Identification and characterization of spontaneous AA amyloidosis in CD-1 mice used in toxicity studies: implications of SAA1 and SAA2 copy number variations.

Amyloidosis is characterized by the extracellular deposition of insoluble protein fibrils that cause cellular damage and dysfunction in organs and tissues. Multiple types of amyloidosis and their causative precursor proteins have been identified in humans and animals. In toxicological studies, a high incidence of spontaneous amyloidosis has been reported in CD-1 mice; however, the precursor protein responsible remains unclear.

Clinical and surgical factors influencing screw breakage during hardware removal following periacetabular osteotomy.

Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) is a procedure used to treat patients with hip dysplasia. Current literature reports symptomatic hardware removal (HWR) rates of 13.6% following PAO.

Genotype-function-phenotype correlations for SCN1A variants identified by clinical genetic testing.

Objective: Interpretation of clinical genetic testing, which identifies a potential genetic etiology in 25% of children with epilepsy, is limited by variants of uncertain significance. Understanding functional consequences of variants can help distinguish pathogenic from benign alleles. We combined automated patch clamp recording with neurophysiological simulations to discern genotype-function-phenotype correlations in a real-world cohort of children with SCN1A-associated epilepsy.

Novel Perylene Diimide-Benzothaizole Hybrid: A Reaction-Based Probe for the Detection and Discrimination of HS, Cys and DTT.

The reaction-based probe perylene diimide-hydroxyphenyl benzothiazole (PR) can be used for the detection and discrimination of HS, DTT and Cys in 20% HEPES buffer-DMSO and DMSO. The HS induced radical anion formation of PR in 20% HEPES buffer and thiolysis of the ether bond of PR in DMSO. However, the addition of DTT showed only a decrease in the absorbance intensity and Cys showed insignificant behaviour towards PR in DMSO.

The Association Between Autism Spectrum Disorders and Dietary Intake of Carbohydrates in School-Aged Children in Iran: A Case-Control Study.

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with both genetic and environmental risk factors. Imbalanced dietary Intake has recently been proposed as a possible environmental risk factor for ASD. The purpose of this study was to investigate the possible connection between ASD and intake of various carbohydrate types.

Exploring the ability of plasma pTau217, pTau181 and beta-amyloid in mirroring cerebrospinal fluid biomarker profile of Mild Cognitive Impairment by the fully automated Lumipulse platform.

Background: The approval of new disease-modifying therapies by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicine Agency makes it necessary to optimize non-invasive and cost-effective tools for the identification of subjects at-risk of developing Alzheimer's Disease (AD).

TET2-mediated 5-hydroxymethylcytosine of TXNIP promotes cell cycle arrest in systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma.

Background: 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) modification represents a significant epigenetic modification within DNA, playing a pivotal role in a range of biological processes associated with various types of cancer. The role of 5hmC in systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) has not been thoroughly investigated. This study aims to examine the function of 5hmC in the advancement of ALCL.

The genomes of the most diverse AA genome rice species provide a resource for rice improvement and studies of rice evolution and domestication.

Rice (Oryza sativa) is a staple food crop globally, with origins in wild progenitors within the AA genome group of Oryza species. Oryza rufipogon and Oryza meridionalis are native to tropical Asia and Northern Australia and offer unique genetic reservoirs. Here we explored the relationships of the genomes of these wild rice species with the domesticated rice genome.

A beneficial levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D for a decrease in thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAB) in patients with Graves' disease: a real-world study.

Objective: This study aimed to determine whether a relationship exist between pre-therapy 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and the remission/negative conversion rates of thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAB) during treatment in patients with newly diagnosed Graves' disease (GD).

Methods: 171 patients were included from the Endocrinology Department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University in March 2013 to April 2016. Ninety-five patients of them were diagnosed at our hospital but transferred to local hospitals for treatment.

Psychotropic Polypharmacy in Dementia: A Retrospective Analysis for People with Neuropsychiatric Symptoms Referred to an Australian Dementia Support Service.

