Clinical and patient-reported outcomes in women offered oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery as an alternative to mastectomy: ANTHEM multicentre prospective cohort study.

Background: Oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery may be a better option than mastectomy, but high-quality comparative evidence is lacking. The aim of the ANTHEM study (ISRCTN18238549) was to explore clinical and patient-reported outcomes in a multicentre cohort of women offered oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery as an alternative to mastectomy with or without immediate breast reconstruction.

Methods: Women with invasive/pre-invasive breast cancer who were offered oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery with volume replacement or displacement techniques to avoid mastectomy were recruited prospectively.

What Factors Are Associated With Patients Being Active Partners in the Management Fibromyalgia? A Mixed Methods Systematic Review Protocol.

Background: Fibromyalgia Syndrome (FMS) is characterised by widespread and persistent pain, intrusive fatigue and cognitive issues, affecting approximately 5.4% of the UK population. Non-pharmacological therapies and education are current management recommendations, but these approaches rely on patients having an active role in their healthcare management.

Paramedics providing end-of-life care: an online survey of practice and experiences.

Background: Global demand for care during the last year of life (end-of-life) is rising and with shortfalls in community healthcare services, paramedics are increasingly called on to deliver this. Despite this growing demand on the paramedic workforce, little large-scale or detailed empirical research has evaluated current practice and paramedic experiences of attending this patient group. Therefore, as part of a wider study evaluating paramedic delivery of end-of-life care, a large-scale survey in England describing paramedics' current practice and experiences providing end-of-life care was undertaken.

Stress reactivity moderates the association between stressful life events and depressive symptoms in adolescents: Results from a population-based study.

Background: A large body of evidence links stressful life events with depression. However, little is understood about the role of perceived impact in this association.

Methods: We performed regression analysis to investigate whether self-reported stress reactivity (derived by regressing the impact-weighted life event score on the unweighted score) moderated the association between stressful life events and depressive symptoms in adolescents from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children cohort (n = 4791), controlling for age at outcome, sex, ethnicity, and maternal education.

Clinical and cost-effectiveness of first contact physiotherapy for musculoskeletal disorders in primary care: the FRONTIER, mixed method realist evaluation.

Background: First-contact physiotherapists assess and diagnose patients with musculoskeletal disorders, determining the best course of management without prior general practitioner consultation.

Objectives: The primary aim was to determine the clinical and cost-effectiveness of first-contact physiotherapists compared with general practitioner-led models of care.

Design: Mixed-method realist evaluation of effectiveness and costs, comprising three main phases: A United Kingdom-wide survey of first contact physiotherapists.

Maximizing insights from longitudinal epigenetic age data: simulations, applications, and practical guidance.

Background: Epigenetic age (EA) is an age estimate, developed using DNA methylation (DNAm) states of selected CpG sites across the genome. Although EA and chronological age are highly correlated, EA may not increase uniformly with time. Departures, known as epigenetic age acceleration (EAA), are common and have been linked to various traits and future disease risk.

Psoriatic Arthritis Priority Setting Partnership: patient- and clinician-informed considerations for future UK health service delivery.

Objectives: Little is known about the ideal service delivery model and shortcomings in patient experiences in the NHS for patients with Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA). To identify unmet needs perceived within the current health service delivery model for PsA from the UK Psoriatic Arthritis Priority Setting Partnership (PsA PSP).

Methods: An online survey was conducted in 2020 and distributed to people with PsA, their carers and clinicians to identify research priorities in PsA.

GRAViTy-V2: a grounded viral taxonomy application.

Taxonomic classification of viruses is essential for understanding their evolution. Genomic classification of viruses at higher taxonomic ranks, such as order or phylum, is typically based on alignment and comparison of amino acid sequence motifs in conserved genes. Classification at lower taxonomic ranks, such as genus or species, is usually based on nucleotide sequence identities between genomic sequences.

Evaluating the effectiveness and acceptability of two positive body image media micro-interventions among children aged 4-6 years old - a study protocol.

Background: Children's online media perpetuates appearance idealised images and can negatively impact the way children feel about their own and other people's bodies (e.g., weight bias) at a young age.

Supporting individuals with a visible difference: A UK survey of needs and preferences.

Individuals with visible differences, resulting from injuries, health conditions, or treatment, can face varied and lasting psychosocial effects. Existing psychosocial interventions are limited, with inconsistent support noted by specialists. Improved provision and accessibility are crucial; yet, the self-perceived needs remain underreported.

Structured tailored rehabilitation after hip fragility fracture: The 'Stratify' feasibility and pilot randomised controlled trial protocol.

Background: Rehabilitation in hospital is effective in reducing mortality after hip fracture. However, there is uncertainty over optimal in-hospital rehabilitation treatment ingredients, and the generalizability of trial findings to subgroups of patients systematically excluded from previous trials. The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of a randomized controlled trial which aims to assess the clinical- and cost-effectiveness of adding a stratified care intervention to usual care designed to improve outcomes of acute rehabilitation for all older adults after hip fracture.

Performance of clinical decision aids (CDA) for the care of young febrile infants: a multicentre prospective cohort study conducted in the UK and Ireland.

Background: Between 1% and 4% of febrile infants, aged from birth to 90 days of age, presenting to hospital will be diagnosed with an invasive bacterial infection (IBI). Traditional teaching has advocated a treat all approach but more recently a number of clinical decision aids (CDA) have been developed to classify febrile infants into lower and higher risk cohorts, with lower risk infants suitable for management without immediate parenteral antibiotics and lumbar puncture. The aim of this study was to apply these CDA to a UK and Irish cohort.

