onset hypogonadism: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common disease in middle-aged and elderly men, and its etiology is not completely clear. Late-onset hypogonadism (LOH) is a relatively common disease in the aging process of men. BPH is often accompanied by varying degrees of LOH, and the pathogenesis and progression of the two diseases are related.

Identification and functional characterization of AsWRKY9, a WRKY transcription factor modulating alliin biosynthesis in garlic (Allium sativum L.).

Background: The variations in alliin content are a crucial criterion for evaluating garlic quality and is the sole precursor for allicin biosynthesis, which is significant for the growth, development, and stress response of garlic. WRKY transcription factors are essential for enhancing stress resistance by regulating the synthesis of plant secondary metabolites. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating alliin biosynthesis remain unexplored.

YTHDF1-mediated m6A modification of GBP4 promotes M1 macrophage polarization in acute lung injury.

Background: Acute lung injury (ALI) is a severe condition with multifaceted causes, including inflammation and oxidative stress. This research investigates the influence of m6A (N6-methyladenosine) modification on GBP4, a protein pivotal for macrophage polarization, a critical immune response in ALI.

Methods: Utilizing a mouse model to induce ALI, the study analyzed GBP4 expression in alveolar macrophages.

Combined 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations and physical activity on mortality in US stroke survivors: findings from the NHANES.

Background: 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and physical activity (PA) are linked and both are associated with changes in mortality. We examined the association of 25(OH)D and PA with all-cause or cause-specific mortality risk in stroke survivors.

Methods: The analysis included 677 stroke survivors from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2008 to 2017-2018.

[Research progress on mechanisms and pharmacokinetics of ligustilide in treatment of locomotor system diseases].

Ligustilide, a phthalide compound extracted from Umbelliferae plants such as Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong, has been proven to possess various pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, anti-atherosclerosis, anti-ischemic stroke injury, and anti-Alzheimer's disease properties. In recent years, it has shown great potential, particularly in the treatment of locomotor system diseases. Studies have shown that ligustilide has significant therapeutic effects on various locomotor system diseases, including osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, femoral head necrosis, osteosarcoma, and muscle aging and injury.

Natural phenylethanoid glycoside forsythoside A alleviates androgenetic alopecia by selectively inhibiting TRPV3 channels in mice.

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT), an androgen derivate, is known to be a key factor involved in androgenetic alopecia. DHT suppresses the growth of outer root sheath cells and induces apoptosis of hair keratinocytes, thereby causing hair follicle miniaturization and hair regrowth inhibition. Forsythoside A, a natural substance derived from Forsythia suspensa, has been shown to reduce DHT-induced apoptosis in human hair cells and suppress hair regrowth inhibition induced by DHT in mice.

A room temperature rechargeable Li-LiNO battery with high capacity.

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become advanced energy storage technologies; however, specific capacity remains limited by the active materials in cathodes. Here, we report Li-LiNO batteries (LNBs) where LiNO in electrolyte serves as both active materials and ion conductor at room temperature. LNBs operate on a highly reversible redox between NO and NO, which results in an impressive areal capacity of 19 mAh cm at a plateau voltage of 1.

Development and Validation of a Prognostic Molecular Phenotype and Clinical Characterization in Grade III Diffuse Gliomas Treatment with Radio-Chemotherapy.

Background: The relationship between molecular phenotype and prognosis in high-grade gliomas (WHO III and IV, HGG) treated with radiotherapy and chemotherapy is not fully understood and needs further exploration.

Methods: The HGG patients following surgery and treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were used to assess the independent prognostic factors.

Gold Nanoparticle Inhibits the Tumor-Associated Macrophage M2 Polarization by Inhibiting mA Methylation-Dependent ATG5/Autophagy in Prostate Cancer.

This study aims to study how gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) function in the recruitment and polarization of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (HSPC) and castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Phorbol ester (PMA)-treated THP-1 cells were cocultured with LNCaP or PC3 cells to simulate TAMs. Macrophage M2 polarization levels were detected using flow cytometry and M2 marker determination.

An examination of daily CO emissions prediction through a comparative analysis of machine learning, deep learning, and statistical models.

Human-induced global warming, primarily attributed to the rise in atmospheric CO, poses a substantial risk to the survival of humanity. While most research focuses on predicting annual CO emissions, which are crucial for setting long-term emission mitigation targets, the precise prediction of daily CO emissions is equally vital for setting short-term targets. This study examines the performance of 14 models in predicting daily CO emissions data from 1/1/2022 to 30/9/2023 across the top four polluting regions (China, India, the USA, and the EU27&UK).

N6-methyladenosine RNA modification regulates the transcription of SLC7A11 through KDM6B and GATA3 to modulate ferroptosis.

Background: Recent studies indicate that N6-methyladenosine (mA) RNA modification may regulate ferroptosis in cancer cells, while its molecular mechanisms require further investigation.

Methods: Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (HPLC/MS/MS) was used to detect changes in mA levels in cells. Transmission electron microscopy and flow cytometry were used to detect mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Enantioselective Degradation and Processing Factors of Seven Chiral Pesticides During the Processing of Wine and Rice Wine.

Chiral pesticides often undergo enantioselective degradation during food fermentation. In this study, the enantioselective fates of seven chiral pesticides during processing of wine and rice wine were investigated. The results revealed that R-metalaxyl, R-mefentrifluconazole and S-hexaconazole were preferentially degraded during wine processing with EF values of 0.

CeO2 Modification Promotes the Oxidation Kinetics for Adipic Acid Electrosynthesis from KA Oil Oxidation at 200 mA cm-2.

Electrocatalytic oxidation of cyclohexanol/cyclohexanonein water provides a promising strategy for obtaining adipic acid (AA), which is an essential feedstock in the polymer industry. However, this process is impeded by slow kinetics and limited Faradaic efficiency (FE) due to a poor understanding of the reaction mechanism. Herein, NiCo2O4/CeO2 is developed to enable the electrooxidation of cyclohexanol to AA with a 0.

A wearable electrochemical sensor utilizing multifunctional hydrogel for antifouling ascorbic acid quantification in sweat.

The accurate and reliable quantification of the levels of disease markers in human sweat is of significance for health monitoring through wearable sensing technology, but the sensors performed in real sweat always suffer from biofouling that cause performance degradation or even malfunction. We herein developed a wearable antifouling electrochemical sensor based on a novel multifunctional hydrogel for the detection of targets in sweat. The integration of polyethylene glycol (PEG) into the sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) hydrogel results in a robust network structure characterized by abundant hydrophilic groups on its surface, significantly enhancing the PEG-SBMA hydrogel's antifouling and mechanical properties.

Association analysis of genetic polymorphisms of METTL3 with clinical outcomes in a Chinese pediatric population with primary brain tumors.

Background: Methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3) regulates numerous biological processes and diverse cancers.

Objective: To explore the frequency distribution of METTL3 rs1061026, rs1139130, and rs1263801 polymorphisms, and their potential impacts on clinical outcomes and chemotherapy-induced toxicities in a cohort of Chinese pediatric patients diagnosed with primary brain tumors (PBTs).

Methods: Genotyping for three investigated SNPs was performed in 107 pediatric patients with PBTs using the Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX platform.