Risk and Prognostic Factors in Very Old Patients with Sepsis Secondary to Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Little is known about risk and prognostic factors in very old patients developing sepsis secondary to community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We conducted a retrospective observational study of data prospectively collected at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona over a 13-year period. Consecutive patients hospitalized with CAP were included if they were very old (≥80 years) and divided into those with and without sepsis for comparison.

Psychological correlates of sleep quality in lung cancer patients under chemotherapy: A single-center cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Disturbed sleep is a common complaint of lung cancer patients undergoing active oncologic treatment. We aimed to clarify the extent to which psychological symptoms, coping strategies, and social support interfere with sleep quality and whether they mediate the relationship between sleep quality and fatigue or functional capacity in a sample of chemotherapy treated lung cancer patients.

Methods: Lung cancer patients attending an oncology unit for scheduled chemotherapy cycles completed questionnaires assessing their sleep quality, fatigue, depression, anxiety, stress, coping, social support, symptoms of pain, dyspnea, and cough, and sleep hygiene practices.

Emerging strategies for the noninvasive diagnosis of nosocomial pneumonia.

: Hospital-acquired pneumonia is a common and therapeutically challenging diagnosis that can lead to severe sepsis, critical illness, and respiratory failure. In this review, we focus on efforts to enhance microbiological diagnosis of hospital-acquired pneumonia, including ventilator-associated pneumonia. : A systematic literature review was conducted by searching Medline from inception to December 2018, including hand-searching of the reference lists for additional studies.

Highlights of thoracic oncology from the 2018 ERS International Congress.

Lung cancer is a substantial global burden for patients, healthcare professionals and healthcare systems. Multiple scientific international and national initiatives are tackling the various problems associated with this disease, which is currently the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. During the European Respiratory Society International Congress 2018 in Paris, France, lung cancer experts gathered to present the most recent aspects of lung cancer care, and discuss the need for joint initiatives and an international lung cancer alliance, aiming to provide high quality, accessible health care.

Correction to: Protective ventilation with high versus low positive end-expiratory pressure during one-lung ventilation for thoracic surgery (PROTHOR): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

After publication of the original article [1], the authors have notified us that two of the collaborator first and last names have been inverted in the "PROTHOR Investigators" table.

The Economic Burden of Asthma in Greece: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The high prevalence rates of asthma worldwide and the chronic nature of the disease make asthma a major cause of morbidity, imposing a significant socio-economic burden in many countries. Specifically in Greece, the self-reported prevalence of asthma reached 9% in 2017.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the total management cost of asthma in Greece and its potential determinants.

Protective ventilation with high versus low positive end-expiratory pressure during one-lung ventilation for thoracic surgery (PROTHOR): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPC) may result in longer duration of in-hospital stay and even mortality. Both thoracic surgery and intraoperative mechanical ventilation settings add considerably to the risk of PPC. It is unclear if one-lung ventilation (OLV) for thoracic surgery with a strategy of intraoperative high positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and recruitment maneuvers (RM) reduces PPC, compared to low PEEP without RM.

Inflammatory profile in optimally treated patients with adult versus early-onset asthma.

: The age of asthma onset is often implicated in clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and management of the disease. : To define demographic, clinical and functional features and inflammatory characteristics in induced sputum in patients with adult-onset asthma. : Optimally treated patients from asthma clinics of two tertiary hospitals were included in the study.

Isoniazid (INH) mono-resistance and tuberculosis (TB) treatment success: analysis of European surveillance data, 2002 to 2014.

Introduction: Isoniazid (INH) is an essential drug for tuberculosis (TB) treatment. Resistance to INH may increase the likelihood of negative treatment outcome.

Aim: We aimed to determine the impact of INH mono-resistance on TB treatment outcome in the European Union/European Economic Area and to identify risk factors for unsuccessful outcome in cases with INH mono-resistant TB.

Does aggressive management of solitary pulmonary nodules pay off?

