Identification of a novel butenolide signal system to regulate high production of tylosin in Streptomyces fradiae.

Identifying hormone-like quorum sensing (QS) molecules in streptomycetes is challenging due to low production levels but is essential for understanding secondary metabolite biosynthesis and morphological differentiation. This work reports the discovery of a novel γ-butenolide-type signaling molecule (SFB1) via overexpressing its biosynthetic gene (orf18) in Streptomyces fradiae. SFB1 was found to be essential for production of tylosin through dissociating the binding of its receptor TylP (a transcriptional repressor) to target genes, thus activating the expression of tylosin biosynthetic gene cluster (tyl).

Bioactive glass 45S5 promotes odontogenic differentiation of apical papilla cells through autophagy.

Objectives: The mechanism of the odontogenic differentiation of apical papillary cells (APCs) stimulated by bioactive glass 45S5 is still unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect of autophagy on the odontogenic differentiation of APCs stimulated by bioactive glass 45S5.

Methods: APCs were isolated and cultured , and the cell origin was identified by flow cytometry.

The safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of an optimized dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist (BGM0504) in healthy volunteers: A dose-escalation Phase I study.

Objective: Previous experiments have demonstrated that BGM0504, a GLP-1R/GIPR dual agonist drug by molecular dynamics-guided optimization, had enhanced agonistic activity compared to tirzepatide. This study aims to investigate its safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) in Chinese healthy volunteers.

Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled and dose-escalation Phase I study was conducted as follows: a single dose (2.

Backbone Engineering of Bithiophene Imide Dimer-Based Polymeric Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conductors for High-Performance n-Type Organic Electrochemical Transistors.

Polymeric mixed ionic-electronic conductors (PMIECs) are gaining significant attention due to their potential applications in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). However, the performance of n-type OECTs still lags behind that of their p-type counterparts. Here, the structure-performance correlation of fused bithiophene imide dimer (BTI2)-based PMIECs is systematically investigated with the backbone evaluation from acceptor-strong donor (A-SD) to acceptor-donor (A-D), to acceptor-weak donor (A-WD), to acceptor-weak acceptor (A-WA), and finally to A-A structures.

TET2-mediated 5-hydroxymethylcytosine of TXNIP promotes cell cycle arrest in systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma.

Background: 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) modification represents a significant epigenetic modification within DNA, playing a pivotal role in a range of biological processes associated with various types of cancer. The role of 5hmC in systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aims to examine the function of 5hmC in the advancement of ALCL.

A beneficial levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for a decrease in thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAB) in patients with Graves' disease: a real-world study.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether a relationship exist between pre-therapy 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the remission/negative conversion rates of thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAB) during treatment in patients with newly diagnosed Graves' disease (GD).

Methods: 171 patients were included from the Endocrinology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University in March 2013 to April 2016. Ninety-five patients of them were diagnosed at our hospital but transferred to local hospitals for treatment.

Psychotropic Polypharmacy in Dementia: A Retrospective Analysis for People with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Referred to an Australian Dementia Support Service.

Background And Objectives: Despite their limited benefits and serious adverse effects, psychotropics remain frequently prescribed for neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) of dementia. Psychotropic polypharmacy, the use of two or more concomitant psychotropic medications, is therefore not recommended for people with dementia. The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of psychotropic polypharmacy in Australians living with dementia whose caregivers sought external NPS support from Dementia Support Australia (DSA; the national provider of NPS support) and the association of psychotropic polypharmacy with their demographics and NPS characteristics.

A multicenter, randomized, open label, two formulation, crossover bioequivalence trial of doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomal injection in Chinese patients with metastatic breast cancer.

Purpose: The primary objectives of this trial were aimed at exploring the pharmacokinetic profiles and the human bioequivalence of an intravenous liposomal injection of doxorubicin hydrochloride in comparison with a reference formulation in Chinese patients diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer.

Methods: To achieve these goals, the trial employed a randomized, open-label, two-formulation crossover dosing strategy among Chinese patients with metastatic breast cancer. Pharmacokinetic (PK) evaluation was conducted through the collection of blood samples, and the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method was leveraged to quantify plasma concentrations of both liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin and non-encapsulated doxorubicin in patients.