Background And Objectives: Despite their limited benefits and serious adverse effects, psychotropics remain frequently prescribed for neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) of dementia. Psychotropic polypharmacy, the use of two or more concomitant psychotropic medications, is therefore not recommended for people with dementia. The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of psychotropic polypharmacy in Australians living with dementia whose caregivers sought external NPS support from Dementia Support Australia (DSA; the national provider of NPS support) and the association of psychotropic polypharmacy with their demographics and NPS characteristics.

A multicenter, randomized, open label, two formulation, crossover bioequivalence trial of doxorubicin hydrochloride liposomal injection in Chinese patients with metastatic breast cancer.

Purpose: The primary objectives of this trial were aimed at exploring the pharmacokinetic profiles and the human bioequivalence of an intravenous liposomal injection of doxorubicin hydrochloride in comparison with a reference formulation in Chinese patients diagnosed with metastatic breast cancer.

Methods: To achieve these goals, the trial employed a randomized, open-label, two-formulation crossover dosing strategy among Chinese patients with metastatic breast cancer. Pharmacokinetic (PK) evaluation was conducted through the collection of blood samples, and the liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) method was leveraged to quantify plasma concentrations of both liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin and non-encapsulated doxorubicin in patients.

Fabrication and mechanical properties of porous tantalum carbon composites by chemical vapor deposition.

This study investigates the deposition of tantalum (Ta) coatings on carbon foams using the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method to enhance their compressive strength. Two types of open-cell carbon foams, CF-1 and CF-2, with different strut diameters, were examined. The morphology and uniformity of the coatings were characterized, and the effect of coating thickness on the compressive strength of the foams was systematically analyzed.

Complete pathway elucidation of echinacoside in Cistanche tubulosa and de novo biosynthesis of phenylethanoid glycosides.

Echinacoside (ECH), one of the most representative phenylethanoid glycosides (PhGs), has considerable neuroprotective effects and is an effective ingredient in numerous commercial drugs. Here, we elucidate the complete ECH biosynthetic pathway in the medicinal plant Cistanche tubulosa. In total, 14 related genes are cloned and functionally characterized.

Serum levels of Wnt5a in Egyptian women with obesity and their association with toll like receptor 2 Arg753Gln gene polymorphism in a pilot case control study of obesity as a state of metaflammation.

Female obesity is a worldwide health issue linked to chronic metabolic low-grade inflammation (metaflammation) causing multiple obesity-related co-morbid conditions. We aimed to assess the serum levels of wingless integration site family member 5 A (Wnt5a), leptin, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) as markers of obesity-associated metaflammation and investigate the association with toll-like receptors2 (TLR2) gene (Arg753Gln) single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) among Egyptian females. The study included 60 females with obesity and 30 matched controls.

OGG1 and MUTYH repair activities promote telomeric 8-oxoguanine induced senescence in human fibroblasts.

Telomeres are hypersensitive to the formation of the common oxidative lesion 8-oxoguanine (8oxoG), which impacts telomere stability and function. OGG1 and MUTYH glycosylases initiate base excision repair (BER) to remove 8oxoG or prevent mutation. Here, we show OGG1 loss or inhibition, or MUTYH loss, partially rescues telomeric 8oxoG-induced premature senescence and associated proinflammatory responses, while loss of both glycosylases causes a near complete rescue in human fibroblasts.

Retrospective Evaluation of Novel Synthetic Opioids and Xylazine Chronic Intake by Post-Mortem Hair Testing.

Fentanyl and its derivatives (nonpharmaceutical fentanyl, NPFs) represent the largest group among synthetic opioids. Fentanyl-related deaths and fatalities from tampering with pharmaceutical products have been reported. Furthermore, in the United States, adulterants such as xylazine and other substances, including the nitazenes class of opioids, have been found in an increasing number of unintentional overdose deaths, drug seizures, and reports of use by recreational drug users.

Origins of T-cell-mediated autoimmunity in acquired aplastic anaemia.

