Impact of sleep deprivation on dynamic functional connectivity states.

Sleep deprivation (SD) is an experimental procedure to study the effects of sleep loss on the human brain. Neuroimaging techniques, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG), have been pivotal in studying these effects. The present chapter aims to retrace the state of the art regarding the literature that examines the SD effects on the brain through functional connectivity (FC) evaluated in fMRI and EEG settings, separately.

Nursing staffing and skill mix in nursing homes in Italy: An observational cross-sectional study.

Introduction/objective: The relationship between staffing levels and skill mix in nursing homes is poorly documented in Italy. This study aimed to investigate nursing staffing levels and skill mix in Northern Italian nursing homes.

Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted using a questionnaire sent to several nursing homes.

Clinically Meaningful Upstaging and Upgrading in Favorable Intermediate-Risk Radical Prostatectomy Patients.

Introduction: In NCCN favorable intermediate-risk (FIR) prostate cancer (PCa) patients treated with radical prostatectomy (RP), we tested the effect of upstaging and upgrading on cancer-specific mortality (CSM).

Methods: Within the SEER database (2010-2021), upstaging (≥pT3a or pN1) and upgrading (ISUP ≥3) rates in FIR RP patients were tabulated. Kaplan-Meier (KM) plots and multivariable Cox-regression models (CRMs) were fitted.

Specific symptomatology profile associated with treatment resistant depression: A multicentric study from the Group for the Study of Resistant Depression with a focus on sex.

Background: Clinical predictors of treatment-resistant depression could improve treatment strategies. Depressive symptom profiles at baseline are potential outcome predictors, but little evidence is available, and sex-specific profiles have been scarcely investigated.

Methods: Baseline symptom scores of 1294 patients with major depressive disorder were assessed by the Montgomery-Åsberg depression rating scale (MADRS) as part of a multicenter study by the "Group for the Studies of Resistant Depression".

Three-year treatment with anti-CGRP monoclonal antibodies modifies migraine course: the prospective, multicenter I-GRAINE study.

Objectives: To determine whether extending anti-CGRP mAb treatment beyond 3 years influences migraine course, we analyzed migraine frequency during the first month of treatment discontinuation following three 12-month treatment cycles (Ts).

Methods: This multicenter, prospective, real-world study enrolled 212 patients with high-frequency episodic migraine (HFEM) or chronic migraine (CM) who completed three consecutive Ts of subcutaneous anti-CGRP mAbs. Discontinuation periods (D1, D2, D3) were defined as the first month after T1, T2, and T3, respectively.

Irisin and Metastatic Melanoma: Selective Anti-Invasiveness Activity in BRAF Wild-Type Cells.

Irisin is a newly discovered 12 kDa messenger protein involved in energy metabolism. Irisin affects signaling pathways in several types of cancer; however, the role of irisin in metastatic melanoma (MM) has not been described yet. We explored the biological effects of irisin in in vitro models of MM cells (HBL, LND1, Hmel1 and M3) capable of the oncogenic activation of BRAF.

Serum Lipids Alterations in Patients Under Systemic JAK Inhibitors Treatments in Dermatology: Clinical Aspects and Management.

: Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) have significantly advanced the treatment of various dermatological conditions by modulating the JAK-STAT signalling pathway. While these inhibitors have proven effective, they also pose challenges due to associated increase in serum lipid levels and relative potential cardiovascular risks. This perspective work aims to discuss the implications of these lipid alterations proposing management strategies for patients with dermatological disorders under JAKi treatments.

Prevalence of Hepatitis C Virus Among Hospitalized Patients in a Tertiary Hospital in Italy: The Basis for a National Screening Assessment Model?

Free-of-charge hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV Ab) screening in some key populations and in 1969-1989 birth cohorts have been funded in Italy as the first step in confirming diagnosis in individuals who may be unaware of their infection. The purpose of this study is to leverage existing in-hospital routine screening data to better understand the distribution of HCV. A retrospective study of hospitalized patients (PTs) tested for HCV Ab for 5 years (from January 2017 to December 2022) in San Raffaele hospital was conducted according to age categories: birth year group before 1947 (patients older than 76 years old), birth year group 1947-1968, birth year group 1969-1989, and two other groups with birth year groups 1990-2000 and 2001-2022 (with patients younger than 33 years old) using the TriNetX platform.

Role of Probiotics in the Management of Patients with Ulcerative Colitis and Pouchitis.

Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) often requires surgical intervention, such as proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA). While IPAA improves patient outcomes, it can be associated with pouchitis, a common and debilitating complication characterized by inflammation of the pouch. The development of pouchitis is closely linked to dysbiosis-an imbalance in the gut microbiota.

Enlightening Nursing Care: A Protocol for a Multicenter Observational Study Measuring Nursing Work in Hospital Settings.

: Rising costs and demands for improved quality of care present complex challenges for existing healthcare systems. The strain on healthcare resources is exacerbated by the increasing complexity of patient conditions. The Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) system classifies inpatients according to clinical and treatment criteria, controls healthcare expenditures, and ensures the sustainability of procedures.

Favorable long-term cognitive outcomes following recurrent ARIA linked to amyloid-lowering therapies: two cases.

Introduction: The large-scale approval of anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies for treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) has raised concerns about their safety due to treatment-emergent amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA).

Methods: We present two cases of patients diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment due to AD who were enrolled in the GRADUATE I clinical trial. They received subcutaneous gantenerumab every two weeks during the study period.

