Imaging of Peritoneal Surface Malignancies.

Management of peritoneal surface malignancies is currently entrusted to a multimodality approach. Computed tomography (CT) scan remains the first imaging method despite the limitations in identifying small implants in critical regions. Magnetic resonance imaging is usually recommended for its performance in small implants, mesentery, and small bowel assessment.

Cost-effectiveness of ultrahigh-resolution photon-counting detector coronary CT angiography for the evaluation of stable chest pain.

Background: The increased specificity of ultrahigh-resolution (UHR) photon-counting detector (PCD)-CT over energy-integrating detector (EID)-CT for coronary CT angiography (CCTA) could defer unwarranted downstream tests. The objective of the study was to simulate the cost-effectiveness of UHR CCTA in stable chest pain patients with coronary calcifications.

Methods: A decision and simulation model was developed using Monte Carlo simulations with 1000 bootstrap resamples to estimate the costs associated with PCD-CT in lieu of EID-CT for CCTA and the referral for subsequent testing.

Radiomics in radiology: What the radiologist needs to know about technical aspects and clinical impact.

Radiomics represents the science of extracting and analyzing a multitude of quantitative features from medical imaging, revealing the quantitative potential of radiologic images. This scientific review aims to provide radiologists with a comprehensive understanding of radiomics, emphasizing its principles, applications, challenges, limits, and prospects. The limitations of standardization in current scientific production are analyzed, along with possible solutions proposed by some of the referenced papers.

Coronary CT angiography-based FFR with ultrahigh-resolution photon-counting detector CT: Intra-individual comparison to energy-integrating detector CT.

Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility of CT angiography-derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) calculations on ultrahigh-resolution (UHR) photon-counting detector (PCD)-CT series and to intra-individually compare the results with energy-integrating (EID)-CT measurements.

Method: Prospective patients with calcified plaques detected on EID-CT between April 1st, 2023 and January 31st, 2024 were recruited for a UHR CCTA on PCD-CT within 30 days. PCD-CT was performed using the same or a lower CT dose index and an equivalent volume of contrast media.

Ultra-high resolution coronary CT angiography on photon-counting detector CT: bi-centre study on the impact of quantum iterative reconstruction on image quality and accuracy of stenosis measurements.

Purpose: To assess the impact of different quantum iterative reconstruction (QIR) levels on objective and subjective image quality of ultra-high resolution (UHR) coronary CT angiography (CCTA) images and to determine the effect of strength levels on stenosis quantification using photon-counting detector (PCD)-CT.

Method: A dynamic vessel phantom containing two calcified lesions (25 % and 50 % stenosis) was scanned at heart rates of 60, 80 and 100 beats per minute with a PCD-CT system. In vivo CCTA examinations were performed in 102 patients.

Evaluation of a Tube Voltage-Based Contrast Media Adaptation in Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Using Personalized Triphasic Injection Protocols: A Matched Case-Control Study.

Rationale And Objectives: Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) has recently been established as a first-line test in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Due to the increased use of CCTA, strategies to reduce radiation and contrast medium (CM) exposure are of high importance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of automated tube voltage selection (ATVS)-adapted CM injection protocol for CCTA compared to a clinically established triphasic injection protocol in terms of image quality, radiation exposure, and CM administration MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients undergoing clinically indicated CCTA were prospectively enrolled from July 2021 to July 2023.

Snip conjunctivoplasty associated with methylene blue staining for treatment of postoperative conjunctival chemosis.

Conjunctival chemosis usually undergoes spontaneous resolution; sometimes, it requires treatment. We present the case of a 43 years-old female patient who developed bilateral conjunctival chemosis following upper and lower blepharoplasty. Two months after the operation, patient underwent bilateral snip conjunctivoplasty with methylene blue demarcation of the chemotic conjunctiva.

CIRSE Standards of Practice for the Endovascular Treatment of Visceral and Renal Artery Aneurysms and Pseudoaneurysms.

Background: Endovascular treatment of visceral and renal artery aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms is an effective, minimally invasive treatment that has been successfully used since the early 1990s, with refined and expanded techniques and tools currently offering excellent outcomes. Due to increased detection of such lesions in recent years, many of which are asymptomatic, revision of the indications for intervention and the correct endovascular treatment approaches has become essential.

Purpose: This document will presume that the indication for treatment is clear and approved by the multidisciplinary team and will define the standards required for the performance of each intervention, as well as their relative advantages and limitations.

DIEP flap perfusion assessment using microdialysis versus Doppler ultrasonography: A comparative study.

Background: The increasing number of buried free-tissue transfer procedures and the need for an objective method to evaluate vascular complications of free flaps has led to the development of new technologies. Microdialysis has been used to monitor free flaps using interstitial biological markers. Previous uses mainly focused on muscular flaps.

MRI-guided thoraco-abdominal percutaneous needle biopsy: our initial experience.

Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the technique and to report early results of thoraco-abdominal biopsies in the Interventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Suite (IMRIS).

Materials And Methods: We prospectively evaluated patients with indications for MRI-guided biopsy between January 2021 and May 2022. Exclusion criteria were indication for US-/CT-guided biopsy, contraindication to percutaneous biopsy, inability to lie flat for at least 30 min, claustrophobic, severe obesity, or non-MRI compatible devices.

