Cancer-Associated Thrombosis: Pathophysiology, Laboratory Assessment, and Current Guidelines.

Dysregulated hemostasis in cancer patients is associated with various clinical conditions, from thromboembolic complications to disseminated intravascular coagulation. Despite the well-established association between cancer and thromboembolic complications, the mechanisms involved are not completely elucidated. There are several predisposing factors in cancer for increased thrombus generation, such as immobilization and chemotherapy.

The Five Periampullary Cancers, not Just Different Siblings but Different Families: An International Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: Cancer arising in the periampullary region can be anatomically classified in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), distal cholangiocarcinoma (dCCA), duodenal adenocarcinoma (DAC), and ampullary carcinoma. Based on histopathology, ampullary carcinoma is currently subdivided in intestinal (AmpIT), pancreatobiliary (AmpPB), and mixed subtypes. Despite close anatomical resemblance, it is unclear how ampullary subtypes relate to the remaining periampullary cancers in tumor characteristics and behavior.

Psychological Impact of Inflammatory Bowel Disease on University Students: A Systematic Review.

Entering and acclimatizing to a university is crucial for achieving academic goals and graduation. Chronic illnesses can reduce a person's capacity to perform tasks, whether physically, cognitively, or emotionally, about inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), there is a lack of research about the impact of IBD on the daily lives of students. IBD can be seen as having an adverse effect on the life of college students.

The road to tailored adjuvant chemotherapy for all four non-pancreatic periampullary cancers: An international multimethod cohort study.

Background: Despite differences in tumour behaviour and characteristics between duodenal adenocarcinoma (DAC), the intestinal (AmpIT) and pancreatobiliary (AmpPB) subtype of ampullary adenocarcinoma and distal cholangiocarcinoma (dCCA), the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) on these cancers, as well as the optimal ACT regimen, has not been comprehensively assessed. This study aims to assess the influence of tailored ACT on DAC, dCCA, AmpIT, and AmpPB.

Patients And Methods: Patients after pancreatoduodenectomy for non-pancreatic periampullary adenocarcinoma were identified and collected from 36 tertiary centres between 2010 - 2021.

Diagnosis, Treatment, and Outcome of Coccidioidal Osseous Infections: A Systematic Review.

Extrapulmonary infections by spp., though rare, can occur via dissemination, affecting singular or multiple sites, including the skin and musculoskeletal system. Skeletal involvement often manifests as osteomyelitis, particularly in the axial skeleton.

Rotational Thromboelastometry as a Diagnostic Tool for Persistent Infection in Two-Stage Exchange Arthroplasty.

There is a lack of reliable biomarkers for diagnosis of infection eradication prior to second-stage reimplantation in two-stage exchange arthroplasty for periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs). The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic accuracy of rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM) for persistent infection in two-stage exchange arthroplasties. A pilot, retrospective analysis was performed including 70 patients who underwent a two-stage exchange arthroplasty for PJI.

Differences in Lymph Node Metastases Patterns Among Non-pancreatic Periampullary Cancers and Histologic Subtypes: An International Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study and Systematic Review.

Background: Standard lymphadenectomy for pancreatoduodenectomy is defined for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and adopted for patients with non-pancreatic periampullary cancer (NPPC), ampullary adenocarcinoma (AAC), distal cholangiocarcinoma (dCCA), or duodenal adenocarcinoma (DAC). This study aimed to compare the patterns of lymph node metastases among the different NPPCs in a large series and in a systematic review to guide the discussion on surgical lymphadenectomy and pathology assessment.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients after pancreatoduodenectomy for NPPC with at least one lymph node metastasis (2010-2021) from 24 centers in nine countries.

Approaches and challenges in cancer immunotherapy pathways.

Cancer immunotherapy is an effective with critical approaches in the treatment of oncological patients. Whilst numerous research and clinical trials are underway to develop endogenous immunotherapy approaches, it is necessary to focus on fundamental issues and identify barriers to basic clinical progress. Addressing these challenges and the new pathways will require researchers and clinicians to join forces to accelerate the understanding of the complex interactions between cancer and the immune system and focus resources on developing better treatments for patients.

