Cervical ripening at home or in hospital during induction of labour: the CHOICE prospective cohort study, process evaluation and economic analysis.

Background: Around one in three pregnant women undergoes induction of labour in the United Kingdom, usually preceded by in-hospital cervical ripening to soften and open the cervix.

Objectives: This study set out to determine whether cervical ripening at home is within an acceptable safety margin of cervical ripening in hospital, is effective, acceptable and cost-effective from both National Health Service and service user perspectives.

Design: The CHOICE study comprised a prospective multicentre observational cohort study using routinely collected data (CHOICE cohort), a process evaluation comprising a survey and nested case studies (qCHOICE) and a cost-effectiveness analysis.

GP emigration from Ireland: an analysis of data from key destination countries.

Background: Ireland is experiencing a general practitioner (GP) workforce crisis, facing an ageing workforce, a growing population with increased life expectancy, and increased complexity of patients. The GP crisis threatens access to primary care in Ireland, as well as Ireland's aim to transform into a primary-care centred system of universal healthcare via the proposed "Sláintecare" healthcare reforms. The challenges faced are common to many countries as health systems seek to expand their medical workforce post-pandemic.

Lessons learned from the experiences of newly qualified therapeutic radiography students who transitioned to work during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic raised profound questions regarding healthcare values and responsibility for managing collective and individual needs. This context presents a unique opportunity to explore the experiences of newly qualified therapeutic radiographers transitioning to work.

Method: An interpretivist qualitative design used one-to-one, semi-structured interviews.

Psoriatic Arthritis Priority Setting Partnership: patient- and clinician-informed considerations for future UK health service delivery.

Objectives: Little is known about the ideal service delivery model and shortcomings in patient experiences in the NHS for patients with Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA). To identify unmet needs perceived within the current health service delivery model for PsA from the UK Psoriatic Arthritis Priority Setting Partnership (PsA PSP).

Methods: An online survey was conducted in 2020 and distributed to people with PsA, their carers and clinicians to identify research priorities in PsA.

Involving stakeholders with lived and professional experience in a realist review of community mental health crisis services: a commentary.

Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) is considered good practice in all health research including literature reviews. Reporting of involvement practice in realist reviews has been inconsistent leaving gaps in understanding of best practice. Realist reviews are theory driven and explain how interventions work, for whom and in which circumstances.

Meta-analyses uncover the genetic architecture of Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies.

Objective: Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (myositis, IIMs) are rare, systemic autoimmune disorders that lead to muscle inflammation, weakness, and extra-muscular manifestations, with a strong genetic component influencing disease development and progression. Previous genome-wide association studies identified loci associated with IIMs. In this study, we imputed data from two prior genome-wide myositis studies and analyzed the largest myositis dataset to date to identify novel risk loci and susceptibility genes associated with IIMs and its clinical subtypes.

Similarity or complementarity? Understanding marital relationships in terms of sexual dimorphism in brain morphometry and gender roles.

"Birds of a feather flock together" and "opposites attract" are two contrasting statements regarding interpersonal relationships. Sex differences provide a theoretical integration of these two conflicting statements. Here, we explored the relationship between marital satisfaction and sex differences in social attributes and neuroanatomical characteristics in 48 married couples.

Does Allostatic Load in 50-89-Year-Olds Predict the Development of Frailty? Evidence From a National Longitudinal Study Over 12 Years.

Frailty is characterised by a loss of function across several domains but is not an inevitable aspect of ageing and can be reversed with intervention. Determining those who are more likely to become frail before physical deficits become manifest will allow earlier intervention. One promising indicator of the potential for frailty is allostatic load, a physiological status associated with prolonged stress that is, characterised by multisystem dysfunction.

Feasibility Testing of a Health Literacy Intervention With Adolescents and Young Adults in South Africa: The LifeLab Soweto Programme.

Introduction: Low health literacy levels during adolescence and young adulthood (AYA) may impact acute healthcare access and longer-term health outcomes. Previous research in South African AYA suggests that health literacy levels are typically suboptimal but few interventions exist. This study aimed to test the acceptability and feasibility of a co-created, interactive health literacy intervention (LifeLab-Soweto) with AYA in Soweto, South Africa.

Defining and measuring long COVID fatigue: a scoping review.