Effects of DIEP flap-based breast reconstruction on respiratory function.

Background: Breast reconstruction (BR) is an essential part of breast cancer treatment, and the DIEP flap is considered the gold standard reconstruction technique, which uses a free abdominal flap. Concerns have been raised regarding the effects of abdominoplasty on respiratory functions. This topic has not been addressed regarding donor-site closure of DIEP flaps.

An economic impact of incorrect referrals for MRI and CT scans: A retrospective analysis.

Background And Aims: Up to date, no research on the economic efficacy of diagnostic modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computerized tomography (CT), has been done in Central Asia. The aim of this study was to analyse the inappropriate appointments of MRI and CT scanning procedures in Kazakhstan.

Methods: We used the imaging diagnostic reports and medical records from 9725 planned outpatient CT and MRI exams performed in two major hospitals in Almaty.

Free-style technique versus computed tomographic angiography-guided perforator selection in deep inferior epigastric perforator flap harvest: A prospective clinical study.

Background: Computed tomographic angiography (CTA) is the preferred diagnostic tool in preoperative deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap assessment, though some surgeons prefer approaching perforator selection with intraoperative findings alone.

Methods: This prospective observational study conducted between 2015 and 2020 assessed our intraoperative decision-making "free-style" technique for DIEP flap harvest. Any patient with indication for immediate or delayed breast reconstruction using abdominally based flaps and who received preoperative CTA was enrolled.

Editorial for Special Issue on Imaging Biomarker in Oncology.

Imaging biomarkers are the expression of quantitative imaging and have become central in the management of cancers, proving consistent and objective information to outline an appropriate workflow for oncologic patients [...

Determining Breast Implant Prevalence: A Population Study of Italian Chest Radiographs.

Background: Current breast implant prevalence within the general population remains elusive. An accurate prevalence is critical to serve as the denominator for any assessment of breast implant-related complication. The purpose of this manuscript is to assess this prevalence in women aged 20-70 years in Italy.

Editorial for "Pre-Treatment T2-WI Based Radiomics Features for Prediction of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Non-Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy: A Preliminary Study".

Colorectal cancer still represents the third most frequent cancer in the world; around one-third of cancers are located in the rectum, with important differences in terms of diagnosis, treatment management, and survival compared to colon cancer [...

Imaging of metabolic and overload disorders in tissues and organs.

Metabolic and overload disorders are a heterogeneous group of relatively uncommon but important diseases. While imaging plays a key role in the early detection and accurate diagnosis in specific organs with a pivotal role in several metabolic pathways, most of these diseases affect different tissues as part of a systemic syndromes. Moreover, since the symptoms are often vague and phenotypes similar, imaging alterations can present as incidental findings, which must be recognized and interpreted in the light of further biochemical and histological investigations.

Comment on Gassenmaier et al. Accelerated T2-Weighted TSE Imaging of the Prostate Using Deep Learning Image Reconstruction: A Prospective Comparison with Standard T2-Weighted TSE Imaging. 2021, , 3593.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays a central role in oncology without using ionizing radiation or radioactive markers [...

Updates on Quantitative MRI of Diffuse Liver Disease: A Narrative Review.

Diffuse liver diseases are highly prevalent conditions around the world, including pathological liver changes that occur when hepatocytes are damaged and liver function declines, often leading to a chronic condition. In the last years, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is reaching an important role in the study of diffuse liver diseases moving from qualitative to quantitative assessment of liver parenchyma. In fact, this can allow noninvasive accurate and standardized assessment of diffuse liver diseases and can represent a concrete alternative to biopsy which represents the current reference standard.

The use of Fat-Augmented Latissimus Dorsi (FALD) flap for male Poland Syndrome correction: a case report.

We present a 23-year-old male patient with severe PS, characterized by marked left thoracic wall deformity. Reconstruction was performed using the Fat-Augmented Latissimus Dorsi flap, which was fixed to the chest wall hollowing corresponding to where the pectoralis major muscle was missing. Patient was satisfied with final aesthetic and functional result.

Artificial intelligence based image quality enhancement in liver MRI: a quantitative and qualitative evaluation.

Purpose: To compare liver MRI with AIR Recon Deep Learning™(ARDL) algorithm applied and turned-off (NON-DL) with conventional high-resolution acquisition (NAÏVE) sequences, in terms of quantitative and qualitative image analysis and scanning time.

Material And Methods: This prospective study included fifty consecutive volunteers (31 female, mean age 55.5 ± 20 years) from September to November 2021.

Myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy vs Fabry disease.

Background: Little is known about prevalence and predictors of myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) in Fabry disease (FD) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We assessed and compared the prevalence and predictors of MINOCA in a large cohort of HCM and FD patients.

Methods: In this multicenter, retrospective study we enrolled 2870 adult patients with HCM and 267 with FD.

Total breast reconstruction with the fat-augmented latissimus dorsi (FALD) flap: High safety in a single-center uncontrolled case series.

According to ASPS, 107,238 breast reconstructions (BR) have been performed in the United States this year. The latissimus dorsi (LD) flap is used for breast reconstruction (BR), either with an implant or an extended flap harvest. Implant-enhanced LD is associated with 50% reoperation rates.