Comparison between unilateral and bilateral clubfoot treated with Ponseti method at walking age: static and dynamic assessment.

This study evaluated the static, postural, dynamic, and clinical outcomes among five groups of patients: a bilateral CTEV (congenital talipes equinovarus) group treated with tenotomy (n = 14), bilateral CTEV group treated conservatively (n = 6), unilateral CTEV group treated with tenotomy (n = 7), unilateral CTEV group treated conservatively (n = 3), and control group (n = 20). Data were collected through baropodometric examinations and clinical evaluations using Pirani, clubfoot assessment protocol, foot and ankle disability index (FADI), and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society scores. Bilateral CTEV patients treated with tenotomy showed no statistically significant differences compared to healthy controls.

Exploring the Intersection of Hegemonic Masculinity, Sexuality, and Addiction in Men: A Qualitative Study.

In our society, as well as in many other parts of the world, sexuality is shaped through gender-differentiated socialization. This process compels individuals to align their desires, behaviors, emotions, and thoughts with the expectations of normative sexuality, especially hegemonic heterosexuality. The primary objective of this current research was to examine the influence of hegemonic masculinity on the sexuality of men struggling with addiction.

Neuropsychological test performance in mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: We sought to characterize the cognitive profile among individuals with mild cognitive impairment with Lewy bodies (MCI-LB) to help guide future clinical criteria.

Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis included MCI-LB studies with cognitive data from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and PsycINFO (January 1990 to March 2023). MCI-LB scores were compared to controls, MCI due to Alzheimer's disease (MCI-AD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) groups with random-effects models.

Impact of a very low-calorie ketogenic diet on metabolic and microbiota outcomes in post-bariatric patients and bariatric-Naïve individuals: A comparative pilot study.

Aims: To date, bariatric surgery (BS) is the most effective long-term treatment for obesity, but weight regain (WR) is common. The very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) is effective for weight loss and may influence gut microbiota (GM) composition, but it has been scarcely evaluated in post-bariatric patients. This study compared the efficacy and safety of a VLCKD in patients with WR post-bariatric surgery (BS+) and in bariatric surgery-naïve patients (BS-).

Circumferential nerve wrapping with muscle autograft: a modified strategy of microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia.

Microvascular decompression is considered a first-line treatment in classical trigeminal neuralgia. Teflon is the material commonly used. The use of autologous muscle has been occasionally reported.

High- versus Low-dose Oxytocin Regimens for Labor Augmentation: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess whether high- versus low-dose oxytocin regimens for labor augmentation are associated with differential risk for low Apgar score, neonatal acidosis, and other adverse labor outcomes.

Data Sources: We searched electronic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov) from inception up to March 2024 using combinations of the following keywords: "oxytocin," "oxytocin regimen," "oxytocin protocol," "oxytocin dosage," "active management," "high dose protocol," "low dose protocol," "augmentation of labor.

Maintenance treatment with vedolizumab in paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (VEDOKIDS): 54-week outcomes of a multicentre, prospective, cohort study.

Background: Infliximab and adalimumab are the only biologics thus far approved for paediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), so other biologics, such as vedolizumab, are prescribed off-label. Despite its frequent use, prospective data for vedolizumab treatment in children are available only for short-term induction outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of maintenance therapy with vedolizumab in paediatric patients with IBD.

Genetic identification of zoonotic parasite Anisakis pegreffii (Nematoda: Anisakidae) parasitizing the shortfin squid Illex argentinus under commercial exploitation in the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean.

Despite the shortfin squid, Illex argentinus, is one of the most important commercial species for the Argentine fisheries, being the third frozen product exported to Europe, the occurrence and distribution of zoonotic anisakid nematodes is scarcely reported. A total of 712 I. argentinus distributed in 17 samples, corresponding to its three main commercial stocks, caught along its distribution range in Argentine waters were examined for anisakid parasites.

Evaluating the Differential Effects of Dopamine Agonists and Clonazepam on Large Muscle Group Movements in Restless Legs Syndrome.

Study Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of dopamine agonists (DA) and Clonazepam on Large Muscle Group Movements during sleep (LMM), a distinct motor phenomenon, in Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 51 drug-free adult patients with RLS, divided into three groups: 33 received a DA (pramipexole or ropinirole), 15 received clonazepam, and 18 received a placebo. Each patient underwent two consecutive nocturnal polysomnographic (PSG) recordings: one baseline and one following treatment administration.

A Real-World Approach to Trifarotene Treatment in Patients with Acne and Acne Sequelae Based on the Experience of the Italian Acne Board.

Acne and acne sequelae can have an important impact on patients' quality of life, affecting interpersonal relationships and social functioning. Acne-induced scars (AIS) and acne-induced macular hyperpigmentation (AIH), in particular, are a major concern for patients with acne, as their management is challenging and often unsatisfactory. Retinoids are considered the mainstay of acne treatment because of their action on multiple pathogenetic factors, and there is increasing evidence that they can also improve AIS and AIH.

Underlying mechanisms for altered reactivity of posterior cortical electroencephalographic alpha rhythms in DLB and PDD.

Background: The amplitude of resting‐state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms is a promising neurophysiological biomarker to investigate the abnormalities of oscillatory neurophysiological thalamocortical mechanisms related to the general cortical arousal and vigilance in wakefulness in patients with dementia due to neurodegenerative diseases as Alzheimer’s disease (ADD), Parkinson’s disease (PDD) and Lewy Body disease (DLB). Here, we tested the hypothesis that the reactivity of posterior rsEEG alpha (about 8‐12 Hz) rhythms during the transition from eyes‐closed to ‐open condition may be lower in PDD patients than in DLB patients.

