Mediterranean diet, neutrophil count, and carotid intima-media thickness in secondary prevention: the CORDIOPREV study.

Background And Aims: Several studies have supported the role of innate immune system as a key factor in the sterile inflammation underlying the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis in mice. However, its involvement in humans remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the association between neutrophil count, and the intima-media thickness of common carotid arteries (IMT-CC), as well as the potential impact of long-term dietary interventions on these associations.

Do problematic gamblers and loot boxers share similar fallacies of thought? A comparative analysis of cognitive biases.

Cognitive biases are associated with the beginning and maintenance of addictive behaviours. While these biases have been studied in gambling, they have yet to be thoroughly investigated in the context of loot boxes (LBs), largely because of the relatively recent emergence of this phenomenon. This study compared cognitive biases in problematic gamblers, non-problematic gamblers, LB purchasers, and free-LB openers.

Tofacitinib versus Vedolizumab Among Bio-naïve Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Real-World Propensity-Weighted Comparison.

Background And Aims: Over the last decade, treatment options for moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC) have expanded. However, comparative studies between these agents are limited, especially among biologic-naïve patients. We aimed to compare the persistence, effectiveness and safety of tofacitinib and vedolizumab as the first advanced treatment for patients with UC.

Disparities in gender and race representation among authors of inflammatory bowel disease clinical trials.

Background And Aims: Female physicians, particularly those from minority populations, are significantly underrepresented in research authorship in gastroenterology. This underrepresentation negatively impacts their career progression. This study analyses gender and race representation trends in published clinical trials in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and associated factors.

Palbociclib plus letrozole in estrogen receptor-positive advanced/recurrent endometrial cancer: Double-blind placebo-controlled randomized phase II ENGOT-EN3/PALEO trial.

Purpose: The CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib inhibits cyclin A, which is overexpressed in endometrial cancer. Combining palbociclib with endocrine therapy improves efficacy in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. We investigated palbociclib combined with endocrine therapy for estrogen receptor-positive advanced/recurrent endometrial cancer.

Aging Deteriorates Blood Brain Barrier Function and Polarizes Adaptive T Cell Expansion Contributing to Neurocognitive Damage in Experimental Cirrhosis.

Cirrhosis incidence is significantly increased with age and frequently complicated with neurocognitive dysfunction. We have evaluated the contribution of aging to neuroinflammation in the liver-brain axis in advanced chronic liver disease. Young (6-week-old) and old (9-month-old) mice were included in a 12-week protocol of CCl-induced cirrhosis.

Challenges in developing response evaluation criteria for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy: A consensus report from the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society Advisory Board Meeting 2022 and the ENETS Theranostics Task Force.

Assessing the response to systemic therapy in neuroendocrine tumors (NET) is challenging since morphological imaging response is often delayed and not necessarily reflective of clinical benefit. Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) has a complex mechanism of action, further complicating response assessment. In response to these challenges, the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Theranostics Task Force conducted a statement-based survey among experts to identify the current landscape and unmet needs in PRRT response assessment.

First-in-class transactivator-free, doxycycline-inducible IL-18-engineered CAR-T cells for relapsed/refractory B cell lymphomas.

Although chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has revolutionized type B cancer treatment, efficacy remains limited in various lymphomas and solid tumors. Reinforcing conventional CAR-T cells to release cytokines can improve their efficacy but also increase safety concerns. Several strategies have been developed to regulate their secretion using minimal promoters that are controlled by chimeric proteins harboring transactivators.

Cortical hypometabolism in Parkinson's disease is linked to cholinergic basal forebrain atrophy.

Cortical hypometabolism on FDG-PET is a well-established neuroimaging biomarker of cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD), but its pathophysiologic origins are incompletely understood. Cholinergic basal forebrain (cBF) degeneration is a prominent pathological feature of PD-related cognitive impairment and may contribute to cortical hypometabolism through cholinergic denervation of cortical projection areas. Here, we investigated in-vivo associations between subregional cBF volumes on 3T-MRI, cortical hypometabolism on [F]FDG-PET, and cognitive deficits in a cohort of 95 PD participants with varying degrees of cognitive impairment.

Reirradiation Practice in Gynecological Cancer: Insights from a National Survey in Spain.

