Effects of biological and abiotic factors on dark septate endophytes distribution and heavy metal resistance in different environments.

Introduction: Exploring the interactions between dark septate endophytes (DSE) in plant roots across diverse heavy metal habitats-considering host plants, site characteristics, and microbial communities-provides insights into the distribution patterns of DSE in metal-rich environments and their mechanisms for developing heavy metal resistance.

Methods: This study collected samples of three common plant species (, PA, , SV, and , AA) and their corresponding soil samples from three heavy metal-contaminated sites: Baiyang Lake, BY, Fengfeng mining area, FF, and Huangdao, HD. Utilizing high-throughput sequencing and physicochemical analysis methods, the biological and abiotic factors affecting DSE colonization and distribution in the roots were investigated.

Enhancing Periodontal Ligament Regeneration via PDLSC Delivery Using Electrospun PCL/Collagen/Cellulose Acetate Scaffolds and Collagen Hydrogel Incorporated with Curcumin-Loaded ZIF-8 Nanoparticles.

Background: Regenerating periodontal ligament (PDL) tissue is a vital challenge in dentistry that aims to restore periodontal function and aesthetics. This study explores a tissue engineering strategy that combines polycaprolactone (PCL)/collagen/cellulose acetate electrospun scaffolds with collagen hydrogels to deliver curcumin-loaded ZIF-8 nanoparticles fand periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs).

Methods: Scaffolds were fabricated via electrospinningand collagen hydrogels incorporated PDLSCs and curcumin-loaded ZIF-8 nanoparticles (CURZIF-8) were developed using cross-linking.

Dimensional Regulation of Organic n-Type Dopants for Highly Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules.

A strong n-type perovskite layer is crucial in achieving high open-circuit voltage (V) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) in the p-i-n solar cells, as the weak n-type perovskites result in a loss of V, and the p-type perovskites contain numerous electron traps that cause the severe carrier recombination. Here, three types of perylene diimide (PDI) based small molecule dopants with different dimensions, including 1D-PDI, 2D-PDI, and 3D-PDI are designed, to produce heavier n-type perovskites. The PDI-based molecules with Selenium atoms have a strong electron-donating ability, effectively enlarging the quasi-Fermi level splitting within the perovskites.

Size-Controllable High-Entropy Alloys Toward Stable Hydrogen Production at Industrial-Scale Current Densities.

Efficient and stable electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at high current densities is highly desirable for industrial-scale hydrogen production, which is yet challenging, because of the electrocatalyst with short lifespans during the acidic HER process. Here, a controllable preparation technique is successfully developed to synthesize PdPtRuRhAu high-entropy alloys (HEAs) of various sizes, within the 3.14 nm particles (HEA-3.

Dynamic Brush Surface Inducing Mobile Crystallization for Sustainable Spray Cooling Using Saline.

Spray cooling, which dissipates heat through droplet evaporation, is an efficient cooling method. Using seawater instead of freshwater in spraying is appealing given the intensifying global water crisis. However, seawater-based cooling suffers from salt accumulation on hot surfaces.

A-D-A type fluorescent probe with dual quaternary-ammonium-salt anchors for turn on detection of HSA in wide emission gamut.

Human serum albumin (HSA) is a key protein implicates in various physiological and pathological conditions such as renal injury, diabetes mellitus. Herein, we report an AIE-active fluorescent probe (DNI-4) for detection of HSA with a "turn on" response covering visible and near-infrared region (500 - 800 nm). Combining with a triphenylamine and two 1,8-naphthalimide moieties, the chromophore segment of DNI-4 forms a "A-D-A" type molecular architecture with the twisted intramolecular charge transfer property.

Pifithrin-μ sensitizes mTOR-activated liver cancer to sorafenib treatment.

TSC2, a suppressor of mTOR, is inactivated in up to 20% of HBV-associated liver cancer. This subtype of liver cancer is associated with aggressive behavior and early recurrence after hepatectomy. Being the first targeted regimen for advanced liver cancer, sorafenib has limited efficacy in HBV-positive patients.

Super-strong hydrogel reinforced by an interconnected hollow microfiber network via regulating the water-cellulose-copolymer interplay.