Indeterminate solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs), measuring up to 3 cm in diameter, are incidental radiological findings. The ever-growing use of modern imaging has increased their detection. The majority of those nodules are benign; however, the possibility of diagnosing early-stage lung cancer still stands.

Experimental and investigational phosphodiesterase inhibitors in development for asthma.

Introduction: Severe, inadequately-controlled asthma remains a clinical challenge. For this reason, clinical trials and preclinical experimental studies on novel agents as an add-on therapies continue emerge. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes that regulate the function of immune cells by hydrolyzing cyclic guanosine monophosphate/cGMP and cyclic adenosine monophosphate/cAMP.

Mediastinal staging by videomediastinoscopy in clinical N1 non-small cell lung cancer.

http://ow.ly/42Wn30m78Zw.

Drugs that increase the risk of community-acquired pneumonia: a narrative review.

Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), a major cause of morbidity and mortality, is the leading infectious cause of death in the developed world. Population-based studies and systematic reviews have identified a large number of risk factors for the development of pneumonia in adults. In addition to age, lifestyle habits, and comorbidities, some forms of pharmacotherapy may also increase the risk for CAP.

Genetic diversity of mycobacterium tuberculosis in northern Greece.

The aim of the present study was to describe the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tuberculosis) strains circulating in the region of Northern Greece. A total of thirty-seven M.

Twenty-year trend in mortality among hospitalized patients with pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia.

Background: There is only limited information on mortality over extended periods in hospitalized patients with pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). We aimed to evaluate the 30-day mortality and whether is changed over a 20-year period among immunocompetent adults hospitalized with pneumococcal CAP.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of data that were prospectively collected at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona of all adult patients hospitalized with diagnosis of pneumococcal CAP over a 20-year period.

Expression of phosphatase and tensin homologue in imprint smears of endometrial carcinoma.

Objective: The aims of this study were to determine the expression of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) in endometrial adenocarcinomas (as a potential prognostic indicator before treatment) in imprint smears and to correlate the results with clinicopathological parameters of primary untreated endometrial cancer patients.

Methods: A total of 126 patients with endometrial carcinoma were evaluated with samples freshly resected after a total abdominal hysterectomy during a 29-month period. The expression of PTEN was assessed by immunocytochemistry.

Human Emotions on the Onset of Cardiovascular and Small Vessel Related Diseases.

Background/aim: The aim of the present study was to examine the relation between understanding of emotions and cardiovascular related diseases, namely coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus and obesity. The uniqueness of this study lies in the fact that it examined the relationship between the cardiovascular related diseases named above and the understanding of emotions in the context of Emotional Intelligence (EI).

Patients And Methods: The study was conducted in 300 participants during a 3 year period.

Genomic big data hitting the storage bottleneck.

During the last decades, there is a vast data explosion in bioinformatics. Big data centres are trying to face this data crisis, reaching high storage capacity levels. Although several scientific giants examine how to handle the enormous pile of information in their cupboards, the problem remains unsolved.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome in mechanically ventilated patients with community-acquired pneumonia.

Our aim was to assess the incidence, characteristics, aetiology, risk factors and mortality of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) using the Berlin definition.We prospectively enrolled consecutive mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients with CAP over 20 years, and compared them with mechanically ventilated patients without ARDS. The main outcome was 30-day mortality.

Oral lichenoid lesions of the upper lip and gingiva: What we know so far.

The clinical presentation of oral lichen planus and oral lichenoid lesions is diverse. A special category of patients presents with lichenoid lesions affecting only the mucosa of their upper lip and the anterior upper gingiva. This is a concise review summarizing the specific characteristics of these patients.

Insights into the molecular mechanisms of stress and inflammation in ageing and frailty of the elderly.

Frailty is a natural state of physical, cognitive and mental decline that is expected in the elderly. The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of frailty has been hypothesized, and so far many studies have been performed in order to understand the mechanism of action underlying this association. Recent studies support this hypothesis and show a clear association between inflammation, frailty, and age-related disease.