Case Report: Percutaneous Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for the Treatment of Occipital Neuralgia.

Headaches are among the most prevalent medical complaints globally. Occipital neuralgia is a chronic headache disorder characterized by unilateral or bilateral severe pain originating in the neck or skull base and radiating up along the occipital nerve distribution. Effective treatment options for occipital neuralgia can be challenging and some patients may prove to be refractory to conventional medical and interventional therapies.

Incidence and Factors in Delayed Neurological Deficits after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Mice.

Background: Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is one of the most feared complications in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Animal models are crucial to studying the disease mechanisms and potential treatments. DCI in rodents was thought to not exist; herein we examine literature and our experience with DCI in rodents.

Improving the Clinical Diagnostic Criteria for Genetically Confirmed Adult-Onset Huntington Disease: Considering Nonmotor Presentations.

Background: Huntington disease (HD) is a genetic neurodegenerative disorder. Given the focus on motor manifestations, nonmotor symptoms are frequently underappreciated in clinical evaluations, despite frequently contributing to primary functional impairment.

Recent Findings: A diagnosis of motor-onset as the definition of manifest symptoms misrepresents the complex nature of HD presentation.

Antipsychotic Use in Older Adults With Dementia: Community and Nursing Facility Trends in Texas, 2015-2020.

Objectives: To assess recent trends in antipsychotic use among older adults with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRDs) according to their residential status and determine the factors associated with the use of antipsychotics.

Design: Population-based, cross-sectional study using Texas Medicare Fee-for-Service data.

Setting And Participants: Individuals ≥ 65 years of age with ADRDs who had at least 3 months of Medicare Part A and B, and Part D for prescription drug coverage, in any year between 2015 and 2020.

A pathway from fragmentation to interoperability through standards-based enterprise architecture to enhance patient safety.

Creating an ontology is the essential step in natural language processing (NLP). To improve patient safety in this era of generative AI, it is crucial to develop a standards-driven, ontology-based architecture for patient safety that can seamlessly integrate with health systems, thereby facilitating effective detection and monitoring potentially preventable harms in healthcare. This visionary, whole-system approach to patient safety addresses a significant gap in establishing resilient safety systems within the healthcare sector.

The Role of Hospital Performance on Race and Ethnicity Outcome Disparities for US Non-Traumatic Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests.

Background: Factors contributing to worse outcomes for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) from minoritized communities are poorly understood. We sought to evaluate the impact of receiving hospital performance on OHCA outcome disparities.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of non-traumatic OHCAs from the National Cardiac Arrest Registry to Enhance Survival from 2013-2022 that survived hospital admission.

Progression of chronic kidney disease after non-cardiac surgery: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Chronic-kidney-disease (CKD) is prevalent among adults undergoing noncardiac surgery, with surgery-related factors potentially worsening CKD or triggering acute kidney injury (AKI). We hypothesized that CKD patients experience more kidney function decline within one to two years post-surgery than those without CKD, particularly if they develop AKI.

Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study, including noncardiac surgery patients with documented creatinine preoperative and between 1 and 2 years after surgery.

Efficacy of peripheral nerve stimulation in refractory postamputation pain: A narrative review.

The management of postamputation pain remains a significant clinical challenge, with existing therapeutic approaches often yielding inconsistent outcomes. Neuromodulation techniques, particularly peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS), have emerged as promising interventions. However, the evidence supporting their effectiveness in treating phantom limb pain (PLP) and residual limb pain (RLP) remains limited.

Motivators and Barriers to Seeking Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Among Adolescents: A Qualitative Study.

Background: The prevalence of severe obesity among adolescents has increased the use of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) as a therapeutic option. Understanding factors influencing adolescent MBS choice and the support needed to undergo MBS is crucial for improving health outcomes. This study examines the motivations and support needs of a diverse sample of adolescents seeking MBS via the patient voice.

Insights into the Role of the Glymphatic System in the Pathogenesis of Post-hemorrhagic Hydrocephalus.

Recently, it has been well-established that the glymphatic or glial-lymphatic system plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of various neurological compromise, especially hydrocephalus (HCP). Till now, the complete pathway is not yet fully understood, and little evidence is available from the literature that links hydrocephalus to disorders of the glymphatic system. Most published molecular studies and animal research have shown that, in models with hydrocephalus, the drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) via the glymphatic system is disrupted.

Detection of Elder Abuse Through Emergency Care Technicians Screening Tool Revision for Home-Based Primary Care (DETECT-RPC): a cluster randomised controlled trial study protocol.

Introduction: The annual prevalence of elder mistreatment (EM) in cognitively intact older adults is estimated to be 11%, yet the annual prevalence in older adults with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD) is estimated to be as high as 75%. Associated with a decrease in quality of life and increase in risk of mortality, EM represents a significant public health burden. Home-based primary care (HBPC) providers are uniquely positioned to address the critical need for robust EM screening and reporting, especially among individuals with AD/ADRD.

High-Intensity End-of-Life Care Among Young and Middle-Aged Hispanic Adults With Cancer in Puerto Rico.

Background: Timely palliative and hospice care, along with advanced care planning, can reduce avoidable high-intensity care and improve quality of life at the end of life (EoL).

Objective: We examined patterns of care at EoL and evaluated predictors of high-intensity care at EoL among adults aged 18-64 with cancer.

