Symptomatic Vitreous Opacities: Exploring the Mismatch between Clinical Observation of Vitreous Alterations and Self-Reported Symptoms.

To assess the mismatch between the clinical observation of vitreous alterations and self-reported symptoms in young patients complaining of symptomatic vitreous opacities (SVO). The ophthalmic medical records of young patients presenting primarily with SVO were retrospectively evaluated. Symptoms severity was assessed using a questionnaire.

Development and validation of an in vitro model to study thrombin generation on the surface of catheters in platelet-poor and platelet-rich plasma.

Introduction: Coagulation activation on medical devices remains a significant problem as it can lead to dramatic thromboembolic complications. Understanding its poorly described mechanisms and finding optimal pharmacological prevention means is crucial to improve patient safety.

Methods: We developed an in vitro model to study thrombin generation (TG) initiated by the contact of plasma with the surface of catheters.

Glyphosate application may influence the transfer of trace elements from soils to both soil solutions and plants.

Trace element dynamics in the soil-plant system depends on multiple parameters, including chelating organic compounds from natural or synthetic organic matters. In this study, we evaluated the influence of one of the most common pesticides-glyphosate-on the mobility of trace elements considering contrasted soils (uncontaminated, anthropogenically contaminated, and naturally-enriched) in a greenhouse experiment. Four modalities have been tested: one control without any application, two with different glyphosate doses (1 and 3 times the authorised field dose), and one with compost addition to evaluate its potential ability to mitigate the impact of glyphosate on trace element mobility.

Disease Activity in Pregnant and Postpartum Women With Multiple Sclerosis Receiving Ocrelizumab or Other Disease-Modifying Therapies.

Background And Objectives: Women with multiple sclerosis (MS) are at risk of disease reactivation in the early postpartum period. Ocrelizumab (OCR) is an anti-CD20 therapy highly effective at reducing MS disease activity. Data remain limited regarding use of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), including OCR, and disease activity during peripregnancy periods.

Application of the estimand framework for an emulated trial using reference based multiple imputation to investigate informative censoring.

Background: The ICH E9 (R1) addendum on Estimands and Sensitivity analysis in Clinical trials proposes a framework for the design and analysis of clinical trials aimed at improving clarity around the definition of the targeted treatment effect (the estimand) of a study.

Methods: We adopt the estimand framework in the context of a study using "trial emulation" to estimate the risk of pneumocystis pneumonia, an opportunistic disease contracted by people living with HIV and AIDS having a weakened immune system, when considering two antibiotic treatment regimes for stopping antibiotic prophylaxis treatment against this disease. A "while on treatment" strategy has been implemented for post-randomisation (intercurrent) events.

Hypothesis-based investigation of known AD risk variants reveals the genetic underpinnings of neuropathological lesions observed in Alzheimer's-type dementia.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia worldwide. Besides neurofibrillary tangles and amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques, a wide range of co-morbid neuropathological features can be observed in AD brains. Since AD has a very strong genetic background and displays a wide phenotypic heterogeneity, this study aims at investigating the genetic underpinnings of co-morbid and hallmark neuropathological lesions.

Characterization of exclusive rib lesions detected by [ 68 Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT.

Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize exclusive costal lesions detected by 68 Gallium-labelled prostate-specific membrane antigen ([ 68 Ga]Ga-PSMA-11) PET/computed tomography (CT) at initial staging or biochemical recurrence (BCR) in prostate cancer (PCa) patients, and to identify clinical and/or PET/CT criteria associated with benign and malignant lesions.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 54 patients with PCa who underwent [ 68 Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT for initial staging ( N  = 39) or BCR ( N  = 15) and whose reports described rib lesions, at the exclusion of any other lesions, whether doubtful, suspicious, or established. Posttherapy prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels were used to determine whether those lesions were benign or malignant.

Dissolution, phase behavior and mass transport of amorphous solid dispersions in aspirated human intestinal fluids.

Amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs) typically show improved dissolution and generate supersaturated solutions, enhancing the oral bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs. To gain insights into intraluminal ASD behavior, we utilized two poorly soluble drugs with different crystallization tendencies, atazanavir and posaconazole, prepared as ASDs at a 10% drug loading with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetyl succinate (HPMCAS). We evaluated their release in aspirated fasted-state human intestinal fluid (FaHIF), and multi-component fasted-state simulated intestinal fluid (composite-FaSSIF), characterizing the supersaturation profiles and drug-rich nanodroplets that formed.