Raphe-Type Bicuspid Aortic Valve as a Risk Factor for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Failure: Improving Outcomes Using the LIRA Method and the Medtronic FX Prosthesis.

Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in patients with severe aortic stenosis and raphe-type bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is still associated with poor outcomes in terms of increased risk of paravalvular regurgitation, stroke, and permanent pacemaker implantation. There is no definitive consensus on the optimal sizing method for prosthesis selection in this setting. The LIRA method is a supra-annular tailored sizing method specifically designed for bicuspid anatomy that might increase accuracy of prosthesis choice in BAV patients and improve TAVR outcomes.

Primary Epithelioid Angiosarcoma of the Penis: A Case Report With a Brief Review of the Literature.

Angiosarcoma of the penis is an exceptionally rare mesenchymal tumor, with only about 30 cases documented in the literature. Because of its rarity and the often nonspecific clinical presentation, histopathological examination plays a critical role in accurate diagnosis. Angiosarcoma of the penis typically arises in the corpus cavernosum but has also been reported in the glans and urethra, often presenting with metastases.

Green Dentistry: State of the Art and Possible Development Proposals.

: The objective of this narrative literature review was to highlight all dental procedures attributable to sectoral waste and to consider possible alternatives in line with the concept of sustainable development. : An extensive search of electronic databases, including the Cochrane Oral Health Group Specialized Register, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Search words included 'Green Dentistry', 'Dental Pollution', 'Pollutants and Dentistry', 'Disinfectants and Dentistry', and 'High-tech Dentistry'.

The Neurodevelopmental Dynamics of Multilingual Experience During Childhood: A Longitudinal Behavioral, Structural, and Functional MRI Study.

Background/objectives: A neurobiological framework of bi- or multilingual neurocognitive development must consider the following: (i) longitudinal behavioral and neural measures; (ii) brain developmental constraints across structure and function; and (iii) the development of global multilingual competence in a homogeneous social environment. In this study, we investigated whether multilingual competence yields early changes in executive attention control mechanisms and their underlying neural structures in the frontal-striatal system, such as the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex/pre-supplemental area and the left caudate.

Methods: We employed longitudinal neuroimaging and functional connectivity methods in a small group of multilingual children over two years.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapists' Experience on Relevance of Sleep and Sleep Disorders in Training and Clinical Practice: A Survey Study from Italy.

Background/objectives: Based on previous data reporting the status of health professionals' training about sleep clinical psychophysiology, insomnia, and its treatment in the US and Canada, this paper aims at providing a snapshot of the Italian situation, considering health professionals qualified to offer cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Adding information on different countries is important, as national health systems differ significantly, and distinct evidence-based pathways for change may be proposed.

Methods: Two hundred and thirteen CBT professionals (180 females; 33 males) answered a 5 min survey about their training and experience in recognizing and treating behavioral sleep disorders in their practice.

Outcomes of Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for High-Risk Colorectal Colitis-Associated Neoplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. High-risk colorectal colitis-associated neoplasia (HR-CAN) can be difficult to treat using traditional endoscopic resection methods. Aim of the study is to evaluate the outcomes of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) on IBD patients with HR-CANs.

Oncological Feasibility of Limited Neck Dissection in cN0 Supraglottic Laryngeal Cancer.

Background: Supraglottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a significant portion of head and neck cancers, with the management of clinically negative necks (cN0) through selective neck dissection (SND) being debated due to potential morbidities and low metastasis rates in levels IIb and IV.

Methods: This study is a retrospective, multicenter examination of the potential feasibility of limited neck dissection (LND), including only levels IIa and III in cN0 supraglottic SCC patients. It analyzed occult metastasis rates and explored relapse occurrences alongside potential predictors of lymph node metastasis.

Frailty index, frailty phenotype and 6-year mortality trends in the FRASNET cohort.

Background: Frailty, a geriatric syndrome associated with adverse outcomes, lacks a universal definition. No consensus exists on the most effective frailty scale for predicting mortality.

Methods: This prospective observational study followed community-dwelling volunteers for 6 years.

Awake Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in the Intensive Care Unit: Challenges and Emerging Concepts.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is an advanced treatment for severe respiratory failure. Implantation of ECMO before invasive ventilation or extubation during ECMO has been reported and is becoming increasingly popular. Avoidance of sedation and invasive ventilation during ECMO (commonly referred to as "awake ECMO") may have potential advantages, including a lower rate of delirium, shorter mechanical ventilation time, and the possibility of undergoing early rehabilitation and/or physiotherapy.

Macular Atrophy in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Topic: Macular atrophy incidence in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients undergoing anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment.

Clinical Relevance: Macular atrophy is a significant event that may occur in eyes with neovascular AMD treated with anti-VEGF therapy.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO, CRD42024474924).

Predicting the need for step-up after EUS-guided drainage of peripancreatic fluid collections, including Quadrant Necrosis Infection score validation: a prospective cohort study.

Background And Aims: Factors predicting the need for step-up procedures after EUS-guided drainage (EUS-FCD) of peripancreatic fluid collections (PFCs) were explored in retrospective studies restricted to Walled-Off Necrosis (WON) and Lumen Apposing Metal Stents (LAMS).

Methods: All consecutive candidates for EUS-FCD between 2020-2024 were included in a Prospective Registry of Therapeutic EUS (PROTECT, NCT04813055), with prospective monthly follow-up evaluating clinical success, adverse events and recurrences. Prospectively assessed baseline clinical and morphological factors, including the Quadrant-Necrosis-Infection (QNI) classification, were included in a stepwise logistic regression model to predict the need for step-up.