Methods: A Eurasian database provided clinical‐demographic‐rsEEG datasets in 35 ADD patients, 65 PDD patients, 30 DLB patients, and 25 matched cognitively unimpaired (Healthy) persons.

Default mode network and posterior resting‐state electroencephalographic alpha rhythms in Alzheimer’s disease patients.

Background: Alzheimer’s disease dementia (ADD) is the most common neurodegenerative dementing disorder, explaining about 60‐70% of 50 million patients worldwide (www.who.int).

EEG Alpha Rhythm Abnormalities During the Transition from Wakefulness to Light Sleep in Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment Due to Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Background: Vigilance and sleep disturbances in Alzheimer’s and related diseases, even at the stage of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), have been extensively documented, showing abnormal daytime naps and alterations in the sleep‐wake cycle. However, the EEG correlates of the transition from wakefulness to light sleep have not yet been compared between MCI patients due to Alzheimer’s vs. other neurodegenerative diseases.

A process mining approach to assessing diagnostic pathways in a memory clinic.

Background: Several clinical guidelines and recommendations have been developed to improve the diagnostic process of patients with dementia, with the aim of optimising patient care and fostering a cost‐effective use of resources. However, patient characteristics and organizational factors in clinical practice can lead physicians to deviate from recommendations. In this context, process mining (PM) is a powerful technique for evaluating the compliance of actual to ideal diagnostic pathways, but has never been used in the cognitive field.

Validation of the Italian consensus recommendations for the biomarker‐based etiological diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment: study design and preliminary data.

Background: In 2020, five Italian scientific societies issued diagnostic recommendations to improve the rational and combined use of biomarkers in the clinical practice of Italian memory clinics (Boccardi et al., 2020). The present project will aim to compare the most frequent diagnostic workups in three academic memory clinics before (pre‐recommendations: January 2018 ‐ December 2019) and after (post‐recommendations: October 2022 ‐ October 2023) the release of the recommendations to assess their implementation in clinical routine.

Relationship between Posterior Resting‐State Electroencephalographic Alpha Rhythms and Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Neuropathology in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Background: Patients with mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease (ADMCI) are characterized by abnormalities in resting‐state electroencephalographic (rsEEG) rhythms as measures of brain neural synchronization dysfunction (Babiloni et al., PMID: 33860614). Here, we tested the two following hypotheses that those rsEEG abnormalities: (i) may be higher in ADMCI patients than in patients with MCI not due to AD (noADMCI); and (ii) may be related to the AD diagnostic amyloid‐tau biomarkers derived from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

EEG Cortical Sources Abnormalities During Transition Between Wakefulness and Light Sleep in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Background: Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Sleep disturbances are closely linked in a bidirectional relationship. Indeed, sleep alterations represent a precipitating factor in early pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. Conversely, the accumulation of Aβ and tau proteins directly disrupts sleep‐wake cycles.

Salivary biomarkers for the molecular diagnosis of Dementia with Lewy Bodies.

Background: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common form of neurodegenerative dementia. Although its prevalence, DLB is under‐investigated and frequently misdiagnosed and there are no available biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate salivary a‐synuclein (a‐syn) and tau species in DLB patients as potential disease biomarkers and to assess their potential in differential diagnosis with Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Parkinson’s Disease (PD).

Pre-biologic FeNO might predict anti-IL-5/IL-5Rα response to treatment in severe asthmatics.

Objective: It remains unclear whether baseline FENO levels can predict response to anti-IL5/5R biologic treatment in patients with severe asthma.

Methods: We recruited 104 patients with severe eosinophilic asthma treated with anti-IL5/anti-IL5R for at least one year who had measured FeNO values before the beginning of anti-eosinophilic treatment. Population was divided into subjects with FeNO < 25 and ≥25 ppb.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor discontinuation in non-allografted Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients: a Campus ALL real-life study.

Not available.

On-treatment dynamics of circulating extracellular vesicles in the first-line setting of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer: the LEXOVE prospective study.

Extracellular vesicle (EV) monitoring can complement clinical assessment of cancer response. In this study, patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing osimertinib, alectinib, pembrolizumab or platinum-based chemotherapy ± pembrolizumab were enrolled. EVs were characterized using Bradford assay to quantify the circulating cell-free EV protein content (cfEV), and dynamic light scattering to assess Rayleigh ratio excess at 90°, z-averaged hydrodynamic diameter and polydispersity index.

Measuring trends in extinction risk: a review of two decades of development and application of the Red List Index.

The Red List Index (RLI) is an indicator of the average extinction risk of groups of species and reflects trends in this through time. It is calculated from the number of species in each category on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, with trends influenced by the number moving between categories when reassessed owing to genuine improvement or deterioration in status. The global RLI is aggregated across multiple taxonomic groups and can be disaggregated to show trends for subsets of species (e.

Sleep and circadian disturbances in children with neurodevelopmental disorders.

Sleep is essential for brain development and overall health, particularly in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs). Sleep disruptions can considerably impact brain structure and function, leading to dysfunction of neurotransmitter systems, metabolism, hormonal balance and inflammatory processes, potentially contributing to the pathophysiology of NDDs. This Review examines the prevalence, types and mechanisms of sleep disturbances in children with NDDs, including autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and various genetic syndromes.