Sex differences in the relationships between 24-h rest-activity patterns and plasma markers of Alzheimer's disease pathology.

Background: Although separate lines of research indicated a moderating role of sex in both sleep-wake disruption and in the interindividual vulnerability to Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related processes, the quantification of sex differences in the interplay between sleep-wake dysregulation and AD pathology remains critically overlooked. Here, we examined sex-specific associations between circadian rest-activity patterns and AD-related pathophysiological processes across the adult lifespan.

Methods: Ninety-two cognitively unimpaired adults (mean age = 59.

A stratified treatment algorithm in psychiatry: a program on stratified pharmacogenomics in severe mental illness (Psych-STRATA): concept, objectives and methodologies of a multidisciplinary project funded by Horizon Europe.

Schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar (BD) and major depression disorder (MDD) are severe psychiatric disorders that are challenging to treat, often leading to treatment resistance (TR). It is crucial to develop effective methods to identify and treat patients at risk of TR at an early stage in a personalized manner, considering their biological basis, their clinical and psychosocial characteristics. Effective translation of theoretical knowledge into clinical practice is essential for achieving this goal.

Determination of 16 Hydroxyanthracene Derivatives in Food Supplements Using LC-MS/MS: Method Development and Application.

Hydroxyanthracene derivatives (HADs) are plant substances produced by a variety of plant species, including different , , and species and These plants are often used in food supplements to improve bowel function. However, recently, the European Commission prohibited a number of HADs due to toxicological concerns. These HADs included aloin (aloin A and aloin B), aloe-emodin, emodin, and danthron.

Toward Marker-Assisted Selection in Breeding for Wilt Tropical Race-4 Type Resistant Bananas.

wilt is a soil borne fungal disease that has devastated banana production in plantations around the world. Most Cavendish-type bananas are susceptible to strains of f. sp.

Effectiveness of the BNT162b2 XBB.1.5-adapted vaccine against COVID-19 hospitalization related to the JN.1 variant in Europe: a test-negative case-control study using the id.DRIVE platform.

Background: Prior studies have reported lower effectiveness of XBB.1.5-adapted vaccines against hospitalization related to the Omicron JN.

Case 336.

A 10-month-old female infant, who was second-born, was referred for progressive macrocephaly, axial hypotonia, developmental delay, and limb stiffness. Birth had occurred at 41 weeks, after an uneventful pregnancy and delivery, to nonconsanguineous parents. Noticeably, the child could not hold her head up at 4 months or sit at 10 months of age.

Efficacy and safety of antibody-drug conjugates in pretreated HER2-low metastatic breast cancer: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Introduction: Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) trastuzumab-deruxtecan (T-DXd) and sacituzumab-govitecan (SG) provided significant progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) improvements over chemotherapy (CT) in pretreated hormone receptor-positive (HR+) and triple-negative (TN)/HER2-low metastatic breast cancer (MBC). However, no direct comparison between the two exists, nor with the more recent datopotamab-deruxtecan (Dato-DXd).

Methods: We conducted a network meta-analysis (NMA) to compare efficacy and safety of T-DXd and SG in CT-pretreated HR+ and TN/HER2-low MBC and assess their benefit over standard CT, exploring also a comparison with Dato-DXd.

Uneven Distribution of Purkinje Cell Injury in the Cerebellar Vermis of Term Neonates with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy.

In term neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE), cerebellar injury is becoming more and more acknowledged. Animal studies demonstrated that Purkinje cells (PCs) are especially vulnerable for hypoxic-ischemic injury. In neonates, however, the extent and pattern of PC injury has not been investigated.

Pulsed Field Ablation Using Focal Contact Force-Sensing Catheters for Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation: 1-Year Outcomes of the ECLIPSE AF Study.

Background: Pulsed field ablation (PFA) is a promising treatment for atrial fibrillation. We report 1-year freedom from atrial arrhythmia outcomes using monopolar PFA delivered through 3 commercial, contact force-sensing focal catheters.

