Estimation of potential denitrification and its spatiotemporal dynamics in seasonally inundated geomorphic units of a large tropical river using satellite data.

Denitrification in large tropical river systems is likely important for nitrogen retention estimates, but is limited by the need for measurements and the ability to scale these estimates to relate seasonal changes to river geomorphology and discharge. Geomorphic units (GUs), that describe the structure of a river system based on their inundation frequency and vegetation cover, may be useful to characterise features that influence denitrification rates. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that measurements of potential denitrification rate (PDR) using denitrification enzyme assays from different GUs could be used to1) relate PDR to soil, vegetation and different land use and land-cover (LULC) types as controlling factors and 2) that these characteristics could be assessed using remote sensing data to model PDR over a large spatial scale (along a 50 km reach) for the Padma River (Bangladesh).

Serum Vitamin D Status in Infants with Cholestatic Jaundice.

Cholestatic jaundice is a potentially serious condition that requires early diagnosis for proper management. Fat-soluble vitamin (FSV) deficiency develops as a consequence of cholestasis. Vitamin D deficiency is common and remains a challenge in patients with cholestasis.

Isolation, Structure Elucidation, and Bioactivity Evaluation of Two Alkaloids From H. Stem: A Traditional Medicinal Spice and Its Chemico-Pharmacological Aspects.

Bangladesh is endowed with an abundance of excellent medicinal plant resources. A well-known traditional medicinal plant H. from the Piperaceae family is rich in bioactive phytochemicals that have antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, analgesic, antioxidant, anticancer, and cytotoxic effects.

Transforming Households with Refraction and Innovative Financial Technology (THRIFT): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of vision interventions and online banking among the elderly in Kurigram.

Introduction: Presbyopia, difficulty in seeing close-ups, affects a billion people globally. Mobile financial services (MFS) have been mandated since January 2021 for Bangladesh government social safety net payments, including old age allowance (OAA) and widow allowance (WA). We report the protocol for the Transforming Households with Refraction and Innovative Financial Technology randomised trial assessing the impact on the use of online banking of providing presbyopic safety net beneficiaries with reading glasses, and brief smartphone and mobile banking app training.

Assessment of clot-lysing and membrane-stabilizing capacity of ascorbic acid: approach with molecular docking.

This study aimed to evaluate the clot-lysing and membrane stabilizing capacities of ascorbic acid (AA) using and methods. For this, we used clot lysis and hemolyzing tests to check the anti-atherothrombosis and membrane-stabilizing properties of AA, respectively. Additionally, molecular docking studies were performed to investigate AA's interactions with cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and plasminogen enzymes.

Efficacy and safety of Donidalorsen in Hereditary Angioedema with C1 inhibitor deficiency: a systematic review and a meta analysis.

Hereditary angioedema with C1 inhibitor deficiency (HAE-C1-INH) is a rare disorder characterized by recurrent, potentially life-threatening swelling in various parts of the body, including the limbs, face, and airways Current treatments focus primarily on symptomatic relief and the management of acute attacks, without targeting the underlying genetic cause or the dysregulated bradykinin production. Donidalorsen, a novel antisense oligonucleotide, addresses a key driver of HAE-C1-INH by targeting prekallikrein (PKK) to reduce bradykinin levels. This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety of Donidalorsen versus placebo, focusing on two dosing regimens: 4-week and 8-week intervals.

Cinnamaldehyde ameliorates diabetes-induced biochemical impairments and AGEs macromolecules in a pre-clinical model of diabetic nephropathy.

Purpose: Cinnamaldehyde, has various therapeutic potentials including glucose-lowering effect, and insulinotropic effect; however, its glycation inhibitory mechanism is not known yet. In this study, we explored the effects of cinnamaldehyde for its AGEs inhibitory mechanism in a streptozotocin-complete Freund's adjuvant (STZ-CFA) induced diabetic nephropathy (DN) rat model.

Methods: Pre-clinical DN model was developed by the administration of multiple low doses of STZ-CFA in rats, mainly characterized by abnormal blood parameters and nephrotic damages.

