Association of organ iron levels with type 2 diabetes mellitus and glycemic traits: A bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Introduction: Observational studies have found that higher iron levels are associated with an increased risk of diabetes mellitus. Given the limitations of causal inferences from observational studies and the expensive and time-consuming nature of randomized controlled trials, Mendelian randomization analysis presents a reasonable alternative to study causal relationships. Previous MR analyses studying iron levels and diabetes have used indirect markers of iron levels, such as serum ferritin, and found conflicting results.

Exploring the Perceptions of Indian Mental Health Professionals Regarding Areca (Betel) Nut Products: A Cross-sectional Study.

Background: Areca nut (AN) and AN products (ANPs) are commonly used as psychoactive substances with marked dependence potential. Scant information exists on the Indian mental health professionals' (MHPs) knowledge of AN-ANPs, attitude toward AN-ANP use/users, and behavior regarding their clients' AN-ANP use. To address this gap, a survey was undertaken to assess MHPs' knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral responses toward AN-ANP use and addiction.

Combined Addiction and Neurobiological Targets: An In Silico Analysis of Areca Nut and Areca Nut with Tobacco Biomolecules.

Background: The addictive potential of areca nut (AN) and tobacco is well-documented, but their combined neurobiological effects in AN-containing tobacco products (ANTP) remain obscure. This study employed a three-stage in silico approach to investigate the potential targets and pathways associated with the addictive properties of AN alone and in ANTP.

Materials And Methods: Bioactive molecules were retrieved for AN and tobacco, followed by target prediction and pathway enrichment analysis.

Targeting compensatory proliferation signals in oral cancer.

Apoptosis is an orchestrated phenomenon that regulates cell populations in physiological and pathological conditions. Carcinogenesis involves a state of disequilibrium between cell proliferation and cell death. The resistance to conventional therapeutic modalities of cancer, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, can be explained by the compensatory repair and regeneration that occurs in the tumor microenvironment following apoptosis through the apoptotic compensatory proliferation signaling microvesicles (ACPSVs) or apoptotic extracellular microvesicles (ApoEVs).

Surgical anatomy of transversus abdominis muscle for transversus abdominis release.

Transversus abdominis release (TAR) is a myofascial release technique which helps in surgical repair of large ventral abdominal wall defects. In this procedure, the medial margin of muscular part of transversus abdominis (TA) is of great importance. Hence, the authors sought to describe the extent of medial margin of TA muscle.

Exploring the incidence and etiopathogenesis of pathological yawning as adverse side effect of psychotropic drugs.

Introduction: Yawning is a normal, stereotyped physiological event in humans and animal kingdom. When excessive (>3 per 15 minutes), it is termed as pathological yawning (PY). PY could be due to many causes but more commonly associated with side-effect of drugs, notably involving those used in psychopharmacology.

Association of dietary patterns and health outcomes by spatial regression analysis of nationally representative survey data from India.

Background: Our aim was to study the regional differences in dietary patterns in India and their association with population-level nutrition-related health indicators such as the prevalence of anemia, overweight, undernutrition, and hyperglycemia.

Objectives: To identify and characterize the dietary patterns from publicly available nationally representative survey data on food consumption conducted by the National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) to study the regional differences in dietary patterns.

Methods: Dietary patterns were identified by factor analysis of per capita food consumption data from the household consumer expenditure survey (2011).

Effect of Calcitriol in Inhibiting the Cancer Cell Growth and Promoting Apoptosis in ErbB2-positive Breast Cancer Cells.

Background: Targeted therapies, specifically ErbB family tyrosine kinase inhibitors, have demonstrated potential for improving outcomes in patients with ErbB2-positive breast cancer. Despite their effectiveness, these therapies are associated with limitations, including high costs, side effects, drug resistance, lack of specificity, and toxicity. To overcome these challenges, drug repurposing has emerged as a promising strategy in breast cancer treatment.

Expression of CD44 in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma-An Study.

 CD44, a multistructural and multifunctional transmembrane glycoprotein, is a promising cancer stem cell (CSC) marker that regulates the properties of CSCs, including self-renewal, tumor initiation, and metastasis, and confers resistance to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the gene and protein expression of CD44 and explore its prognostic value in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).  The present observational study employs computational tools for analysis.

Neuroprotective effects of terpenoids against streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats: An in silico, in vitro and in vivo study.

The present study focused to determine the neuroprotective effects of terpenoids in streptozotocin & nicotinamide-induced type-2 diabetes in rats. The in silico studies were carried out for 68 terpenoids using AutoDock 4.2.

Novel management of internal root resorption with vertical root fracture using mineral trioxide aggregate - A case report.

Introduction: This case report presents the diagnosis and management of extensive internal root resorption (IRR) in a 17-year-old male patient, with a 9-year-old history of trauma.

Method: The affected tooth 21 was associated with vertical root fracture (VRF) and incomplete apex closure with a substantial loss of tooth structure, including dentin and cementum. Encouraged by a healthy periodontal condition, the choice was made to use mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) to reconstruct and reinforce the resorptive defect and the fractured segment.