Methods: Using data from the Puerto Rico Central Cancer Registry-Health Insurance Linkage Database, we examined 1359 patients diagnosed with cancer in 2010-2019, who died of cancer between 2017 and 2019 at 64 years and younger, and who were enrolled in Medicaid or private health insurance in last 30 days before death.

Testing of a Culinary Medicine Intervention for Racially/Ethnically Diverse Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: Assess if a virtual culinary medicine program improves healthy eating, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and associated variables among adults with type 2 diabetes.

Design: Mixed-methods, intervention-only pilot study.

Setting: Classes via video conferencing from the teaching kitchen, with participants cooking from their homes.

Development and Evaluation of an Automated Multimodal Mobile Detection of Oral Cancer (mDOC) Imaging System to Aid in Risk-based Management of Oral Mucosal Lesions.

Oral cancer is a major global health problem. It is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage although often preceded by clinically visible oral mucosal lesions, termed oral potentially malignant disorders associated with an increased risk for oral cancer development. There is an unmet clinical need for effective screening tools to assist front-line healthcare providers to determine which patients should be referred to an oral cancer specialist for evaluation.

Reevaluating Anti-Inflammatory Therapy: Targeting Senescence to Balance Anti-Cancer Efficacy and Vascular Disease.

Modulating immune function is a critical strategy in cancer and atherosclerosis treatments. For cancer, boosting or maintaining the immune system is crucial to prevent tumor growth. However, in vascular disease, mitigating immune responses can decrease inflammation and slow atherosclerosis progression.

Resolving tissue complexity by multimodal spatial omics modeling with MISO.

Spatial molecular profiling has provided biomedical researchers valuable opportunities to better understand the relationship between cellular localization and tissue function. Effectively modeling multimodal spatial omics data is crucial for understanding tissue complexity and underlying biology. Furthermore, improvements in spatial resolution have led to the advent of technologies that can generate spatial molecular data with subcellular resolution, requiring the development of computationally efficient methods that can handle the resulting large-scale datasets.

Longitudinal Treatment Patterns of Chorea in North American Patients with Huntington's Disease: Data from Enroll-HD.

Introduction: Chorea is the primary manifestation of Huntington's disease. Different clinicians pursue varied approaches to chorea management, and real-world evidence describing them is needed. The objective of this study was to assess the presence and severity of chorea, chorea pharmacotherapy, and treatment practice, and patterns in a large natural-history cohort with Huntington's disease.

Effect of electronic cigarette atomising power and flavour on aerosol size-segregated metal concentration and inhalation risk.

Introduction: Although numerous studies have estimated the inhalation dose of metals emitted from electronic cigarettes (e-cigs), the impact of factors including aerosol size and the atomising power of e-cig aerosols on estimating the inhalation dose of metals remains underexplored. A comprehensive understanding of these determinants is essential to assess the health risks associated with inhaling e-cig aerosols, which may contain potentially harmful metals.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to elucidate the mass and inhalation doses of potentially harmful metals in e-cig aerosols by different particle size and their association with the various atomising powers of e-cig devices and flavours.

Intraoperative Facet Joint Block Reduces Pain After Oblique Lumbar Interbody Fusion: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

Background: Oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) results in less tissue damage than in other surgeries, but immediate postoperative pain occurs. Notably, facet joint widening occurs in the vertebral body after OLIF. We hypothesized that the application of a facet joint block to the area of widening would relieve facet joint pain.

Targeting TRPC channels for control of arthritis-induced bone erosion.

Arthritis leads to bone erosion due to an imbalance between osteoclast and osteoblast function. Our prior investigations revealed that the Ca-selective ion channel, Orai1, is critical for osteoclast maturation. Here, we show that the small-molecule ELP-004 preferentially inhibits transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels.

General Kernel Machine Methods for Multi-Omics Integration and Genome-Wide Association Testing With Related Individuals.

Integrating multi-omics data may help researchers understand the genetic underpinnings of complex traits and diseases. However, the best ways to integrate multi-omics data and use them to address pressing scientific questions remain a challenge. One important and topical problem is how to assess the aggregate effect of multiple genomic data types (e.

Long-Term Impact of Pregnancy on Clinical Outcomes in Individuals With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy.

Background: The effect of pregnancy on individuals with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is not well investigated.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of pregnancy on all-cause mortality and clinical outcomes among individuals with HCM.

Methods: Using the TriNetX research network, we identified individuals within reproductive age (≥18-45 years) with a diagnosis of HCM between 2012 and 2022 (n = 10,936).

Genomic and phenotypic correlates of mosaic loss of chromosome Y in blood.

Mosaic loss of Y (mLOY) is the most common somatic chromosomal alteration detected in human blood. The presence of mLOY is associated with altered blood cell counts and increased risk of Alzheimer disease, solid tumors, and other age-related diseases. We sought to gain a better understanding of genetic drivers and associated phenotypes of mLOY through analyses of whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of a large set of genetically diverse males from the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) program.

'It overwhelms the system': examining EMS provision in a South Texas border community.

Objective: Examine how the characteristics of border communities along the US southern land border impact Emergency Medical Services (EMS) personnel in these border communities.

Design: Using phenomenological approach, we conducted face-to-face, one-on-one interviews using a semistructured interview methodology.

Setting: All participants worked as EMS providers in a city fire department along the Texas-Mexico border.