The discontinuous fiber reinforced hydrogels are easy to fail due to the fracture of the fiber matrix during load-bearing. Here, we propose a novel strategy based on the synergistic reinforcement of interconnected natural fiber networks at multiple scales to fabricate hydrogels with extraordinary mechanical properties. Specifically, the P(AA-AM)/Cel (P(AA-AM), poly(acrylic acid-acrylamide); Cel, cellulose) hydrogel is synthesized by copolymerizing AA and AM on a substrate of paper with an interconnected hollow cellulose microfiber network.

Alginate-polylysine-alginate (APA) microencapsulated transgenic human amniotic epithelial cells ameliorate fibrosis in hypertrophic scars.

Background: Hypertrophic scar (HS) is a severe skin fibrosis. Transplanting stem cells carrying anti-fibrotic cytokine genes, like interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), is a novel therapeutic strategy. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) are ideal seed cells and gene vectors.

Asperhydrindane A, a new hydrindane derivate isolated from a mangrove-derived fungi GXIMD 03158.

A new hydrindane derivative, asperhydrindane A (), along with two known sterol analogues [isocyathisterol () and ganodermasides D ()] were isolated from the mangrove-derived fungus GXIMD 03158 attaching to the mangrove L. The structure of was elucidated based on extensive spectral analysis, HRESIMS, and calculated ECD methods. All compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity.

Clinical Efficacy of Pidotimod-Assisted Erythromycin in Treating Lobar Pneumonia in Children Over 3 Years Old.

Lobar pneumonia is an acute inflammation with increasing incidence globally. Delayed treatment can lead to severe complications, posing life-threatening risks. Thus, it is crucial to determine effective treatment methods to improve the prognosis of children with lobar pneumonia.

Nano-Zinc Oxide Can Enhance the Tolerance of Apple Rootstock M9-T337 Seedlings to Saline Alkali Stress by Initiating a Variety of Physiological and Biochemical Pathways.

Soil salinization severely restricts the growth and development of crops globally, especially in the northwest Loess Plateau, where apples constitute a pillar industry. Nanomaterials, leveraging their unique properties, can facilitate the transport of nutrients to crops, thereby enhancing plant growth and development under stress conditions. To investigate the effects of nano zinc oxide (ZnO NP) on the growth and physiological characteristics of apple self-rooted rootstock M9-T337 seedlings under saline alkali stress, one-year-old M9-T337 seedlings were used as experimental materials and ZnO NPs were used as donors for pot experiment.

Vitamin D: Evidence-Based Health Benefits and Recommendations for Population Guidelines.

Vitamin D offers numerous under-recognized health benefits beyond its well-known role in musculoskeletal health. It is vital for extra-renal tissues, prenatal health, brain function, immunity, pregnancy, cancer prevention, and cardiovascular health. Existing guidelines issued by governmental and health organizations are bone-centric and largely overlook the abovementioned extra-skeletal benefits and optimal thresholds for vitamin D.

Relationship Between Depression and Epigallocatechin Gallate from the Perspective of Gut Microbiota: A Systematic Review.

Depression, a serious mental illness, is characterized by high risk, high incidence, persistence, and tendency to relapse, posing a significant burden on global health. The connection between depression and gut microbiota is an emerging field of study in psychiatry and neuroscience. Understanding the gut-brain axis is pivotal for understanding the pathogenesis and treatment of depression.

Neonatal Circulating Amino Acids and Lipid Metabolites Mediate the Association of Maternal Gestational Diabetes Mellitus with Offspring Neurodevelopment at 1 Year.

: We aimed to identify neonatal circulating metabolic alterations associated with maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to explore whether these altered metabolites could mediate the association of GDM with offspring neurodevelopment. Additionally, we investigated whether neonatal circulating metabolites could improve the prediction of offspring neurodevelopmental disorders over traditional risk factors. : The retrospective cohort study enrolled 1228 mother-child dyads in South China.

Synthesis of P(AM/AA/SSS/DMAAC-16) and Studying Its Performance as a Fracturing Thickener in Oilfields.

