Cross-species comparative single-cell transcriptomics highlights the molecular evolution and genetic basis of male infertility.

In male animals, spermatogonia in testes differentiate into sperm, one of the most diverse cell types across species. Despite the evolutionary retention of key genes essential for spermatogenesis, the extent of their conservation remains unclear. To explore the genetic basis of spermatogenesis under strong selective pressure, we compare single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) datasets from the testes of humans, mice, and fruit flies.

A density-based MS disease diagnosis model using the capuchin search algorithm and an ensemble of deep neural networks.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a severe brain disease that permanently destroys brain cells, impacting vision, balance, muscle control, and daily activity. This research employs a weighted combination of deep neural networks and optimization techniques for MS disease diagnosis. This method uses slices of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images as input.

LOC730101 improves ovarian cancer drug sensitivity by inhibiting autophagy-mediated DNA damage repair via BECN1.

Drug resistance and recurrence are still the bottlenecks in the clinical treatment of ovarian cancer (OC), seriously affecting patients' prognosis. Therefore, it is an urgent challenge for OC to be overcome towards precision therapy by studying the mechanism of OC drug resistance, finding new drug resistance targets and developing new effective treatment strategies. In this study, we found that lncRNA LOC730101 played an essential role in attenuating drug resistance in OC.

Enhancing cancer therapy: advanced nanovehicle delivery systems for oridonin.

Oridonin (ORI), an ent-kaurane diterpenoid derived from Rabdosia rubescens (Hemsl.) H.Hara, serves as the primary bioactive component of this plant.

Synthesis of Polymers via Cancer Cell Metabolism-Mediated Controlled Radical Polymerization and Application in Engineering of Cell Surface.

In this study, we present a novel chemical biology strategy that leverages the reductive metabolic pathways of cancer cells to develop a new approach for synthesizing polymers in nonstrictly anaerobic conditions. This method utilizes the reductive metabolism of cancer cells to reduce Cu(II) to Cu(I), enabling Cu(I)-catalyzed controlled radical polymerization with poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (MAPEGOMe) monomer, producing polymers with low dispersity (1.28-1.

Magnetic-Powered Spora Lygodii Microrobots Loaded with Doxorubicin for Active and Targeted Therapy of Bladder Cancer.

Background And Purpose: Bladder cancer has high recurrence rates despite standard treatments, necessitating innovative therapeutic approaches. This study introduces magnetically powered microrobots utilizing Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Spora Lygodii (SL) encapsulated with Doxorubicin (DOX) and FeO nanoparticles (Fe/DOX@SL) for targeted therapy.

Methods: FeO nanoparticles were synthesized via co-precipitation and combined with SL spores and DOX through dip-coating to form Fe/DOX@SL microrobots.

Clinical efficacy and safety of organ-sparing cystectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The clinical safety and efficacy of organ-sparing cystectomy (OSC) are subjects of ongoing debate, particularly concerning the potential increased risk of recurrence when retaining additional organs and its effectiveness in preserving sexual and urinary functions.

Methods: Adhering to the PRISMA 2020 statement and AMSTAR Guidelines, we conducted a systematic literature search up to February 2024 using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. The comparison focused on the clinical safety and effectiveness of OSC and standard radical cystectomy (SRC) in the treatment of bladder tumors.

MAM-STAT3-Driven Mitochondrial Ca Upregulation Contributes to Immunosenescence in Type A Mandibuloacral Dysplasia Patients.

Individuals with homozygous laminA/C p.R527C mutations manifest a severe form of Mandibuloacral dysplasia-(MAD) and exhibit overlapping progeroid symptoms, for which the underlying molecular pathology remains unknown. Herein, it is shown that MAD patients achieved inflammaging with different pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to progeria-(HGPS) patient.

Co-inhibition of PGF and VEGFA enhances the effectiveness of immunotherapy in bladder cancer.

Anti-angiogenic inhibitors and immune checkpoint blockade combination therapy offers a novel approach to circumvent the challenges associated with limited responsiveness to checkpoint inhibitors in bladder cancer. However, the effective strategies for inhibiting angiogenesis in bladder cancer need further elucidation. This work aims to identify key targets for the effective inhibition of angiogenesis in bladder cancer and to explore the potential benefits of combining anti-angiogenic therapies with immune checkpoint blockade strategies in the treatment of this disease.