Acquired aplastic anaemia (AA) is an autoimmune bone marrow failure disease resulting from a cytotoxic T-cell-mediated attack on haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Despite significant progress in understanding the T-cell repertoire alterations in AA, identifying specific pathogenic T cells in AA patients has remained elusive, primarily due to the unknown antigenic targets of the autoimmune attack. In this review, we will synthesize findings from several decades of research to critically evaluate the current knowledge on T-cell repertoires in AA.

Impact of Time to Catheter-Based Therapy on Outcomes in Acute Pulmonary Embolism.

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the impact of early versus delayed catheter-based therapies (CBTs) on clinical outcomes in patients with acute intermediate-risk pulmonary embolism (PE).

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from 2 academic centers involving patients with intermediate-risk PE from January 2020 to January 2024. Patients were divided into early (<12 hours) and delayed CBT (≥12 hours) groups.

Deep Learning-Enabled Assessment of Right Ventricular Function Improves Prognostication After Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Repair for Mitral Regurgitation.

Background: Right ventricular (RV) function has a well-established prognostic role in patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR) undergoing transcatheter edge-to-edge repair (TEER) and is typically assessed using echocardiography-measured tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion. Recently, a deep learning model has been proposed that accurately predicts RV ejection fraction (RVEF) from 2-dimensional echocardiographic videos, with similar diagnostic accuracy as 3-dimensional imaging. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the deep learning-predicted RVEF values in patients with severe MR undergoing TEER.

Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in Alzheimer Disease: A Comparison Between Different Versions of the Boston Criteria.

Objectives: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is the main driver of amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIAs) in Alzheimer disease (AD). We compared different versions of the Boston criteria for CAA diagnosis in AD.

Methods: This article presents a single-center analysis (outpatient neurodegenerative clinic) of patients with AD with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or early dementia, meeting NIA-AA criteria and having biological amyloid confirmation (CSF or imaging).

Impact of Atrial Fibrillation Diagnosis-to-Ablation Time on 24-Month Efficacy and Safety Outcomes in the Cryo Global Registry.

Background And Aims: Early rhythm-control therapy in atrial fibrillation (AF) results in higher freedom from atrial arrhythmia (AA) recurrence and improved cardiovascular outcomes. The optimal timing of Cryoballoon ablation (CBA) is unknown.

Methods: We evaluated AA recurrence and procedure-related complications of early vs.

Differentiation of Atherosclerotic Carotid Plaque Components With Dual-Energy Computed Tomography.

Objectives: Carotid plaque vulnerability is a strong predictor of recurrent ipsilateral stroke, but differentiation of plaque components using conventional computed tomography (CT) is suboptimal. The aim of our study was to evaluate the ability of dual-energy CT (DECT) to characterize atherosclerotic carotid plaque components based on the effective atomic number and effective electron density using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and, where possible, histology as the reference standard.

Materials And Methods: Patients with recent cerebral ischemia and a ≥2-mm carotid plaque underwent computed tomography angiography and MRI.

Proton Exchange Membrane with Dual-Active-Center Surpasses the Conventional Temperature Limitations of Fuel Cells.

High temperature-proton exchange membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFC) call for ionomers with low humidity dependence and elevated-temperature resistance. Traditional perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) ionomers encounter challenges in meeting these stringent requirements. Herein, this study reports a perfluoroimide multi-acid (PFMA) ionomer with dual active centers achieved through the incorporation of sulfonimide and phosphonic acid groups into the side chain.

Effect of Valproate Coprescription on Clozapine Pharmacokinetics in Clinical Practice.

Background: Sodium valproate has been coprescribed with clozapine for seizure prophylaxis and for augmentation in treatment-refractory schizophrenia. However, the effect of valproate on clozapine metabolism and on the incidence of clozapine-related side effects is unclear.

Methods: We compared clozapine dose and plasma clozapine and N-desmethylclozapine (norclozapine) concentrations in smokers and nonsmokers of both sexes in samples submitted for clozapine therapeutic drug monitoring, 1996-2017 in relation to valproate coprescription.