NAT10 promotes liver lipogenesis in mouse through N4-acetylcytidine modification of Srebf1 and Scap mRNA.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), closely linked to excessive lipogenesis, induces chronic liver disease. MASLD often cause other metabolic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and obesity. However, the mechanism of N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10)-mediated N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) mRNA modification in lipogenesis of MASLD has not been fully elucidated.

First-line therapy for high-risk people with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a network meta-analysis.

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: Primary objective: to assess the benefits and harms of currently recommended regimens as the first-line therapy in high-risk people with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, using network meta-analysis Secondary objectives: to assess whether the benefits and harms of the recommended regimens differ according to sex, Rai stage, or genetic mutation status to estimate the ranking of treatments for overall survival, progression-free survival, objective response rate, complete response rate, minimal residual disease, and serious adverse events to estimate the overall rate of adverse events and serious adverse events.

A robust deep learning approach for identification of RNA 5-methyluridine sites.

RNA 5-methyluridine (m5U) sites play a significant role in understanding RNA modifications, which influence numerous biological processes such as gene expression and cellular functioning. Consequently, the identification of m5U sites can play a vital role in the integrity, structure, and function of RNA molecules. Therefore, this study introduces GRUpred-m5U, a novel deep learning-based framework based on a gated recurrent unit in mature RNA and full transcript RNA datasets.

Abietic acid antagonizes the anti-inflammatory effects of celecoxib and ketoprofen: Preclinical assessment and molecular dynamic simulations.

The present work is designed to explore the anti-inflammatory properties of AA and its modulatory effects on celecoxib (CEL) and ketoprofen (KET) through in vitro, ex vivo, in vivo, and in silico approaches. Different concentrations of AA were utilized to evaluate the membrane-stabilizing potential via egg albumin and the Human Red Blood Cell (HRBC) denaturation model. In the animal model, formalin (50 μL) was injected into the right hind paw of young chicks to induce inflammation.

Upgrading Isoquercitrin Concentration via Submerge Fermentation of Mulberry Fruit Extract with Edible Probiotics to Suppress Gene Targets for Controlling Kidney Cancer and Inflammation.

In recent years, kidney cancer has become one of the most serious medical issues. Kidney cancer is treated with a variety of active compounds that trigger genes that cause cancer. We identified in our earlier research that isoquercitrin (IQ) can activate PIK3CA, IGF1R, and PTGS2.

H-NOX Influences Biofilm Formation, Central Metabolism, and Quorum Sensing in .

The transition from planktonic to biofilm growth in bacteria is often accompanied by greater resistance to antibiotics and other stressors, as well as distinct alterations in physical traits, genetic activity, and metabolic restructuring. In many species, the heme nitric oxide/oxygen binding proteins (H-NOX) play an important role in this process, although the signaling mechanisms and pathways in which they participate are quite diverse and largely unknown. In , deletion of the gene results in a severe biofilm-deficient phenotype.

Flexible high electrochemical collagen/lignin composite hydrogel for sensing and supercapacitor applications.

Synthesis of polymer-based highly conductive hydrogels from natural and renewable sources with robust mechanical performances in flexible electronics remains a great challenge. In this research, a dynamic redox system is designed by using collagen (CL), sulfonate lignin (SL), acrylic acid (AA), and Al to synthesize CL/PAA/SL/Al hydrogels. The formation of effective complexes of Al with the abundant functional groups of CL, SL and PAA, the prepared hydrogel delivers various specific properties, for example, excellent ionic conductivity (4.

DOTAGEL: a hydrogen and amide bonded, gelatin based, tunable, antibacterial, and high strength adhesive synthesized in an unoxidized environment.

The development of bioadhesives that concurrently exhibit high adhesion strength, biocompatibility, and tunable properties and involve simple fabrication processes continues to be a significant challenge. In this study, a novel bioadhesive named DOTAGEL is synthesized by crosslinking gelatin (GA), dopamine (DA), and tannic acid (TA) in an unoxidized environment due to the advantage of controlling the degree of protonation in GA and TA, as well as controlling the degree of intermolecular amide and hydrogen bonding in the acidic medium. DOTAGEL (DA + TA + GA) shows superior adhesion strengths of 104.