Objective: Long COVID encompasses a range of symptoms in which fatigue is one of the most prevalents. It is clear from other conditions that the definition and measurement of fatigue can be complex, but it is not clear how fatigue is defined and measured in long COVID. To advance our understanding, this review summarises the definitions and measures of long COVID fatigue being used by researchers.

Utility of Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer as an excellent biomarker for the prediction of liver fibrosis, activity, and hepatocellular carcinoma onset: an expert review.

Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) is a liver fibrosis biomarker that originated in Japan and has been covered by health insurance for 10 years. M2BPGi is useful not only for liver fibrosis stage prediction but also for assessment of the degree of liver inflammation and prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma development. The usefulness of M2BPGi for assessing disease progression in patients with various chronic liver diseases has been demonstrated over the past decade in a large number of patients.

Head-to-head comparison among FAST, MAST, and multiparametric MRI-based new score in diagnosing at-risk MASH.

Objectives: New scores were developed to identify at-risk metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) using multiparametric MRI (mpMRI).

Materials And Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 176 patients with suspected or diagnosed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) paired with an MR scan, vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE), and liver biopsy. Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) using magnetic resonance elastography (MRE), proton density fat fraction (PDFF), and mpMRI-based corrected T1 (cT1) were combined to develop a one-step strategy, named MPcT (MRE + PDFF + cT1, combined score), and a two-step strategy-MRE-based LSM followed by PDFF with cT1 (M-PcT, paired score) for diagnosing at-risk MASH.

Personal and Social Transformative Learning through Community‑Based Education: Insights from Training Socially Accountable Medical Doctors at a Historically Disadvantaged University in the Eastern Cape, South Africa.

In 2014, the Faculty of Health Sciences at Walter Sisulu University introduced a 20‑week long integrated longitudinal clinical clerkship (ILCC) rotation block as part of its commitment to community‑based education and social responsiveness, with the goal of ensuring that the curriculum is updated to align with the contemporary health system challenges in South Africa. To explore whether medical student participants underwent social and personal transformative learning in understanding complex societal health needs during their integrated longitudinal community clerkship program. This was an exploratory qualitative research study conducted among 113 5 year medical students based at 8 selected hospitals during their 20‑week‑long community clerkship.

Assessing the Value of New Antimicrobials: Evaluations of Cefiderocol and Ceftazidime-Avibactam to Inform Delinked Payments by the NHS in England.

Objectives: The UK has recently established subscription-payment agreements for two antimicrobials: cefiderocol and ceftazidime-avibactam. This article summarises the novel value assessments that informed this process and lessons learned for future pricing and funding decisions.

Methods: The evaluations used decision modelling to predict population incremental net health effects (INHEs), informed by systematic reviews, evidence syntheses, national surveillance data and structured expert elicitation.

Using ultrafast angio planewave ultrasensitive and conventional doppler imaging techniques to assess intramuscular blood perfusion in older adults.

Background: Microvascular ultrasound imaging techniques such as Angio PLanewave UltraSensitive (Angio-PL.U.S.

Is there any correlation between anaerobic performance and vertical jump height in female volleyball athletes?

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation of anaerobic power and capacity on vertical jump performance in female volleyball athletes.

Methods: Thirty-five female volleyball athletes who play at elite level, participated in the study voluntarily. Anaerobic power and capacity were measured by Wingate Anaerobic Performance Test, while vertical jump performance was measured by Optojump Photoelectric Cell System.

Leadership training in emergency medicine: A national survey.

Background: Emergency medicine (EM) is a uniquely stressful environment in which leadership training could improve individual and team performance, patient outcomes, well-being, and EM career intentions. The primary aim was to evaluate EM-specific leadership training (EMLeaders) compared to no leadership training. A secondary comparison was with other forms of leadership training.

The influence of pain on community reintegration after spinal cord injury.

Background: Community reintegration is an important goal for people living with a spinal cord injury (SCI), and pain is suspected to limit reintegration due to its limitations in daily functioning, mood, and sleep.

Objectives: To determine the influence of pain on community reintegration in manual wheelchair users with SCI.

Methods: The Reintegration to Normal Living Index was used to determine community reintegration, while the DN4 and the Wheelchair User's Shoulder Pain Index were used to determine the presence of neuropathic and shoulder pain respectively.