Fabrication and mechanical properties of porous tantalum carbon composites by chemical vapor deposition.

This study investigates the deposition of tantalum (Ta) coatings on carbon foams using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to enhance their compressive strength. Two types of open-cell carbon foams, CF-1 and CF-2, with different strut diameters, were examined. The morphology and uniformity of the coatings were characterized, and the effect of coating thickness on the compressive strength of the foams was systematically analyzed.

Complete pathway elucidation of echinacoside in Cistanche tubulosa and de novo biosynthesis of phenylethanoid glycosides.

Echinacoside (ECH), one of the most representative phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs), has considerable neuroprotective effects and is an effective ingredient in numerous commercial drugs. Here, we elucidate the complete ECH biosynthetic pathway in the medicinal plant Cistanche tubulosa. In total, 14 related genes are cloned and functionally characterized.

Proton Exchange Membrane with Dual-Active-Center Surpasses the Conventional Temperature Limitations of Fuel Cells.

High temperature-proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFC) call for ionomers with low humidity dependence and elevated-temperature resistance. Traditional perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) ionomers encounter challenges in meeting these stringent requirements. Herein, this study reports a perfluoroimide multi-acid (PFMA) ionomer with dual active centers achieved through the incorporation of sulfonimide and phosphonic acid groups into the side chain.

Injured Myocardium-Targeted Theranostic Nanoplatform for Multi-Dimensional Immune-Inflammation Regulation in Acute Myocardial Infarction.

Pyroptosis is a key mode of programmed cell death during the early stages following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), driving immune-inflammatory responses. Cardiac resident macrophages (CRMs) are the primary mediators of cardiac immunity, and they serve a dual role through their shaping of both myocardial injury and post-AMI myocardial repair. To appropriately regulate AMI-associated inflammation, HM4oRL is herein designed, an innovative bifunctional therapeutic nanoplatform capable of inhibiting cardiomyocyte pyroptosis while reprogramming inflammatory signaling.

Intestine-Decipher Engineered Capsules Protect Against Sepsis-induced Intestinal Injury via Broad-spectrum Anti-inflammation and Parthanatos Inhibition.

Sepsis is a severe systemic inflammatory syndrome characterized by a dysregulated immune response to infection, often leading to high mortality rates. The intestine, owing to its distinct structure and physiological environment, plays a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of sepsis. It functions as the "central organ" or "engine" in the progression of sepsis, with intestinal injury exacerbating the condition.

Facile synthesis of plasmonic BP@Au nanomatrix for sensitive detection of irinotecan and its active SN-38 metabolite via laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry.

A new methodology is presented for the rapid, specific, and sensitive detection of irinotecan (CPT-11), a chemotherapeutic agent utilized in the treatment of cancer, along with its metabolically active derivative, SN-38, via laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI MS). The method includes the detection of camptothecin (CPT), which can be utilized as an internal standard for the quantitative assessment of both CPT-11 and SN-38 in mouse serum. The approach utilizes a plasmonic two-dimensional (2D) black phosphorus nanosheet (BPN)-gold nanomatrix (BP@Au) in LDI MS.

The efficacy and safety of suvemcitug, envafolimab, and FOLFIRI in microsatellite-stable or mismatch repair-proficient colorectal cancer: preliminary results of a phase 2 study.

Purpose: This phase II study is designed to evaluate the combination therapy involving suvemcitug and envafolimab with FOLFIRI in microsatellite-stable or mismatch repair-proficient (MSS/pMMR) colorectal cancer (CRC) in the second-line treatment setting.

Methods: This study is a non-randomized, open-label prospective study comprising multiple cohorts (NCT05148195). Here, we only report the data from the CRC cohort.

Prevalence of drug resistance mutations in low-level viremia patients under antiretroviral therapy in Southwestern China: a cross-sectional study.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and characteristics of drug resistance mutations (DRMs) in patients with low-level viremia (LLV) in Southwestern China, as it has become a growing challenge in AIDS clinical practice.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in Yunnan Province, Southwestern China. LLV was defined as 50-999 copies/mL of plasma viral load with antiretroviral therapy (ART) for at least 6 months.

The role of vitamin D in slipped capital femoral epiphysis in children and adolescents: a retrospective case-control study.

