Comparing FFR-Guided Complete Revascularization and Conservative Management for Non-Culprit Lesions in STEMI Patients With Multivessel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: In patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and multivessel coronary artery disease, the optimal management strategy for non-culprit lesions is a subject of ongoing debate. There has been an increasing use of physiology-guidance to assess the extent of occlusion in non-culprit lesions, and hence the need for stenting. Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is commonly used as a technique.

Optimal Antithrombotic Regimen After Cryptogenic Stroke: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Although several antithrombotic strategies have been investigated for the management of cryptogenic strokes, ie, ischemic strokes without known etiologies, an optimal antithrombotic strategy for cryptogenic strokes is unknown. We aim to assess oral antithrombotic agents' comparative efficacy and safety after cryptogenic stroke to identify an optimal treatment.A systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizing evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) obtained from PubMed, Embase Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science until February 2024.

Predictors and outcomes of premature rupture of membranes among pregnant women admitted to a teaching Hospital in Saudi Arabia: a cohort study.

Background: Premature rupture of the membrane (PROM), refers to rupture of the fetal membranes prior to the onset of regular uterine contractions. When this occurs at term (≥ 37 weeks of gestation), it is classified as PROM, whereas if it occurs before 37 weeks, it is termed preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). PROM and PPROM are linked to adverse outcomes for both mother and newborn.

Bridging Distances and Enhancing Care: A Comprehensive Review of Telemedicine in Surgery.

Telemedicine in surgical care has undergone rapid advancements in recent years, leveraging technologies such as telerobotics, artificial intelligence (AI) diagnostics, and wearable devices to facilitate remote evaluation and monitoring of patients. These innovations have improved access to care, reduced costs, and enhanced patient satisfaction. However, significant challenges remain, including technical barriers, limited tactile feedback in telesurgery, and inequities arising from digital literacy and infrastructure gaps.

Epidemiological Patterns, Treatment Response, and Metabolic Correlations of Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A US-Based Study From 1990 to 2024.

Introduction: Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (IIH) presents an increasing health burden with changing demographic patterns. We studied nationwide trends in IIH epidemiology, treatment patterns, and associated outcomes using a large-scale database analysis within the United States (US).

Methods: We performed a retrospective analysis using the TriNetX US Collaborative Network database (1990-2024).

Conduction system pacing versus biventricular pacing in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and electrical dyssynchrony.

Biventricular pacing (BiVP) has been the cornerstone of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in the management of symptomatic heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and electrical dyssynchrony despite guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT). However, BiVP has some limitations, including technical difficulties and high non-response rates. Conduction system pacing encompassing His bundle pacing (HBP) and left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) has recently emerged as a promising alternative to CRT in this group of patients.

Altered amino and fatty acids metabolism in Sudanese prostate cancer patients: insights from metabolic analysis.

Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) management presents a multifaceted clinical challenge, intricately linking oncological considerations with cardiovascular health. Despite the recognized importance of lipid metabolism and hypertension in this interwoven relationship, their involvement in PCa development remains partially understood. This study aimed to explore variations in plasma metabolome among Sudanese PCa patients and their associated comorbidities.

Clinical and genetic characterization of a progressive RBL2-associated neurodevelopmental disorder.

Retinoblastoma (RB) proteins are highly conserved transcriptional regulators that play important roles during development by regulating cell-cycle gene expression. RBL2 dysfunction has been linked to a severe neurodevelopmental disorder. However, to date, clinical features have only been described in six individuals carrying five biallelic predicted loss of function (pLOF) variants.

Real-World Experience, Effectiveness, and Safety of Direct-Acting Antivirals for the Treatment of Hepatitis C in Oman: A Cross-Sectional, Multicenter Study.

: The advent of direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy has revolutionized the treatment landscape of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive research study of the real-world effectiveness and safety of DAA treatment, representing the first study conducted in the Omani population. : A cross-sectional study was conducted including 375 HCV patients with different genotypes, treated using different DAA regimens, with or without ribavirin, between January 2012 and December 2020 at the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital and the medical city for military and security services, two tertiary hospitals in Muscat, Oman.

Leveraging large language models to improve patient education on dry eye disease.

Background/objectives: Dry eye disease (DED) is an exceedingly common diagnosis in patients, yet recent analyses have demonstrated patient education materials (PEMs) on DED to be of low quality and readability. Our study evaluated the utility and performance of three large language models (LLMs) in enhancing and generating new patient education materials (PEMs) on dry eye disease (DED).

Subjects/methods: We evaluated PEMs generated by ChatGPT-3.

Silver nanoparticles loaded with pomegranate peel extract and hyaluronic acid mediate recovery of cutaneous wounds infected with .

Smart innovative nanocomposites based on active ingredients and metallic nanoparticles with effective wound healing and antifungal properties are efficient in overcoming the limitations of traditional therapeutic products. Open wounds provide an ideal niche for colonization by () which poses substantial global health issues owing to delayed wound healing and disordered healing mechanisms. Therefore, proficient innovative therapies that control infection and promote wound healing are of imperative importance for the management of wounds and prevention of infection and possible complications.

Cardiometabolic Outcomes in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: An International Matched-Cohort Study.

Introduction: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) has been traditionally viewed as a neuro-ophthalmic disorder, yet emerging evidence suggests broader systemic implications. Our study investigates the cardiometabolic outcomes associated with IIH through a comprehensive matched-cohort analysis.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of electronic health records from 2009 to 2024.