Methods: ECLIPSE AF (NCT04523545) was a prospective, single-arm, multicenter study evaluating acute and chronic safety and performance using the CENTAURI system to deliver focal PFA with TactiCath SE, StablePoint, and ThermoCool ST.

Covered Stent Correction for Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defects, an Emerging Alternative to Surgical Repair: Results of an International Registry.

Background: Covered stent correction for a sinus venosus atrial septal defect (SVASD) was first performed in 2009. This innovative approach was initially viewed as experimental and was reserved for highly selected patients with unusual anatomic variants. In 2016, increasing numbers of procedures began to be performed, and in several centers, it is now offered as a standard of care option alongside surgical repair.

Clinical importance of borderline proteinuria in nonazotemic cats and evaluation of other risk factors for the development of chronic kidney disease.

Background: Borderline proteinuria is associated with decreased survival in cats with azotemic chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Objectives: Determine the clinical importance of borderline proteinuria in nonazotemic cats.

Animals: A total of 201 healthy client-owned cats ≥7 years of age; 150 nonproteinuric (urinary protein : creatinine ratio [UPC] <0.

Validation of prognostic models predicting mortality or ICU admission in patients with COVID-19 in low- and middle-income countries: a global individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: We evaluated the performance of prognostic models for predicting mortality or ICU admission in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in the World Health Organization (WHO) Global Clinical Platform, a repository of individual-level clinical data of patients hospitalized with COVID-19, including in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).

Methods: We identified eligible multivariable prognostic models for predicting overall mortality and ICU admission during hospital stay in patients with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 from a living review of COVID-19 prediction models. These models were evaluated using data contributed to the WHO Global Clinical Platform for COVID-19 from nine LMICs (Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guinea, India, Niger, Nigeria, Zambia, and Zimbabwe).

Structural Commonalities Determined by Physicochemical Principles in the Complex Polymorphism of the Amyloid State of Proteins.

Advances in solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy and cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM) have revealed the polymorphic nature of the amyloid state of proteins. Given the association of amyloid with protein misfolding disorders, it is important to understand the principles underlying this polymorphism. To address this problem, we combined computational tools to predict the specific regions of the sequence forming the β-spine of amyloid fibrils with the availability of 30, 83 and 24 amyloid structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) and Amyloid Atlas (AA) for the amyloid β (Aβ) peptide, α-synuclein (αS), and the 4R isoforms of tau, associated with Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and various tauopathies, respectively.

Pharmaco-Invasive Strategy With Half-Dose Tenecteplase in Patients With STEMI: Prespecified Pooled Analysis of Patients Aged ≥75 Years in STREAM-1 and 2.

Background: In STREAM-1 (Strategic Reperfusion Early After Myocardial Infarction), excess intracranial hemorrhage occurred in patients aged ≥75 years receiving full-dose tenecteplase as part of a pharmaco-invasive strategy, whereas no further intracranial hemorrhage occurred after halving the tenecteplase dose. In STREAM-2 (Second Strategic Reperfusion Early After Myocardial Infarction), half-dose tenecteplase was an effective and safe pharmaco-invasive strategy in older patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction presenting within <3 hours, compared with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We prespecified evaluating the efficacy and safety of a half-dose versus full-dose pharmaco-invasive strategy and compared the half-dose pharmaco-invasive strategy to primary PCI in patients aged ≥75 years.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Dynamic Stress Myocardial CT Perfusion Compared with Invasive Physiology in Patients with Stents: The Advantage 2 Study.

Background The detection of in-stent restenosis (ISR) with coronary CT angiography (CCTA) is challenging, but CT perfusion (CTP) has demonstrated improved diagnostic accuracy over CCTA in patients with stents. However, there are limited data on the performance of dynamic CTP, which allows noninvasive adjudication of regional myocardial blood flow. Purpose To compare the diagnostic performance of regadenoson-stress dynamic CTP with that of CCTA, using fractional flow reserve (FFR) and the index of microvascular resistance (IMR) as reference standards for epicardial coronary circulation and coronary microcirculation, respectively.