Integrating user- and data-driven weather forecasts to develop legitimate, credible, and salient information services for smallholders in the Global South.

Climate-related risks and variability pose significant challenges to the livelihoods and food security of smallholder farmers practicing rainfed agriculture. Many smallholders have limited access to weather information from climate services, and this information is often not tailored to their specific context and needs. Therefore, they rely on local ecological knowledge.

Treatment Outcomes and Definition Inconsistencies in High-Risk Unilateral Retinoblastoma.

Purpose: To compare the clinical outcomes of children with unilateral retinoblastoma (Rb) and high-risk histopathology features (HRHF) following upfront enucleation with/without adjuvant chemotherapy, and investigate cases locally considered non-HRHF but converted to a standardized HRHF definition.

Design: Retrospective multinational clinical cohort study.

Methods: Children with Rb who presented to 21 centers from 12 countries between 2011-2020, and underwent primary enucleation were recruited.

Health hazardous index based trace metals and essential acids analysis of size-dependent market available Hilsa fish, Bangladesh: Experimental and chemometric approaches.

With priority given to various-sized samples of market-available Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha), human health consequences of trace metals along with total essential acids, including the fatty acid (FA) and amino acid (AA) profile were measured and compared to different size groups (G I, G II, and G III) using chemometric approaches. Essential amino acids were lower than nonessential amino acids. The G III contained the highest (97.

An in silico molecular docking and simulation study to identify potential anticancer phytochemicals targeting the RAS signaling pathway.

The dysregulation of the rat sarcoma (RAS) signaling pathway, particularly the MAPK/ERK cascade, is a hallmark of many cancers, leading to uncontrolled cellular proliferation and resistance to apoptosis-inducing treatments. Dysregulation of the MAPK/ERK pathway is common in various cancers including pancreatic, lung, and colon cancers, making it a critical target for therapeutic intervention. Natural compounds, especially phytochemicals, offer a promising avenue for developing new anticancer therapies due to their potential to interfere with these signaling pathways.

Emergence of SARS-CoV-2 Variants Are Induced by Coinfections With Dengue.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that emerged in late 2019 has accumulated a series of point mutations and evolved into several variants of concern (VOCs), some of which are more transmissible and potentially more severe than the original strain. The most notable VOCs are Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron, which have spread to various parts of the world. This study conducted surveillance in Jashore, Bangladesh to identify the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 coinfected with dengue virus and their genomic effect on the emergence of VOCs.

Enhancing prebiotic, antioxidant, and nutritional qualities of noodles: A collaborative strategy with foxtail millet and green banana flour.

Foxtail millet (FM) and green banana (GB) are rich in health-promoting nutrients and bioactive substances, like antioxidants, dietary fibers, and various essential macro and micronutrients. Utilizing GB and FM flour as prebiotics is attributed to their ability to support gut health and offer multiple health benefits. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact of incorporating 10% GB flour (GBF) and different proportions (10-40%) of FM flour (FMF) on the prebiotic potential, antioxidant, nutrient, color, cooking quality, water activity and sensory attributes of noodles.

Safety and efficacy of intra-erythrocyte dexamethasone sodium phosphate in children with ataxia telangiectasia (ATTeST): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial.

Background: Ataxia telangiectasia is a multisystem disorder with progressive neurodegeneration. Corticosteroids can improve neurological functioning in patients with the disorder but adrenal suppression and symptom recurrence on treatment discontinuation has limited their use, prompting the development of novel steroid delivery systems. The aim of the ATTeST study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of intra-erythrocyte delivery of dexamethasone sodium phosphate compared with placebo in children with ataxia telangiectasia.

Fungicide resistance in Colletotrichum fructicola and Colletotrichum siamense causing peach anthracnose in China.

Peach is one of the popular and economically important fruit crops in China. Peach cultivation is hampered due to attacks of anthracnose disease, causing significant economic losses. Colletotrichum fructicola and Colletotrichum siamense belong to the Colletotrichum gloeosporioides species complex and are considered major pathogens of peach anthracnose.