Impact of Pseudomonas aeruginosa carriage on intensive care unit-acquired pneumonia: a European multicentre prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is a common causative pathogen of pneumonia acquired in the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of PA ICU pneumonia (PAIP) and to quantify its independent association with PA colonization at different body sites.

Methods: Adult patients on mechanical ventilation at ICU admission were prospectively enrolled across 30 European ICUs.

А case of a mucocele of the appendix - A diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma.

Introduction And Importance: Mucocele of the appendix is a rare pathology with an estimated incidence of less than 1 % of all appendectomies. Here is a report of a 67-year-old Bulgarian female, diagnosed with a low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN) after immunohistochemical analysis, which changed the therapeutic strategy.

Case Presentation: We present a case of a patient, initially admitted to the Gastroenterology Department due to complaints of dyspepsia and intermittent watery diarrhea.

Prognosticators of Visual Acuity After Indirect Traumatic Optic Neuropathy.

Background: The purpose of this study is to determine whether there are radiographic and systemic clinical characteristics that can predict final visual outcomes in patients with indirect traumatic optic neuropathy (iTON).

Methods: This study is a retrospective, multicenter case series of adult patients with iTON treated initially at large, urban, and/or academic trauma centers with follow-up at an affiliated ophthalmology clinic. In addition to detailed cranial computed tomography characteristics, demographics, systemic comorbidities, coinjuries, blood products administered, and intracranial pressure, along with other factors, were gathered.

Common variable immune deficiency, central diabetes insipidus, and anemia.

Common variable immune deficiency (CVID) accounts for approximately 20% of all cases of primary immune deficiencies, and is characterized by low serum levels of IgG, IgA, and/or IgM. The diagnosis is usually made between 20 and 40 years of age, sometimes earlier. CVID patients are divided into two major groups based on complications observed: 1 group consists of patients with predominant infections, and 2 group includes patients with inflammatory and/or hematological complications, such as lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, autoimmune cytopenia, enteropathy, and/or granulomatous conditions.

Size Matters for Interplicata Diameter: A Case-Control Study of Plateau Iris.

Purpose: Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) has been used to characterize anterior segment dimensions in plateau iris configuration (PIC), but transverse measurements between the recesses of the ciliary sulcus (sulcus-to-sulcus diameter [STSD]) and the ciliary body processes (interplicata diameter [IPD]) have not been reported. We measured STSD and IPD and compared these among eyes with PIC, primary angle closure (PAC), and control eyes with open angles.

Design: Retrospective, cross-sectional clinical study.

Global longitudinal strain as a marker for systolic function in patients with pheochromocytomas.

Cardiomyopathy is a frequent complication of pheochromocytoma, and echocardiography is the most accessible method for its evaluation. The objective of this study was to assess the clinical significance of classical and novel echocardiographic parameters of cardiac function in 24 patients with pheochromocytomas (PPGL) compared to 24 subjects with essential hypertension (EH). Fourteen PPGL patients were reassessed after successful surgery.

Ruptured desmoid tumor imitating acute appendicitis - a rare reason for an emergency surgery.

Background: Desmoid tumors, also known as aggressive fibromatosis, are extremely rare, accounting for less than 3% of soft-tissue sarcomas and less than 0,03% of all neoplasms. The diagnosis is usually delayed because of the lack of specific symptoms, and can sometimes lead to serious and, even fatal complications.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 27-year-old male patient presenting with the clinical picture of acute appendicitis.

Involvement of the gallbladder in the course of viral hepatitis A in childhood.

The course of acute hepatitis A (AHA) in childhood is most often benign. There are relatively few reports of gallbladder involvement during such infection and its consequences. We discuss the cases of 75 children (mean age = 4.

Rituximab maintenance overcomes the negative prognostic factor of obesity in CLL: Subgroup analysis of the international randomized AGMT CLL-8a mabtenance trial.

No data are available regarding obesity and outcome in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL). We analyzed 263 patients from the AGMT CLL-8a Mabtenance trial for the impact of obesity. The trial included patients after rituximab-containing induction treatment in first or second line that had achieved at least a PR.

Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus infection disease burden-Volume 4.

The hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic was forecasted through 2030 for 17 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and the Middle East, and interventions for achieving the Global Health Sector Strategy on viral hepatitis targets-"WHO Targets" (65% reduction in HCV-related deaths, 90% reduction in new infections and 90% of infections diagnosed by 2030) were considered. Scaling up treatment and diagnosis rates over time would be required to achieve these targets in all but one country, even with the introduction of high SVR therapies. The scenarios developed to achieve the WHO Targets in all countries studied assumed the implementation of national policies to prevent new infections and to diagnose current infections through screening.

Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in select countries-volume 4.