A Comparison on Efficiency and Aerosol Generation between "Modified and Conventional Technique of Bracket Bonding".

Introduction: The novel COVID-19 which spread's primarily through oral and nasal passage poses a major threat of spread during dental treatments. It is important for dental practitioners to use minimal aerosol techniques. The aim of this study is to compare the time taken, efficiency and aerosol generated between modified and conventional technique (CT) of bracket bonding.

The Benefit of Zinc Sulfate in Oropharyngeal Mucositis during Hyperfractionated Accelerated Concomitant Boost Radiotherapy with Concurrent Cisplatin for Advanced-Stage Oropharyngeal and Hypopharyngeal Cancers.

Background: Radiation-induced oropharyngeal mucositis is a major problem causing widespread clinical symptoms and may interfere with treatment plans, ultimately jeopardizing patient outcome. Zinc supplementation may be considered beneficial in preventing acute toxicity during chemoradiation.

Aims And Objective: The aim of the study is to determine the effect of zinc supplementation on radiation-induced oropharyngeal mucositis in Stage III and IV-A oropharynx and hypopharynx cancers treated by hyperfractionated accelerated concomitant boost radiotherapy with weakly cisplatin.

Comparison of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Microbiological and Histopathological Observations in the Diagnosis of Endometrial Tuberculosis.

Background: Female genital tuberculosis often faces diagnostic challenges due to the asymptomatic nature of the disease. Our study aims at comparing the microbiological and histopathological results with PCR in diagnosing genital tuberculosis in endometrial curettage specimens.

Methods: Around 139 patients with diverse gynaecological complaints were recruited for the study, and endometrial curettage specimens were collected.

Osteogenic differentiation and mineralization potential of zinc oxide nanoparticles from Scutellaria baicalensis on human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells.

Development of biologically inspired green synthesis of silver nanoparticles has been extensively scrutinized owing to its uses in biomedical industry. In the last two decades, the demands of nanomaterial in bone remodelling have increased. Scutellaria baicalensis is a flowering plant usually used for many ailments.

Papillon-Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) with novel compound heterozygous mutation in the exclusion and Peptidase C1A domains of Cathepsin C gene.

Papillon Lefevre syndrome (PLS) manifests with palmoplantar keratoderma, combined with a rapidly progressive periodontitis associated with mutations in Cathepsin C (CTSC) gene. This article reports a 15-year old male proband with typical PLS traits having a novel compound heterozygote with p.Q49X mutation in exon 1 and p.

Correction to: Staged surgery for tandem cervical and lumbar spinal stenosis: Which should be treated first?

The authors would like to acknowledge the following funding information that was missing in.

Areca nut use disorder: A dynamic model map.

Problem: Areca nut (AN) chewing is common among Southeast Asian population. Use of AN products (with or without tobacco) have a multifaceted effect on physical health, especially on cardiovascular, nervous, gastrointestinal, metabolic, respiratory, and reproductive systems. AN is a known group 1 carcinogen and carries addictive potential.

The Indian dental litigation landscape: An analysis of judgments on dental negligence claims in Indian Consumer Redressal Forums.

Introduction: Dental malpractice/negligence litigations against dentists in India is not widely studied. The aim of this study is to report the Indian dentist related litigation landscape in consumer redressal forum (CRF) and to understand more of the nature of the same.

Material And Method: 111 cases of judgments of dental malpractice in Indian CRF were collected.

Ossification of the yellow ligament in the cervical spine - an unusual location.

Ossification of the yellow ligament (OYL) or ligamentum flavum, usually occurs in the thoracic spine. Focal OYL occurring in the cervical spine is considered rare and is sparsely reported in the literature. We came across a 30-year-old male patient with progressive left upper limb and bilateral lower limb weakness over a period of 3 months, associated with an unsteady gait.

Utilization of Spinal Navigation to Facilitate Hassle-Free Rod Placement during Minimally-Invasive Long-Construct Posterior Instrumentation.

During minimally-invasive long-construct posterior instrumentation, it may be challenging to contour and place the rod as the screw heads are not visualized. To overcome this, we utilized the image data merging (IDM) facility of our spinal navigation system to visualize a coherent whole image of the construct throughout the procedure. Here, we describe this technique that was used for a patient in whom L1-L5 posterior instrumentation was performed.

Role of 3D SPACE sequence and susceptibility weighted imaging in the evaluation of hydrocephalus and treatment-oriented refined classification of hydrocephalus.

Objective: The aim of our study was to evaluate the diagnostic utility of three-dimensional sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using different flip angle evolution (3D SPACE) sequence and Susceptibility Weighted Imaging (SWI) in hydrocephalus and to propose a refined definition and classification of hydrocephalus with relevance to the selection of treatment option.

Materials And Methods: A prospective study of 109 patients with hydrocephalus was performed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain using standardized institutional sequences along with additional sequences 3D SPACE and SWI. The images were independently read by two senior neuroradiologists and the etiopathogenesis of hydrocephalus was arrived by consensus.