Infection, a Rapidly Emerging Threat in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units: A Systematic Review.

(1) In recent years, a global epidemiological shift in candidemia has been observed, marked by the emergence of resistant non-albicans Candida species. , in particular, has become a significant global concern, causing infections in both pediatric and adult populations within healthcare settings. Despite its widespread impact, there is a limited understanding of the clinical course and transmission dynamics of neonatal systemic Candida auris infections, hindering effective prevention and management.

A Real-world Study of Everolimus Plus Aromatase Inhibitor in Hormone Receptor-positive, HER2-negative Advanced Breast Cancer.

Background/aim: Everolimus in combination with exemestane was shown to offer benefit versus exemestane monotherapy in hormone receptor (HR)-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer patients who progressed after aromatase inhibitor (AI) therapy.

Patients And Methods: The medical records of metastatic breast cancer patients, treated with everolimus, were retrospectively reviewed to generate real life safety and efficacy data.

Results: Sixty-eight percent of the patients had received chemotherapy (for early or metastatic disease) and 26% had received chemotherapy for metastatic disease.

Different Periampullary Types and Subtypes Leading to Different Perioperative Outcomes of Pancreatoduodenectomy: Reality and Not a Myth; An International Multicenter Cohort Study.

This international multicenter cohort study included 30 centers. Patients with duodenal adenocarcinoma (DAC), intestinal-type (AmpIT) and pancreatobiliary-type (AmpPB) ampullary adenocarcinoma, distal cholangiocarcinoma (dCCA), and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) were included. The primary outcome was 30-day or in-hospital mortality, and secondary outcomes were major morbidity (Clavien-Dindo 3b≥), clinically relevant post-operative pancreatic fistula (CR-POPF), and length of hospital stay (LOS).

Investigation of the Use of Circulating Long Non-coding RNA HOXA Transcript at the Distal Tip (LncRNA HOTTIP) as a Biomarker in Breast Cancer.

The critical need for new diagnostic and prognostic methods is highlighted by the fact that breast cancer continues to be the top cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Due to the dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in numerous malignancies, they have become potential biomarkers in cancer. Recent research has focused on the lncRNA HOTTIP (HOXA transcript at the distal tip), which has a function in breast cancer metastasis and carcinogenesis.

Large cystic lymphangioma of the pancreas: unusual finding with differential diagnosis and therapeutic considerations.

Lymphangiomas are rare benign tumours of lymphatic vascular origin. They are more common in the paediatric population and manifest mainly in the neck and axillary region. Retroperitoneal lymphangiomas are <1% and pancreatic origin is even rarer.

Exploring the time-dependent regulatory potential of microRNAs in breast cancer cells treated with proteasome inhibitors.

Purpose: Breast cancer (BrCa) is a predominant type of cancer with a disparate molecular nature. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as promising key players in the regulation of pathological processes in BrCa. Proteasome inhibitors (PIs) emerged as promising anticancer agents for several human malignancies, including BrCa, inhibiting the function of the proteasome.

Choriocarcinoma After Term Pregnancy With a Subsequent Successful Pregnancy: A Rare Entity.

Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN) is a group of pregnancy-related disorders that arise from the cells of conception. They include gestational choriocarcinoma (CC), placental site trophoblastic tumor, and epithelioid trophoblastic tumor with these forms arising from a molar pregnancy, abortion, or a normal genetic pregnancy. Most cases of GTN are diagnosed when the serum hCG levels plateau or rise in patients being followed up after the diagnosis of hydatidiform mole but can also be suspected due to persistent vaginal bleeding after a normal pregnancy and delivery.

Group A Streptococcus Infection in Neonatal Population: A Systematic Review of The Literature.

(1) Background: The importance of group A streptococcus (GAS) infection severity has been recognized in children and adults. However, to our knowledge, there have been no systematic reviews or pooled assessments of the incidence and outcome of invasive GAS (iGAS) disease in neonates, a potentially high-risk population. Therefore, we performed a systematic review of available data regarding the risk factors, clinical presentation, and outcome of GAS infection in neonates.