Purpose: Given the lack of standardisation in gynecological cancer reirradiation, the Gyneacologial Radiation Oncology (GINECOR) working group on behalf of the Spanish Society of Radiation Oncology (SEOR), works towards to inquire the current state of reirradiation practices among the radiation oncology departments in Spain.

Methods: An online 37-question survey was sent to all GINECOR members, representing most Spanish centers. The survey addressed general aspects of reirradiation, including experience, reirradiation sites, and techniques used.

Smartphone-Enabled Point-of-Care Testing for Prehospital Stroke Diagnosis.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of point-of-care testing (POCT) devices for N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) measurement in prehospital settings, with the aim of improving the speed and accuracy of stroke diagnosis, thereby facilitating quicker and more effective patient care.

Methods: Prehospital blood samples were collected from suspected stroke patients, and NT-proBNP levels were measured using a POCT device in ambulances and hospitals. Results from the NT-proBNP POCT and smartphone images were analyzed.

Executive summary: Clinical practice guidelines on the management of resistant tuberculosis of the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) and the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC).

The Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR) and the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) have developed together Clinical Practice Guidelines (GPC) on the management of people affected by tuberculosis (TB) resistant to drugs with activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These clinical practice guidelines include the latest updates of the SEPAR regulations for the diagnosis and treatment of drug-resistant TB from 2017 to 2020 as the starting point. The methodology included asking relevant clinical questions based on PICO methodology, a literature search focusing on each question, and a systematic and comprehensive evaluation of the evidence, with a summary of this evidence for each question.

Assessing the impact of vaccines on COVID-19 efficacy in survival rates: a survival analysis approach for clinical decision support.

Background: The global COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has presented significant challenges to healthcare systems worldwide.

Objective: This study, based on an analysis of a cohort from the Public Health System of Andalusia (Spain), aims to evaluate how vaccination affects case-fatality rate in patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection in Andalusia.

Methods: The cohort consists of 37,274 individuals after applying the inclusion criteria.

Bisphosphonate drug holidays in osteoporosis according to fracture risk profile.

Unlabelled: We analyzed the incidence of fractures and changes in bone mineral density and bone turnover markers in 264 patients who discontinued bisphosphonates. Fractures were recorded in 12.3%.

COVID-19 clinical phenotypes in vaccinated and nonvaccinated solid organ transplant recipients: a multicenter validation study.

Clinical phenotypes of COVID-19, associated with mortality risk, have been identified in the general population. The present study assesses their applicability in solid organ transplant recipients (SOTR) hospital-admitted by COVID-19. In a cohort of 488 SOTR, nonvaccinated (n = 394) and vaccinated (n = 94) against SARS-CoV-2, we evaluated 16 demographic, clinical, analytical, and radiological variables to identify the clinical phenotypes A, B, and C.

Inflammatory bowel disease in axial spondyloarthritis patients. Is there any specific clinical picture? Data from the RESPONDIA and REGISPONSER registries.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects 5%-10% of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. Prior data suggest AS patients with IBD may have more severe disease and lower HLA-B27 prevalence. Yet, little is known about potential distinctions in AS with IBD compared to those without IBD.

Movement Behaviors and Bone Biomarkers in Young Pediatric Cancer Survivors: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the iBoneFIT Project.

Background/objectives: This study aims to investigate the association of movement behaviors with irisin, sclerostin, and bone turnover markers in young pediatric cancer survivors.

Methods: A total of 116 young pediatric cancer survivors (12.1 ± 3.

Porin expression in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae: a comparison of SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF/MS and limitations of whole genome sequencing analysis.

Background: The permeability of the outer membrane barrier modulates the susceptibility of microorganisms to antimicrobial agents. Loss or structural alterations of porins contribute to decreased antibiotic concentration of multiple antimicrobial agents. Precise definition of porin profiles is of critical importance to understand the role of porins in antimicrobial resistance.

Lumbopelvic rhythm analysis by quartiles: Identification of differences in lumbar and pelvic contribution during trunk flexion and extension in subjects with low back pain of different origin. A case-control study.

Low back pain (LBP) can alters spinal kinematics. However, for adequate clinical care, a better understanding of lumbopelvic biomechanical behaviour according to the type of LBP is required. Our objectives were to identify differences in lumbopelvic rhythm (LPR) between subjects with acute low back pain (aLBP), axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and healthy subjects.