In order to solve the problems of long dissolution and preparation time, cumbersome preparation, and easy moisture absorption and deterioration during storage or transportation, acrylamide (AM), acrylic acid (AA), sodium p-styrene sulfonate (SSS), and cetyl dimethylallyl ammonium chloride (DMAAC-16) were selected as raw materials, and the emulsion thickener P(AM/AA/SSS), which can be instantly dissolved in water and rapidly thickened, was prepared by the reversed-phase emulsion polymerization method. DMAAC-16, the influence of emulsifier dosage, oil-water ratio, monomer molar ratio, monomer dosage, aqueous pH, initiator dosage, reaction temperature, reaction time, and other factors on the experiment was explored by a single-factor experiment, and the optimal process was determined as follows: the oil-water volume ratio was 0.4, the emulsifier dosage was 7% of the oil phase mass, the initiator dosage was 0.

Investigating the Therapeutic Mechanisms of Total Saikosaponins in Alzheimer's Disease: A Metabolomic and Proteomic Approach.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia among the elderly, yet effective treatments remain elusive. Total saikosaponins (TSS), the primary bioactive components in , have shown promising therapeutic effects against AD in previous studies. : To delve deeper into the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic role of TSS in AD, we investigated its neuroprotective effects and associated molecular mechanisms in APP/PS1 mice.

Selenium-Modified Biochar Synergistically Achieves the Safe Use of Selenium and the Inhibition of Heavy Metal Cadmium.

To address cadmium pollution in China's cultivated land, chitosan, inorganic and organic selenium were used to modify rice husk charcoal for cadmium inhibition. Basic physicochemical properties of rice husk carbons were characterized (BET, FTIR, XRD, Zeta potential). Kinetic and isothermal adsorption experiments studied the adsorption of Cd by modified biochar under different pH and dosages.

Green Tea Polyphenol Epigallocatechin Gallate Interactions with Copper-Serum Albumin.

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCg), an abundant phytochemical in green tea, is an antioxidant that also binds proteins and complex metals. After gastrointestinal absorption, EGCg binds to serum albumin in the hydrophobic pocket between domains IIA and IIIA and overlaps with the Sudlow I site. Serum albumin also has two metal binding sites, a high-affinity N-terminal site (NTS) site that selectively binds Cu(II), and a low-affinity, less selective multi-metal binding site (MBS).

Proteome-Wide Identification and Comparison of Drug Pockets for Discovering New Drug Indications and Side Effects.

Drug development faces significant financial and time challenges, highlighting the need for more efficient strategies. This study evaluated the druggability of the entire human proteome using Fpocket. We identified 15,043 druggable pockets in 20,255 predicted protein structures, significantly expanding the estimated druggable proteome from 3000 to over 11,000 proteins.

Development of a Vaccine Candidate Based on Surface-Displayed Particles of from the MTB39A Protein.

Tuberculosis (TB), a human and animal disease caused by (), has the highest global mortality rate after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and poses a major public health threat globally. Since 1890, vaccine candidates for various forms of TB have been developed for different age groups, but these vaccine candidates have not provided intended protection in adolescents and adults in clinical trials. To help prevent and control the spread of TB, the development of a safe and effective TB vaccine is imperative.

Integrated Metabolome, Transcriptome, and Physiological Analysis of the Flavonoid and Phenylethanol Glycosides Accumulation in Wild Roots from Different Habitats.

, a traditional medicinal plant, is commonly found on the Tibetan Plateau at altitudes of 3100-5200 m. Its primary active medicinal compounds, flavonoids and phenylethanol glycosides (PhGs), exhibit various pharmacological effects, including hemostatic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant activities. This study analyzed flavonoid and PhG metabolites in the roots of collected from Henan County (HN), Guoluo County (GL), Yushu County (YS), and Chengduo County (CD) in Qinghai Province.

Loss of Affects m6A Modification but Not Semen Characteristics in Bull Spermatozoa.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is a key methylation modification involved in reproductive processes. gene editing (MT) in cattle is known to enhance muscle mass and productivity. However, the changes in m6A modification in MT bull sperm remain poorly understood.

Neohesperidin Mitigates High-Fat-Diet-Induced Colitis In Vivo by Modulating Gut Microbiota and Enhancing SCFAs Synthesis.

Previous research has consistently shown that high-fat diet (HFD) consumption can lead to the development of colonic inflammation. Neohesperidin (NHP), a naturally occurring flavanone glycoside in citrus fruits, has anti-inflammatory properties. However, the efficacy and mechanism of NHP in countering prolonged HFD-induced inflammation remains unclear.