FKBP5 as a key regulator of metabolic processes in birds: Insights from chicken pectoral muscle.

FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) is a negative regulator of the glucocorticoid response and may play an important role in regulating metabolic homeostasis in birds. However, limited information is available regarding its role in avian species. This study aimed to clarify the spatiotemporal characteristics of chicken FKBP5 and investigate the effects of exogenous stimuli on its expression.

Evidence-based guideline: premature ovarian insufficiency.

Study Question: How should premature/primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) be diagnosed and managed based on the best available evidence from published literature?

Summary Answer: The current guideline provides 145 recommendations on symptoms, diagnosis, causation, sequelae, and treatment of POI.

What Is Known Already: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) presents a significant challenge to women's health, with far-reaching implications, both physically and emotionally. The potential implications include adverse effects on quality of life; fertility; and bone, cardiovascular, and cognitive health.

Description of mitochondrial genomes and phylogenetic analysis of Megophthalminae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae).

To elucidate phylogenetic relationships within the leafhopper's subfamily Megophthalminae (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), mitogenomes of 12 species of the subfamily were sequenced and assembled. These were added to the mitogenomes of the eight other species that are currently available. Mitogenome size ranged from 15,193 bp in Onukigallia onukii (Matsumura, 1912) to 15,986 bp in Multinervis guangxiensis (Li and Li, 2013), they all contained 37 genes, and gene order was similar to that in other leafhoppers.

Evidence-based guideline: Premature Ovarian Insufficiency.

Study Question: How should premature/primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) be diagnosed and managed, based on the best available evidence from published literature?

Summary Answer: The current guideline provides 145 recommendations on symptoms, diagnosis, causation, sequelae and treatment of POI.

What Is Known Already: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) presents a significant challenge to women's health, with far-reaching implications, both physically and emotionally. The potential implications include adverse effects on quality of life; fertility; and bone, cardiovascular and cognitive health.

Diagnosing american bison pregnancy during its two last trimesters: Comparison between rectal palpation associated with ultrasonography and hormonal assays in serum or in feces.

The study aimed to propose sensitive, specific and easy pregnancy diagnosis for American Bison. Trans-rectal Palpation and Ultrasonography (TRPUS), concentration of Pregnancy Associated Glycoproteins (PAG), Progesterone (P4), Estrone (E1), Estrone-Sulfate (E1S) in serum and P4 and E1S in feces were compared. Immunoassay was used for PAG, whereas steroids were assayed using Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry.

CNN-Based Device-Agnostic Feature Extraction From ONH OCT Scans.

Purpose: Optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived measurements of the optic nerve head (ONH) from different devices are not interchangeable. This poses challenges to patient follow-up and collaborative studies. Here, we present a device-agnostic method for the extraction of OCT biomarkers using artificial intelligence.

Complete genome sequence of a new poacevirus infecting wild oat (Avena fatua L.) in France.

Using a high-throughput sequencing (HTS) approach, we report the discovery of a new poacevirus (family Potyviridae) in symptomatic wild oat (Avena fatua L.) plants collected near Bordeaux, France, in June 2023. A nearly complete genome sequence of 10,292 nucleotides (nt) was obtained.

Gla Rich Protein (GRP) Mediates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell (VSMC) Osteogenic Differentiation, Extracellular Vesicle (EV) Calcification Propensity, and Immunomodulatory Properties.

Vascular calcification (VC) is a complex process involving vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) osteogenic differentiation, inflammation, and extracellular vesicle (EV) calcification and communication networks. Gla rich protein (GRP) is a calcification inhibitor involved in most of these processes. However, the molecular mechanism of GRP in VC and the specific characteristics, cargo, and functionality of calcifying EVs require further elucidation.