Due to the introduction of newer, more efficacious treatment options, there is a pressing need for policy makers and public health officials to develop or adapt national hepatitis C virus (HCV) control strategies to the changing epidemiological landscape. To do so, detailed, country-specific data are needed to characterize the burden of chronic HCV infection. In this study of 17 countries, a literature review of published and unpublished data on HCV prevalence, viraemia, genotype, age and gender distribution, liver transplants and diagnosis and treatment rates was conducted, and inputs were validated by expert consensus in each country.

The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus infections with today's treatment paradigm: Volume 4.

Factors influencing the morbidity and mortality associated with viremic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection change over time and place, making it difficult to compare reported estimates. Models were developed for 17 countries (Bahrain, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Colombia, Croatia, Dominican Republic, Ethiopia, Ghana, Hong Kong, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Morocco, Nigeria, Qatar and Taiwan) to quantify and characterize the viremic population as well as forecast the changes in the infected population and the corresponding disease burden from 2015 to 2030. Model inputs were agreed upon through expert consensus, and a standardized methodology was followed to allow for comparison across countries.

Chronic Hepatitis C-Related Cirrhosis Hospitalization Cost Analysis in Bulgaria.

Objective: HCV infection is a leading cause of chronic liver disease with long-term complications-extensive fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. The objective of this study is to perform cost analysis of therapy of patients with chronic HCV-related cirrhosis hospitalized in the University Hospital "Queen Joanna-ISUL" for 3-year period (2012-2014).

Methods: It is a prospective, real life observational study of 297 patients with chronic HCV infection and cirrhosis monitored in the University Hospital "Queen Joanna-ISUL" for 3-year period.

Carfilzomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone vs lenalidomide-dexamethasone in relapsed multiple myeloma by previous treatment.

Carfilzomib, a proteasome inhibitor, is approved as monotherapy and in combination with dexamethasone or lenalidomide-dexamethasone (Rd) for relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. The approval of carfilzomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone (KRd) was based on results from the randomized, phase 3 study ASPIRE (NCT01080391), which showed KRd significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) vs Rd (median 26.3 vs 17.

Carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma categorised by age: secondary analysis from the phase 3 ASPIRE study.

Unlabelled: A primary analysis of the ASPIRE study found that the addition of carfilzomib to lenalidomide and dexamethasone (carfilzomib group) significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) compared with lenalidomide and dexamethasone alone (control group) in patients with relapsed multiple myeloma (RMM). This post hoc analysis examined outcomes from ASPIRE in patients categorised by age. In the carfilzomib group, 103/396 patients were ≥70 years old, and in the control group, 115/396 patients were ≥70 years old.

Carfilzomib significantly improves the progression-free survival of high-risk patients in multiple myeloma.

The presence of certain high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities, such as translocations (4;14) and (14;16) and deletion (17p), are known to have a negative impact on survival in multiple myeloma (MM). The phase 3 study ASPIRE (N = 792) demonstrated that progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly improved with carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (KRd), compared with lenalidomide and dexamethasone (Rd) in relapsed MM. This preplanned subgroup analysis of ASPIRE was conducted to evaluate KRd vs Rd by baseline cytogenetics according to fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Staffing for infectious diseases, clinical microbiology and infection control in hospitals in 2015: results of an ESCMID member survey.

We aimed to assess the current status of infectious diseases (ID), clinical microbiology (CM) and infection control (IC) staffing in hospitals and to analyse modifiers of staffing levels. We conducted an Internet-based survey of European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases members and affiliates, collecting data on hospital characteristics, ID management infrastructure, ID/IC-related activities and the ratio of physicians per 100 hospital beds. Regression analyses were conducted to examine factors associated with the physician-bed ratio.

Combination of Juvenile Papillomatosis, Juvenile Fibroadenoma and Intraductal Carcinoma of the Breast in a 15-Year-old Girl.

Unlabelled: The association of juvenile papillomatosis with carcinoma is proven, but very rare, as there exist several reported cases.

Case Report: A 15-year-old girl with no family history of breast cancer presented with two masses in the left breast. The excisional biopsy on both lumps revealed juvenile fibroadenoma and juvenile papillomatosis epithelial proliferation multiple cystic expanded channels.

Pancreatic mass as an initial presentation of severe Wegener's granulomatosis.

Acute pancreatitis or a pancreatic mass is a very rare initial presentation of Wegener's granu-lomatosis. A 62-year-old woman presented with tumor-like pancreatitis and otitis media Abdominal ultrasound and magnetic resonance suggested the presence of pancreatic tumor. Ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration was negative.

Endosonographic assessment of rectal cancer after neoadjuvant radiotherapy.

Aim: To assess the changes in the angiogenic status of rectal cancer before and after preoperative radiotherapy (RT) using endosonography (ES).

Material And Methods: Fifty-four patients with rectal cancer were examined by ES before and 6-7 weeks after preoperative RT and . The tumour size, stage, echostructure and vascularization before and after RT were compared.