Chronic oral toxicity protocol for adult solitary bees (Osmia bicornis L.): Reduced survival under long-term exposure to a "bee-safe" insecticide.

Pollinators are essential for crop productivity. Yet, in agricultural areas, they may be threatened by pesticide exposure. Current pesticide risk assessments predominantly focus on honey bees, with a lack of standardized protocols for solitary bees.

Novel multi-omics deconfounding variational autoencoders can obtain meaningful disease subtyping.

Unsupervised learning, particularly clustering, plays a pivotal role in disease subtyping and patient stratification, especially with the abundance of large-scale multi-omics data. Deep learning models, such as variational autoencoders (VAEs), can enhance clustering algorithms by leveraging inter-individual heterogeneity. However, the impact of confounders-external factors unrelated to the condition, e.

Bile acid malabsorption investigated by selenium-75-homocholic acid taurine (75SeHCAT) scans, a retrospective single-centre experience.

Background: Bile acid malabsorption (BAM) is a common entity in patients experiencing chronic watery diarrhea. However, literature suggests that BAM is underdiagnosed and undertreated. In many countries 75SeHCAT is the gold standard for diagnosing BAM (1-5).

Solid-State Structures and Properties of Lignin Hydrogenolysis Oil Compounds: Shedding a Unique Light on Lignin Valorization.

This article explores the important, and yet often overlooked, solid-state structures of selected bioaromatic compounds commonly found in lignin hydrogenolysis oil, a renewable bio-oil that holds great promise to substitute fossil-based aromatic molecules in a wide range of chemical and material industrial applications. At first, single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) was applied to the lignin model compounds, dihydroconiferyl alcohol, propyl guaiacol, and eugenol dimers, in order to elucidate the fundamental molecular interactions present in such small lignin-derived polyols. Then, considering the potential use of these lignin-derived molecules as building blocks for polymer applications, structural analysis was also performed for two chemically modified model compounds, i.

Exploring the Antibacterial and Antiparasitic Activity of Phenylaminonaphthoquinones-Green Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Computational Study.

Organic compounds with antibacterial and antiparasitic properties are gaining significance for biomedical applications. This study focuses on the solvent-free synthesis (green synthesis) of 1,4-naphthoquinone or 2,3-dichloro-1,4-naphthoquinone with different phenylamines using silica gel as an acid solid support. The study also includes in silico PASS predictions and the discovery of antibacterial and antiparasitic properties of phenylaminonaphthoquinone derivatives -, which can be further applied in drug discovery and development.

Metabolic Engineering and Process Intensification for Muconic Acid Production Using .

The efficient production of biobased organic acids is crucial to move to a more sustainable and eco-friendly economy, where muconic acid is gaining interest as a versatile platform chemical to produce industrial building blocks, including adipic acid and terephthalic acid. In this study, a platform strain able to convert glucose and xylose into ,-muconic acid was further engineered to eliminate C2 dependency, improve muconic acid tolerance, enhance production and growth performance, and substantially reduce the side production of the intermediate protocatechuic acid. This was achieved by reintroducing the gene and overexpression of genes.

Trastuzumab Deruxtecan with Nivolumab in HER2-Expressing Metastatic Breast or Urothelial Cancer: Analysis of the Phase Ib DS8201-A-U105 Study.

Purpose: This multicenter phase Ib study investigated trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd) plus nivolumab in patients with HER2-expressing metastatic breast cancer (mBC) and metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC).

Patients And Methods: Part 1 determined the recommended dose for expansion of T-DXd plus nivolumab. Part 2 evaluated efficacy and safety; the primary endpoint was confirmed objective response rate by independent central review.

EthoCRED: a framework to guide reporting and evaluation of the relevance and reliability of behavioural ecotoxicity studies.

Behavioural analysis has been attracting significant attention as a broad indicator of sub-lethal toxicity and has secured a place as an important subdiscipline in ecotoxicology. Among the most notable characteristics of behavioural research, compared to other established approaches in sub-lethal ecotoxicology (e.g.