Semaglutide as an Adjunctive Therapy to Standard Management for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: A Real-World Data-Based Retrospective Analysis.

Background: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a neurological disorder characterized by elevated intracranial pressure, predominantly affecting young women with obesity. This study evaluates the effectiveness of semaglutide as an adjunctive therapy to standard IIH management using real-world data.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis comparing IIH patients receiving semaglutide plus standard therapy versus standard therapy alone.

Digital dermatitis in dairy cattle in Egypt: Herd-level risk factors and Treponema spp. prevalence across lesion M-scores.

Digital dermatitis (DD) is an infectious disease of the digital skin of dairy cows that is associated with compromised animal welfare and significant economic losses. The hind feet of 16,098 dairy cows from 55 herds were examined in the milking parlor, and DD lesions identified were classified using the M-score system and swabbed for PCR testing. Swabs were also collected from hind feet with normal digital skin for comparison.

Management of Severe Pyogenic Spinal Infections: The 2SICK Study by the EANS Spine Section.

Background Context: Spondylodiscitis management presents significant clinical challenges, particularly in critically ill patients, where the risks and benefits of surgical intervention must be carefully balanced. The optimal timing of surgery in this context remains a subject of debate.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of early surgery versus delayed surgery or conservative management in critically ill patients with de novo pyogenic spondylodiscitis.

Diagnosing missed cases of spinal muscular atrophy in genome, exome, and panel sequencing datasets.

Purpose: We set out to develop a publicly available tool that could accurately diagnose spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) in exome, genome or panel sequencing datasets aligned to a GRCh37, GRCh38, or T2T reference genome.

Methods: The SMA Finder algorithm detects the most common genetic causes of SMA by evaluating reads that overlap the c.840 position of the SMN1 and SMN2 paralogs.

Outcomes of Gallbladder Drainage Techniques in Acute Cholecystitis: Percutaneous Versus Endoscopic Methods.

Acute cholecystitis, often caused by gallstones obstructing the cystic duct, is a potentially life-threatening condition that requires timely intervention. High-risk patients, particularly those with significant comorbidities, may not be suitable candidates for laparoscopic cholecystectomy, necessitating alternative drainage techniques such as percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) and endoscopic gallbladder drainage (EGD). This systematic review aims to compare the efficacy, safety, and outcomes of PC and EGD in managing acute cholecystitis in high-risk surgical patients.

Comparative Analysis of Indices for Social Determinants of Health in Pediatric Surgical Populations.

Importance: Conclusions vary substantially among studies examining associations between area-based social determinants of health (SDOH) and pediatric health disparities based on the selected patient population and SDOH index. Most national studies use zip codes, which encompass a wide distribution of communities, limiting the generalizability of findings.

Objectives: To characterize the distributions of composite SDOH indices for pediatric surgical patients within a national sample of academic children's hospitals and to assess SDOH index precision in classifying patients at similar levels of disadvantage.

Retention in care among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in a low-resource setting.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the retention in care among a cohort of Egyptian people living with HIV (PLWHIV).

Method: The study was conducted on PLWHIV attending Kasr Alainy HIV and Viral Hepatitis Centre, Cairo, Egypt, from January 1, 2019, to March 31, 2023. PLWHIV were considered not retained in care if there was no documented clinical visit or HIV viral load (VL) or CD4 count test for more than 6 months from their last recorded visit or test.

Role of Bispecific Antibodies in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms (GEP-NENs): Review of Literature.

Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with an increasing incidence in the last few decades. Despite therapeutic advances in the management of GEP-NENs, resistance to many of these treatments has made their management a great challenge. One of the most recent advances in oncologic therapy is targeting multiple receptors simultaneously and engaging immune cells in the tumor microenvironment through bispecific antibodies (BsAbs).

Enhancing Photothermal Therapy for Antibiofilm Wound Healing: Insights from Graphene Oxide-Cranberry Nanosheet Loaded Hydrogel in vitro, in silico, and in vivo Evaluation.

Background: Diabetic foot ulcers present a formidable challenge due to colonization by biofilm-forming microorganisms, heightened oxidative stress, and continuous wound maceration caused by excessive exudation.

Methods: To address these issues, we developed a robust, stretchable, electro-conductive, self-healing, antioxidant, and antibiofilm hydrogel. This hydrogel was synthesized through the crosslinking of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and chitosan (CH) with boric acid.

Efficacy and safety of preoperative intravenous iron versus standard care in colorectal cancer patients with iron deficiency anemia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Anemia, particularly iron deficiency (ID) anemia, is common in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, affecting up to 58% of individuals. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of preoperative intravenous iron (IVI) with standard care (no iron or oral iron) in CRC patients with ID anemia.

Methods: A systematic search across multiple databases identified studies comparing IVI versus no iron or oral iron in CRC patients with ID anemia.

The accuracy and adequacy of rapid on-site evaluation conducted by trained pulmonologist on transbronchial needle aspiration samples: a systemic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The effective deployment of rapid on-site cytologic evaluation (ROSE) requires the availability of a cytologist/pathologist. Several studies investigated the capability of trained pulmonologists to assess the adequacy and validity of transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) samples. This study aimed to determine the validity and adequacy of ROSE by pulmonologists (P-ROSE).