Design of the double-telecentric high-aperture diffractive-refractive objectives.

The possibility for achieving optical performance of objectives, including a minimum amount of diffractive lenses, comparable to optical performance of multiple-lens conventional objectives for nanolithography, is considered. The problem of chromatism connected with using excimer lasers is solved by applying aspheric substrates that help to reduce both axial color and spherochromatic aberration.

Design of achromatic and apochromatic plastic micro-objectives.

The possibility and the efficiency of using a single diffractive lens to achromatize and apochromatize micro-objectives with plastic lenses are shown. In addition, recommendations are given on assembling the starting configurations of the objectives and calculating the design parameters required for subsequent optimization. It is also shown that achievable optical performance of achromatic and apochromatic micro-objectives with plastic lenses satisfy the qualifying standards for cell-phone objectives and closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras.

Experimental investigation of capillary pressure influence on breaking of emulsions stabilized by solid particles.

Experimental investigations of the stability of emulsions stabilized by modified silica particles were carried out under high capillary pressure in the emulsion films. Emulsions were placed on a ceramic porous plate or in a centrifugal field. The capillary pressure was created by decreasing the pressure in the continuous phase of the emulsion.