Higher Adherence to the EAT-Lancet Diets After a Lifestyle Intervention in a Pediatric Population with Abdominal Obesity.

: The rising prevalence of pediatric obesity highlights the urgent need for effective lifestyle interventions that improve diet quality, in line with global health objectives. Tackling obesity through planetarian dietary practices not only enhances individual health but also mitigates the environmental impact of food systems. The EAT-Lancet Commission's plant-based dietary recommendations underscore the dual benefit of promoting human health while supporting environmental sustainability.

Dietary Lipid Quantity and Quality Modulate the Postprandial Metabolomic Profile in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome.

Unlabelled: The literature on the postprandial metabolic changes in individuals with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) remains limited, despite the fact that postprandial states represent the most common physiological condition in Western societies.

Background/objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the plasma metabolomics profile in both fasting and postprandial states following a high-fat challenge in individuals with MetS who consumed diets with varying quantities and qualities of dietary fat over 12 weeks.

Methods: Seventy-five patients with MetS (28 males and 47 females) from the Spanish LIPGENE cohort were included in the study.

No Obesity Paradox for Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction: Insights from the VIDA Multicenter Study.

Previous studies showed that, paradoxically, obese patients with heart failure (HF) have better clinical outcomes compared to overweight, normal, or underweight patients. Scientific societies emphasize the importance of integrating quality of life (QoL) assessment in cardiovascular care. However, the association between QoL and weight remains understudied.

Sexual and Metabolic Differences in Hippocampal Evolution: Alzheimer's Disease Implications.

Sex differences in brain metabolism and their relationship to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's are an important emerging topic in neuroscience. Intrinsic anatomic and metabolic differences related to male and female physiology have been described, underscoring the importance of considering biological sex in studying brain metabolism and associated pathologies. The hippocampus is a key structure exhibiting sex differences in volume and connectivity.

Lumbopelvic Muscle Mechanical Properties in Women with Multiple Sclerosis: A Cross-Sectional Case-Controlled Study.

: To compare the lumbopelvic muscle mechanical properties (MMPs) of women with and without multiple sclerosis (MS) and explore relationships between these properties and sociodemographic/clinical characteristics. : This cross-sectional observational study included 22 women with MS and 22 age- and BMI-matched women without MS. MMPs (frequency, stiffness, decrement, relaxation, and creep) of pelvic floor and lumbar paravertebral muscles were assessed using a MyotonPRO device.

Predictive Factors of the Degrees of Malnutrition According to GLIM Criteria in Head and Neck Cancer Patients: Valor Group.

Malnutrition is highly prevalent in patients with head and neck cancer, with relevant consequences in the treatment results. Multicenter observational study including 514 patients diagnosed with HNC. The morphofunctional assessment was carried out during the first 2 weeks of radiotherapy treatment.

Multicentre Pilot Study to Evaluate the Efficacy of Targeted Exercise in Combination with Cytisinicline on Smoking Cessation at 12 Months: MEDSEC-CTA.

Current scientific evidence shows both the relationship between good physical condition and a lower incidence of certain chronic diseases (including smoking), as well as the efficacy of cytisinicline. The aim of this protocol is to evaluate the efficacy of the synergistic effect of the combination of targeted physical exercise, together with brief advice and taking the drug cytisinicline, to achieve smoking cessation. : We propose an experimental, multicentre, randomised, controlled study with two parallel arms to be carried out by a multidisciplinary team in the primary care setting of the Andalusian public health system (APHS) in Spain, with a follow-up of 12 months.

Dietary profiles of wild carnivores and Blastocystis occurrence: The case of the endangered Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) and systematic review.

Recent molecular and metagenomic studies have revealed that the obligate anaerobic protist Blastocystis is found more prevalently and with higher subtype diversities in herbivore species than in carnivore species. However, information on wild carnivore species is scarce. Here, we investigated the presence of Blastocystis by molecular methods in fecal DNA samples of free-ranging and captive Iberian lynxes from Spain (n = 243) and Portugal (n = 30).

Sensitization on Hemodialysis After Renal Graft Failure: HLA Incompatibility Still Matters.

Patients with renal graft failure can develop human leukocyte antigen (HLA) sensitization when returning to dialysis. There is no consensus on which factors could be associated with an increased risk of this kind of sensitization after graft loss. To try to identify some of these factors, a retrospective observational study was performed in our center.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of exercise-based intervention to prevent gestational diabetes in women with overweight or obesity.

Background: There is evidence that exercise may reduce the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and improve other obstetric outcomes in overweight or obese pregnant women. However, the available evidence is of low quality and inconclusive. The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of exercise, compared with usual care, in reducing GDM and other obstetric risks, in overweight and obese pregnant women.