Programmable Nanomodulators for Precision Therapy, Engineering Tumor Metabolism to Enhance Therapeutic Efficacy.

Tumor metabolism is crucial in the continuous advancement and complex growth of cancer. The emerging field of nanotechnology has made significant strides in enhancing the understanding of the complex metabolic intricacies inherent to tumors, offering potential avenues for their strategic manipulation to achieve therapeutic goals. This comprehensive review delves into the interplay between tumor metabolism and various facets of cancer, encompassing its origins, progression, and the formidable challenges posed by metastasis.

Serum Albumin-to-Creatinine Ratio Predicts One-Year Mortality in Elderly Patients with Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Prospective Cohort Analysis.

BACKGROUND Recently, the albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) has been suggested as a valuable biomarker for adverse events in acute myocardial infarction. However, the prognostic value of ACR in very elderly patients (≥80 years) with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 354 very elderly patients with NSTE-ACS who underwent PCI were included in this study and followed up for 1 year.

Melatonin levels and embryo quality in IVF patients with diminished ovarian reserve: a comparative study.

Background: Melatonin, a hormone found in various bodily fluids and cells, is known for its potent antioxidative, anti-apoptotic, and endocrine regulatory properties. This study aimed to analyze melatonin levels in patients with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and its impact on embryo quality.

Methods: We enrolled 85 women who were undergoing in vitro fertilization or intracytoplasmic sperm injection procedures, including normal ovarian reserve (NOR, n = 27), pathological DOR (DOR-Path, n = 25), and physiological DOR (DOR-Phy, n = 33).

Long-term nanoplastics exposure contributes to impaired steroidogenesis by disrupting the hypothalamic-testis axis: Evidence from integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis.

Cumulative evidence suggested that nanoplastics (NPs) cause male toxicity, but the mechanisms of which are still misty. Steroidogenesis is a key biological event that responsible for maintaining reproductive health. However, whether dysregulated steroidogenesis is involved in NPs-induced impaired male reproductive function and the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Animal models, treatment options, and biomaterials for female stress urinary incontinence.

In the quest to tackle stress urinary incontinence (SUI), the synthesis of cutting-edge biomaterials and regenerative materials has emerged as a promising frontier. Briefly, animal models like vaginal distension and bilateral ovariectomy serve as crucial platforms for unraveling the intricacies of SUI, facilitating the evaluation of innovative treatments. The spotlight, however, shines on the development and application of novel biomaterials-ranging from urethral bulking agents to nano-gel composites-which aim to bolster urethral support and foster tissue regeneration.

Health resource allocation within the close-knit medical consortium after the Luohu healthcare reform in China: efficiency, productivity, and influencing factors.

Objective: This study aims to assess the efficiency and productivity of the Luohu Hospital Group after the reform and to identify factors influencing the efficiency to support the future development of medical consortia.

Methods: Data on health resources from Shenzhen and the Luohu Hospital Group for the years 2015 to 2021 were analyzed using the super-efficiency slack-based measure data envelopment analysis (SE-SBM-DEA) model, Malmquist productivity index (MPI), and Tobit regression to evaluate changes in efficiency and productivity and to identify determinants of efficiency post-reform.

Results: After the reform, the efficiency of health resource allocation within the Luohu Hospital Group improved by 33.

Cu/Gd co-doped hydroxyapatite/poly lactic-co-glycolic acid composites enhance MRI imaging and bone defect regeneration.

The hydroxyapatite (HA)/poly(lactide-co-glycolide) acid (PLGA) composite material is a widely used orthopedic implant due to its excellent biocompatibility and plasticity. Recent advancements in cation doping have expanded its potential biological applications. However, conventional HA/PLGA composites are not visible under X-rays post-implantation and have limited osteogenic induction capabilities.

Neutrophil Percentage to Albumin Ratio as a Predictor for Coronary Slow Flow Phenomenon in Patients with Myocardial Ischemia with No Obstructive Coronary Arteries.

Background: Accumulating evidences suggest that low-grade inflammatory response plays a key role in the pathophysiology of coronary slow flow phenomenon (CSFP). As a new hematological inflammatory indicator, the neutrophil percentage to albumin ratio (NPAR) and its role in the occurrence and development of CSFP remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the predictive value of NPAR in the presence of CSFP in patients with myocardial ischemia and no obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA).