3D virtual models and augmented reality for radical prostatectomy: a narrative review.

Background And Objective: The increasing popularity of three-dimensional (3D) virtual reconstructions of two-dimensional (2D) imaging in urology has led to significant technological advancements, resulting in the creation of highly accurate 3D virtual models (3DVMs) that faithfully replicate individual anatomical details. This technology enhances surgical reality, providing surgeons with hyper-accurate insights into instantaneous subjective surgical anatomy and improving preoperative surgical planning. In the uro-oncologic field, the utility of 3D virtual reconstruction has been demonstrated in nephron-sparing surgery, impacting surgical strategy and postoperative outcomes in prostate cancer (PCa).

Current Antithrombotic Treatments for Cardiovascular Diseases: A Comprehensive Review.

Antithrombotic therapies (ATT) play a pivotal role in the management of cardiovascular diseases, aiming to prevent ischemic events while maintaining a delicate balance with the patient's bleeding risk. Typically, ATT can be classified into antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies. Their application spans a broad spectrum of cardiovascular conditions, ranging from ischemic heart disease to atrial fibrillation, encompassing venous thromboembolisms and innovative structural interventional cardiology procedures.

Planning Benchmark Study for Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy of Pancreas Carcinomas With Simultaneously Integrated Boost and Protection: Results of the DEGRO/DGMP Working Group on Stereotactic Radiation Therapy and Radiosurgery.

Purpose: The proximity or overlap of planning target volume (PTV) and organs-at-risk (OARs) poses a major challenge in stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) of pancreatic cancer (PACA). This international treatment planning benchmark study investigates whether simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) and simultaneous integrated protection (SIP) concepts in PACA SBRT can lead to improved and harmonized plan quality.

Methods And Materials: A multiparametric specification of desired target doses (gross target volume [GTV], GTV, PTV, and PTV) with 2 prescription doses of GTV = 5 × 9.

Pain from Internal Organs and Headache: The Challenge of Comorbidity.

Headache and visceral pain are common clinical painful conditions, which often co-exist in the same patients. Numbers relative to their co-occurrence suggest possible common pathophysiological mechanisms. The aim of the present narrative review is to describe the most frequent headache and visceral pain associations and to discuss the possible underlying mechanisms of the associations and their diagnostic and therapeutic implications based on the most recent evidence from the international literature.

Precision Medicine in Peritoneal Dialysis: An Expert Opinion on the Application of the Sharesource Platform for the Remote Management of Patients.

The management of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) has been constantly evolving over the last decade with the development of targeted approaches. In this field, telemedicine and remote monitoring are based on the availability of new cyclers that allow for bidirectional communication (between patient and physician) and for the application of the Sharesource cloud-based platform. These technologies allow patients with ESKD to undergo automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) at home.

Hallmarks for Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Risks in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue causing a significant health burden. CKD patients develop thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications, and cardiovascular diseases are associated with increased hospitalization and mortality in this population. The hemostatic alterations are multifactorial in these patients; therefore, the results of different studies are varying and controversial.

Magnetic Resonance Evaluation of Tissue Iron Deposition and Cardiac Function in Adult Regularly Transfused Thalassemia Intermedia Compared with Thalassemia Major Patients.

: This multicenter, retrospective, population-based, matched-cohort study compared clinical characteristics and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, including hepatic, pancreatic, and cardiac iron levels and cardiac function, between 135 adult regularly transfused thalassemia intermedia (TI) patients (44.73 ± 12.16 years, 77 females) and 135 age- and sex-matched thalassemia major (TM) patients (43.

Pediatric-onset Multiple Sclerosis treatment: a multicentre observational study comparing natalizumab with fingolimod.

Background: Pediatric-onset Multiple Sclerosis (POMS) patients show more inflammatory disease compared with adult-onset MS. However, highly effective treatments are limited with only fingolimod being approved in Italy and natalizumab prescribed as off-label treatment.

Objectives: to compare the efficacy of natalizumab versus fingolimod in POMS.

Sex disparities in acute-on-chronic liver failure: From admission to the intensive care unit to liver transplantation.

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a severe clinical syndrome characterized by acute liver decompensation in patients with chronic liver disease, marked by systemic inflammation and systemic organ failure. In this review, we discussed sex-related disparities in the incidence, prognosis, and access to liver transplantation (LT) for patients with ACLF, particularly during Intensive Care Unit (ICU) management. Some studies have suggested that ACLF is more prevalent among male patients admitted to the ICU, and they have higher mortality rates than females.

Macrophages and Mast Cells in the Gastric Mucosa of Patients with Obesity Undergoing Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) and mast cells (MCs) play a role in immune responses. More recently, their involvement in tumor angiogenesis and chronic inflammatory conditions in patients with obesity has been discovered. Furthermore, a higher BMI (Body Mass Index) value corresponds to a higher inflammatory state.

Combining Intravenous Thrombolysis and Dual Antiplatelet Treatment in Patients With Minor Ischemic Stroke: A Propensity Matched Analysis of the READAPT Study Cohort.

Background: The optimal treatment for acute minor ischemic stroke is still undefined. and options include dual antiplatelet treatment (DAPT), intravenous thrombolysis (IVT), or their combination. We aimed to investigate benefits and risks of combining IVT and DAPT versus DAPT alone in patients with MIS.

Biomechanical factors and atherosclerosis localization: insights and clinical applications.

Although the entire vascular bed is constantly exposed to the same risk factors, atherosclerosis manifests a distinct intra-individual pattern in localization and progression within the arterial vascular bed. Despite shared risk factors, the development of atherosclerotic plaques is influenced by physical principles, anatomic variations, metabolic functions, and genetic pathways. Biomechanical factors, particularly wall shear stress (WSS), play a crucial role in atherosclerosis and both low and high WSS are associated with plaque progression and heightened vulnerability.

Needs of female outpatients with alcohol use disorder: data from an Italian study.

Aims: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a common mental disorder characterized by sex-gender differences (SGDs). The present study was aimed at evaluating attitudes displayed by Italian AUD treatment services towards investigating the presence of SGDs in their patients and implementing gender-specific treatments for female AUD patients.

Methods: Potential SGDs were initially investigated in a sample of AUD outpatients, subsequently followed by a national survey on the adoption of specific interventions for female AUD outpatients.

Xen gel stent implant for persistent glaucoma after silicone oil removal.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the XEN-Stent for managing unresponsive to medical therapy secondary glaucoma after silicone oil (SO) removal.

Methods: This retrospective chart reviewed 12 patients who underwent vitrectomy and SO endotamponade. They experienced intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation after SO removal despite taking the maximum tolerated glaucoma medication.

Recruitment-to-inflation ratio to assess response to PEEP during laparoscopic surgery: A physiologic study.

Study Objective: During laparoscopic surgery, the role of PEEP to improve outcome is controversial. Mechanistically, PEEP benefits depend on the extent of alveolar recruitment, which prevents ventilator-induced lung injury by reducing lung dynamic strain. The hypotheses of this study were that pneumoperitoneum-induced aeration loss and PEEP-induced recruitment are inter-individually variable, and that the recruitment-to-inflation ratio (R/I) can identify patients who benefit from PEEP in terms of strain reduction.

Stem revision vs. internal fixation in Vancouver B2/B3 periprosthetic hip fractures: systematic review and metanalysis.

Introduction: Vancouver B2 and B3 periprosthetic fractures (PFF) are associated with stem instability and often require a demanding stem implant revision (SR) or internal fixation (ORIF). This latter surgery is increasingly performed in the last few years instead of SR, but it is unclear which is the best treatment to manage PFF patients. The aim of this study is the compare the outcomes of B2/B3 PFF managed by either ORIF or SR, by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of current literature.

Effects of Rheopheresis in dialysis patients with peripheral artery disease and diabetic foot ulcers: A multicentric Italian study.

Background: Peripheral artery disease (PAD) in hemodialysis (HD) patients has a significant social impact due to its prevalence, poor response to standard therapy and dismal prognosis. Rheopheresis is indicated by guidelines for PAD treatment.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-five HD patients affected by PAD stage IV Lerichè-Fontaine and ischemic ulcer 1C or 2C according to the University of Texas Wound Classification System (UTWCS), without amelioration after traditional medical therapy and/or revascularization, were selected and underwent 12 Rheopheresis sessions in 10 weeks.