The Research Relationship: Negotiating Multiple Selves and Boundaries in Exploring Sensitive Topics.

This article considers responsibilities and challenges inherent in the research relationship, from the position of a researcher who is also a counselling practitioner. It draws on my experience of undertaking a qualitative interview-based doctoral research study with adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse, engaging critically with the debates in the research literature concerning researcher-practitioner role boundaries and comparable (and distinct) areas of practice between research and counselling. I suggest that within well-held, monitored boundaries, practitioner identities and contextual knowledge are invaluable to the research relationship and that a collaborative fluidity can operate between researcher and professional (in this case, counsellor) identities rather than them being in conflict.

The effects of autistic traits in adolescents on the efficacy of paediatric Intensive Interdisciplinary Pain Treatment (IIPT).

Autistic adolescents are at greater risk of chronic pain, but it is unclear how autistic features may relate to individual aspects of chronic pain. As autism traits exist in the general population as well, it is important to know if autistic traits could impact how effective chronic pain management is for adolescents. Here we examined autistic traits in 112 patients (12-18yrs) recruited from a UK national specialist adolescent pain rehabilitation programme.

Bioaccumulation and genotoxic effect of heavy metal pollution in marine sponges from the Niger Delta.

In this study, levels of Al, Cu, Ni, Cd, Cr and Pb were quantified in seawater, sediments, and sea sponges from six sites in the Niger Delta and one relatively clean site outside the Niger Delta area using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. The metal levels in sponge tissues in μg/mg ranged from 0.22 ± 0.

Development and refinement of patient care recommendations in brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer using nominal group technique workshops.

Purpose: Patient experiences of brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) are widely variable, with reports of difficult and traumatic experiences and aspects of care requiring improvement. The aim of this study was to develop patient care recommendations and consult with key stakeholders to review, refine and prioritise recommendations.

Methods: Phase 1: Patient care recommendations were developed from qualitative exploratory study data.

Benefits of nostalgic landmarks for people living with Alzheimer's disease.

Background: Emerging literature shows that nostalgia induced by autobiographical reflection and music confers psychological benefits to people living with dementia.

Objective: Our objective was to test the potential benefits of nostalgic landmarks for people living with Alzheimer's disease.

Methods: We displayed the landmarks as wall-mounted pictures within a virtual environment.

Healthcare providers' experiences of maternity care service delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom: a follow-up systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis.

Problem And Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was substantial reconfiguration of maternity care services, affecting both users and healthcare providers (HCPs), in the United Kingdom (UK) and globally.

Aim: To further our understanding of the impact of maternity service reconfigurations in the UK, from the perspective of maternity HCPs.

Methods: Scopus, MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and the Cochrane COVID Study Register were searched for relevant studies reporting qualitative data from the UK, published in English between 01 June 2021 and 30 September 2023.

Dimethylamine Bismuth Iodide: A Lead-Free Perovskite Enabling Ultra-Sensitive UVC Photodetection with Low Operating Voltage and High Detectivity.

Ultraviolet (UV) photodetectors (PDs) are essential for various applications, but traditional materials face challenges in cost, fabrication, and performance. This study introduces dimethylamine bismuth iodide (DMABI) as a promising lead-free perovskite for UV PDs, particularly in the UVC region. DMABI demonstrates exceptional device parameters, including an ultralow dark current of 0.

MIBiG 4.0: advancing biosynthetic gene cluster curation through global collaboration.

Specialized or secondary metabolites are small molecules of biological origin, often showing potent biological activities with applications in agriculture, engineering and medicine. Usually, the biosynthesis of these natural products is governed by sets of co-regulated and physically clustered genes known as biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). To share information about BGCs in a standardized and machine-readable way, the Minimum Information about a Biosynthetic Gene cluster (MIBiG) data standard and repository was initiated in 2015.

Facilitators and Barriers to Access to Midwife-Led Birth Settings for Racialized Women in the UK: A Scoping Review.

Background: In UK maternity care, racialized women have worse experiences and clinical outcomes than White women. Midwife-led birth settings (MLBS), including home births and midwife-led units, both freestanding and alongside hospitals, are all available as choices for low-risk women in the UK. MLBS deliver optimal outcomes for low-risk women with uncomplicated pregnancies, including for racialized women, and can offer culturally specific care, possibly mitigating existing social inequalities.

Prioritising domains of glucocorticoid therapy to measure in trials: Results from a modified delphi exercise from the OMERACT glucocorticoid impact working group.

Introduction: There is no consensus amongst patients and healthcare professionals about how to measure important adverse effects of glucocorticoids (GCs) that includes the patient's perspective. The OMERACT GC Impact working group sought to identify the domains of greatest importance to both patients and healthcare professionals for use in a proposed core outcome set.

Methods: Patients and healthcare professionals participated in a Delphi consensus exercise to rate the importance of previously identified candidate domains.

A scoping review on the community dividend resulting from testing and treating hepatitis C infection in people living in detention.

A scoping review was conducted to map out sources, types, characteristics of evidence that substantiate the existence of a community dividend arising from testing and treating hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in people living in detention - where community dividend is defined as the benefit of prison-related intervention for general population health. Joanna Briggs Institute methodology guidance was used. Literature search was done in EMBASE, Scopus, ASSIA, UWE library, CINAHL Plus, and Medline to find studies published in any country, any language between January 1991 and June 2022.