Objective: To explore the correlation between vitamin D levels, related endocrine/metabolic factors, and the risk of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) in children and adolescents, and to assess whether vitamin D levels are associated with SCFE severity.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted from March 2014 to October 2023 in Shengjing hospital. Patients diagnosed with SCFE were categorized as the SCFE group.

The Diagnostic Value of Bile Acids and Amino Acids in Differentiating Acute Coronary Syndromes.

Purpose: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS), comprising unstable angina and acute myocardial infarction, is the most dangerous and fatal form of coronary heart disease. This study evaluates serum bile acids (BAs) and amino acids (AAs) as potential predictors of AMI in UA patients.

Patients And Methods: A total of 72 Non-Coronary Artery Disease (NCAD) patients, 157 UA patients, and 79 AMI patients were analyzed.

Hydrogen-bonded macrocycle-mediated dimerization for orthogonal supramolecular polymerization.

Orthogonal self-assembly represents a useful methodology to construct supramolecular polymers with AA- and AB-type monomers, as commonly used for covalently linked polymers. So far, the design of such monomers has relied heavily on three-dimensional macrocycles, and the use of two-dimensional shape-persistent macrocycles for this purpose remains rather rare. Here, we demonstrate a dimerization motif based on a hydrogen-bonded macrocycle that can be effectively applied to form orthogonal supramolecular polymers.

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Binge Drinking among Adults in the United State: Analysis of the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey.

Little is known about the association of social media and belief in alcohol and cancer with binge drinking. This study aimed to perform feature selection and develop machine learning (ML) tools to predict occurrence of binge drinking among adults in the United State. A total of 5,886 adults including 1,252 who ever experienced with binge drinking were selected from the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 6).

Vitamin D Deficiency and Associated Factors in Children: A Multicenter Study of 21,811 Samples in Southern China.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in children/adolescents in extreme southern China.

Methods: This multicenter, cross-sectional study included 21,811 children aged 0-18 years from 18 districts in Hainan Province, using a multistage stratified random sampling method from January 2021 to March 2022.

Results: Serum 25(OH)D levels decreased with age (p trend <0.

Two-Dimensional Layered Germanium Iodide Perovskite Ferroelectric Semiconductors.

The discovery of ferroelectricity in two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors has opened a new and exciting chapter in next-generation electronics and spintronics due to their lattice-dimensionality-induced unique behaviors and fascinating functionalities brought by spontaneous polarization. The emerging layered halide perovskites with 2D lattices provide a great platform for generating reduced symmetry and low-dimensional ferroelectricity. Herein, inspired by the approach of reduced lattice dimensionality, a series of 2D layered germanium iodide perovskite ferroelectric semiconductors A2CsGe2I7 [where A = PA (propylammonium), BA (butylammonium) and AA (amylammonium)] was firstly developed, which demonstrates remarkable semiconducting features including narrow direct bandgap (~1.

Methyltransferase-like 7B participates in bladder cancer via ACSL3 mA modification in a ferroptosis manner.

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) is a malignant tumor. Methyltransferase-like 7B (MEETL7B) is a methyltransferase and its role in BC has not yet been revealed.

Method: Stable METTL7B knockdown or overexpression were achieved by lentiviral transduction in SW780 and TCCSUP cell lines.

Nicotinamide riboside supplementation ameliorates ovarian dysfunction in a PCOS mouse model.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the leading cause of anovulatory infertility among women of reproductive age, yet the range of effective treatment options remains limited. Our previous study revealed that reduced levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) in ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) of women with PCOS resulted in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, it is still uncertain whether increasing NAD levels in the ovaries could improve ovarian function in PCOS.

N-Methylandenosine-related lncRNAs as potential biomarkers for predicting prognosis and the immunotherapy response in pancreatic cancer.

Emerging evidence has shown that the N-methyladenosine (mA) modification of RNA plays key roles in tumorigenesis and the progression of various cancers. However, the potential roles of the mA modification of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in pancreatic cancer (PaCa) are still unknown. To analyze the prognostic value of mA-related lncRNAs in PaCa, an m6A-related lncRNA signature was constructed as a risk model via Pearson's correlation and univariate Cox regression analyses in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.