Mucormycosis Infection in Lung Transplant Patients: Experience in Andalusia, Spain.

Introduction: Mucorales infections in the airways of lung transplant (LT) patients are rare but have a rising incidence in transplanted lungs.

Objective: We present our experience with LT in immediate postoperative infections due to mucormycosis.

Methods: Review of 767 LT performed in Andalusia between 2000 and 2023 identifying Mucorales through microbiological results and histological findings.

Hemodynamic Management guided by the Hypotension Prediction Index in Abdominal Surgery: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Postoperative acute kidney injury (AKI) after major abdominal surgery leads to poor outcomes. The Hypotension Prediction Index (HPI) may aid in managing intraoperative hemodynamic instability. This study assessed if HPI-guided therapy reduces moderate-to-severe AKI incidence in moderate-to-high-risk elective abdominal surgery patients.

Early oncological outcomes of delayed radical prostatectomy: A prospective, international, follow-up analysis of the COVIDSurg-Cancer study.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to compare the early oncological outcomes of delayed (>90 days) versus scheduled (≤90 days) radical prostatectomy (RP).

Patients And Methods: Patients with prostate cancer due to undergo surgery between March 2020 and June 2020 who were enrolled in the COVIDSurg-Cancer international, observational study were prospectively followed up for 1 year. Time to surgery was defined as the difference between the operation date and the multi-disciplinary team decision to offer surgery.

Efficacy of high doses of intravenous fosfomycin for treatment of urinary tract infection caused by KPC carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae. An observational study.

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of high-dose intravenous fosfomycin for the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTI) caused by KPC carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp). A secondary objective was to evaluate the impact of the results of fosfomycin susceptibility testing on prognosis.

Methods: This is an observational and retrospective study.

The splicing machinery is dysregulated and represents a therapeutic vulnerability in breast cancer.

Breast cancer (BCa) is a highly prevalent pathological condition (̴30% in women) with limited and subtype-dependent prognosis and therapeutic options. Therefore, BCa management might benefit from the identification of novel molecular elements with clinical potential. Since splicing process is gaining a great relevance in cancer, this work analysed the expression of multiple Spliceosome Components (SCs = 17) and Splicing Factors (SFs = 26) and found a drastic dysregulation in BCa (n = 69) vs.

Differential diagnosis and comparison of diagnostic algorithms in children and adolescents with autoimmune encephalitis in Spain: a prospective cohort study and retrospective analysis.

Background: The usefulness of current diagnostic approaches in children with suspected autoimmune encephalitis is unknown. We aimed to assess the diagnosis of autoimmune encephalitis in clinical practice and to compare the performance of two international diagnostic algorithms (one intended for patients of any age [general], the other intended for paediatric patients), with particular emphasis on the evaluation of patients with probable antibody-negative autoimmune encephalitis because this diagnosis suggests that immunotherapy should be continued or escalated but is difficult to establish.

Methods: We did a prospective cohort study that included all patients (<18 years of age) with suspected autoimmune encephalitis recruited at 40 hospitals in Spain whose physicians provided clinical information every 6 months for 2 years or more.

Clinical profile and cardiovascular events in patients with atrial fibrillation and hematologic malignancies with recent initiation of targeted therapy: Real-life data from CANAC-FA registry.

Background: "Real-life" data on cardiovascular management and clinical outcomes in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and hematologic malignancies are limited.

Aim: To describe the clinical profile and incidence of cardiovascular events in this population.

Methods: Data were obtained from the CANAC-FA Registry, an observational, multicenter and retrospective study.

Ultrasonography for the assessment of enthesitis in psoriatic arthritis: systematic review with meta-analysis.

Introduction: The specificity of ultrasonography (US) for enthesitis in psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is unclear. The objective was to analyze the specificity of US enthesitis in Mode B and using Power Doppler (PD), for the diagnosis of PsA through a systematic review with meta-analysis.

Methods: Systematic review in PubMed 2010-June 2023, of studies of adult patients with confirmed PsA with or without a control group of non-PsA patients, reporting information on US enthesitis.

Divergent neurodegenerative patterns: Comparison of [F] fluorodeoxyglucose-PET- and MRI-based Alzheimer's disease subtypes.

[F] fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET and MRI are key imaging markers for neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. It has been well established that parieto-temporal hypometabolism on FDG-PET is closely associated with medial temporal atrophy on MRI in Alzheimer's disease. Substantial biological heterogeneity, expressed as distinct subtypes of hypometabolism or atrophy patterns, has been previously described in Alzheimer's disease using data-driven and hypothesis-driven methods.