Effects of Plant-Based Diet on Metabolic Parameters, Liver and Kidney Steatosis: A Prospective Interventional Open-label Study.

This interventional single-center prospective open-label study aims to evaluate the effects of a vegan diet, compared to a vegetarian and omnivorous diet, on metabolic parameters, insulin sensitivity, and liver and kidney steatosis in healthy adults. The study included 53 omnivorous participants aged 18-40 years, body-mass index 18-30 kg/m2, without any chronic disease, chronic medication use, active smoking, or significant alcohol consumption. All participants were omnivorous at baseline and selected to continue an omnivorous diet or transition to a vegetarian or vegan diet, with follow-up over six months.

Drug-Induced Myocardial Infarction: A Review of Pharmacological Triggers and Pathophysiological Mechanisms.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is a significant cardiovascular event caused by the decrease in or complete cessation of blood flow to a portion of the myocardium. It can arise from a variety of etiological factors, including pharmacological triggers. This review aims to explore the diverse drugs and substances that might lead to drug-induced myocardial infarction, focusing on their mechanisms of action and the pathophysiological processes involved.

Impact of weight change on kidney transplantation outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Aim: Kidney transplant recipients frequently experience a wide range of metabolic complications, including weight changes, which significantly impact patient outcomes and graft function, yet the relationship between weight gain and transplant outcomes remains poorly understood. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesise existing evidence on the influence of weight gain on patient and graft outcomes following kidney transplantation to enhance clinical practice and optimise post-transplant care strategies.

Materials And Methods: A literature search was conducted across databases such as PubMed and Scopus for peer-reviewed studies published up to 8 August 2024.

A study on the early metabolic effects of salt and fructose consumption: the protective role of water.

Increasing serum osmolality has recently been linked with acute stress responses, which over time can lead to increased risk for obesity, hypertension, and other chronic diseases. Salt and fructose are two major stimuli that can induce acute changes in serum osmolality. Here we investigate the early metabolic effects of sodium and fructose consumption and determine whether the effects of sodium or fructose loading can be mitigated by blocking the change in osmolality with hydration.

Are MTV and TLG Accurate for Quantifying the Intensity of Brown Adipose Tissue Activation?

Recent research has suggested that one novel mechanism of action for anti-obesity medications is to stimulate the activation of brown adipose tissue (BAT). FDG PET/CT remains the gold standard for defining and quantifying BAT. SUVmax is the most often used quantification tool in clinical practice.

Kidney and liver fat accumulation: from imaging to clinical consequences.

Background: Recent studies indicate that accumulation of adipose tissue in various organs such as liver and kidney may contribute to the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome. We aim to investigate the association between kidney and liver adipose tissue accumulation, assessed by the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) proton density fat fraction technique, along with its relation to clinical and biochemical parameters.

Methods: We included 51 volunteers with phenotypical features of metabolic syndrome (mean age = 34 years, mean body-mass index = 26.

Pancreatic steatosis is an independent risk factor for post-transplant diabetes mellitus in kidney transplant patients.

Background And Aim: Post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) is associated with an increased risk of post-transplant cardiovascular diseases, and several risk factors of PTDM have been shown in the literature. Yet, the relationship between hepatic and pancreatic steatosis with post-transplant diabetes mellitus remains vague. We aimed to evaluate pancreatic steatosis, a novel component of metabolic syndrome, and hepatic steatosis association with post-transplant diabetes mellitus in a single-center retrospective cohort study conducted on kidney transplant recipients.

Effect of tirzepatide on blood pressure and lipids: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Aim: To perform a meta-analysis to quantify the effect of tirzepatide on blood pressure and lipids.

Methods: PubMed, Ovid/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library and CINAHL databases were screened and the randomized controlled trials evaluating the effects of tirzepatide on either blood pressure or lipid profiles were included.

Results: Seven randomized controlled trials have investigated the effects of tirzepatide on blood pressure and lipid profiles.

The association between acute kidney injury and outcomes in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPIs) are a novel therapeutic approach to cancer treatment that have changed the landscape of cancer therapy but also have some considerable drawbacks. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of these potential complications that may have effects on patient outcomes. In this review, we assessed the effect of AKI on mortality outcomes in cancer patients receiving this immunotherapy.

Immune checkpoints inhibitors and its link to acute kidney injury and renal prognosis.

Background: Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPi) may cause acute kidney injury (AKI) and their use is increasing.

Materials And Methods: This is a single-center retrospective cohort study of patients receiving ICPi drugs for solid organ malignancies. ICPi-related AKI, the need for renal replacement therapy during or following ICPi treatment, and the associated mortality was studied.

The risk for chronic kidney disease in metabolically healthy obese patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Nevertheless, the association of CKD with phenotype referred as metabolically healthy obese or overweight is unclear. In this this systematic review and meta-analysis, we investigate the relationships between obesity and CKD independent of metabolic syndrome by appraising published evidence in studies focusing on metabolically healthy obese people.

Assessment of hypertension in obstructive sleep apnea by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Among obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients, there exists a high prevalence of hypertension. Determining the optimal blood pressure (BP) monitoring modality in this population will lead to a better understanding of hypertension profiles and a more accurate diagnosis of hypertension. PubMed, Ovid/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL databases were screened, and the relevant articles regarding BP monitoring in OSA patient population were selected.