Prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralization among school children in Rome, Italy.

Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a highly prevalent condition associated with increased caries experience, dental pain and treatment need. Aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of MIH in a group of 7-8 years old primary school children living in Rome, Italy; and to assess the association with caries experience and possible perinatal risk factors. A survey has been conducted in the city of Rome, between April 2019 and March 2020 with a total of 49 primary schools and 176 2nd grade primary school classes and a total of 3611 children being involved.

Advanced technology for assessment of endoscopic and histological activity in ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Advanced endoscopic technologies led to significant progress in the definition of endoscopic remission of ulcerative colitis (UC) and correlate better with histological changes, compared with standard endoscopy. However, while studies have assessed the diagnostic accuracy of endoscope technologies individually, there are currently limited data comparing between technologies. As such, the aim of this systematic review was to pool data from the existing literature and compare the correlations between endoscopy and histologic disease activity scores across endoscope technologies.

Advanced imaging and artificial intelligence for Barrett's esophagus: What we should and soon will do.

Barrett's esophagus (BE) is a well-established risk factor for esophageal adenocarcinoma. It is recommended that patients have regular endoscopic surveillance, with the ultimate goal of detecting early-stage neoplastic lesions before they can progress to invasive carcinoma. Detection of both dysplasia or early adenocarcinoma permits curative endoscopic treatments, and with this aim, thorough endoscopic assessment is crucial and improves outcomes.

Risankizumab for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis: A multicenter, retrospective, 1 year real-life study.

Several new biologic agents targeting IL23/Th17 axis, such as risankizumab, have been developed for the treatment of psoriasis. The aim of the present study was to analyze the efficacy and safety of risankizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis over a 52-week period. A multicentric retrospective study was conducted in patients who initiated risankizumab between July 2019 and December 2020.

Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Miss Rate of Colorectal Neoplasia.

Background & Aims: Artificial intelligence (AI) may detect colorectal polyps that have been missed due to perceptual pitfalls. By reducing such miss rate, AI may increase the detection of colorectal neoplasia leading to a higher degree of colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention.

Methods: Patients undergoing CRC screening or surveillance were enrolled in 8 centers (Italy, UK, US), and randomized (1:1) to undergo 2 same-day, back-to-back colonoscopies with or without AI (deep learning computer aided diagnosis endoscopy) in 2 different arms, namely AI followed by colonoscopy without AI or vice-versa.

The Role of the CDK4/6 Inhibitor Ribociclib in Locally Advanced and Oligometastatic Hormone Receptor Positive, Her2 Negative, Advanced Breast Cancer: Case Series and Review of the Literature.

The recent addition of cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK6 inhibitors to endocrine therapy has remarkably improved the outcome of patients affected with hormone receptor positive (HR+), human epidermal grow factor receptor 2 negative (HER2 -) advanced breast cancer (ABC). Ribociclib showed to be effective across most subgroups, regardless of the number and the site of metastasis. Up to 10% of patients with ABC, reported an oligometastatic condition, recently defined as a slow-volume metastatic disease with limited number and size of metastatic lesions (up to 5 and not necessarily in the same organ), potentially amenable for local treatment, aimed at achieving a complete remission status.

Improved Survival for Patients With Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding While on Antithrombotic Therapy: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study.

Goals: Aim of the study was to determine if patients with acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB) while on antithrombotic agents (ATs) are at higher risk for worse outcomes.

Background: ATs are risk factors of AUGIB, but their impact on clinical outcomes is uncertain.

Study: Patients with AUGIB (nonvariceal, NV-AUGIB or variceal, V-AUGIB) in 50 Italian hospitals were prospectively enrolled from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2015.

Derivation and validation of Re.Co.De death score risk in patients with acute nonvariceal upper GI bleeding.

Background And Aims: Scores in upper GI bleeding (UGIB) are used to stratify death risk and need for hospitalization at admission, but a tool that incorporates dynamic changes during the hospital stay is lacking. We aimed to develop a death risk score that considers changes in clinical status during hospitalization and compare its performance with existing ones.

Methods: A multicenter cohort study enrolling patients with UGIB in 50 Italian hospitals from January 2014 to December 2015 was conducted.

Intradermal therapy (mesotherapy): the lower the better.

Background: Intradermal therapy (mesotherapy) is a technique used to inject drugs into the surface layer of the skin. The intradermal micro deposit allows to modulate the kinetics of drugs, slowing down its absorption and prolonging the local mechanism of action. This technique is applied in the treatment of some forms of localized pain when a systemic drug-saving effect is useful, when it is necessary to synergize with other pharmacological or non-pharmacological thera-pies, when other therapies have failed or cannot be used.

Biclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid syndrome.

The case of a patient suffering from systemic lupus erythematosus with associated antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is described. In this patient, on protein electrophoresis, two monoclonal immunoglobulin G λ and k peaks were seen, defining a condition of biclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (BGUS). This condition is extremely rare, especially in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases.

Systematic review with meta-analysis: artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of oesophageal diseases.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently been applied to endoscopy and questionnaires for the evaluation of oesophageal diseases (ODs).

Aim: We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis to evaluate the performance of AI in the diagnosis of malignant and benign OD.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, EMBASE Classic and the Cochrane Library.

Discovering the first US FDA-approved computer-aided polyp detection system.

Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide. Because of the slow progression of the precancerous precursors, an efficient endoscopic surveillance strategy may be expected. It seems that around one-fourth of colorectal malignancies are still missed during colonoscopy.

Endoscopic submucosal dissection for colorectal neoplasia: outcomes and predictors of recurrence.

The role of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for colorectal lesions in Western communities is unclear and its adoption is still limited. The aim of this study is to assess the long-term outcomes of a large cohort of patients treated with colorectal ESD in a tertiary Western center. A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients treated by ESD for superficial colorectal lesions between February 2011 and November 2019.

Comparison of performances of infliximab biosimilars CT-P13 versus SB2 in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases: a real-life multicenter, observational study in Italy.

Background: To compare the performances of Infliximab (IFX) biosimilar CT-P13 and SB2 in the treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) outpatients in Italy.

Research Design And Methods: Three hundred and eighty IBD outpatients were retrospectively evaluated. The primary endpoint was to compare the two IFX biosimilars in terms of reaching and maintenance of remission at any timepoint.

Is There an Optimal Age Threshold for Searching for Intestinal Metaplasia on Gastric Mucosa in Western Populations?

Introduction: Since screening programs for gastric cancer are not applicable in Western countries, identification and follow-up of gastric precancerous lesions, such as extensive intestinal metaplasia (IM), are worthwhile to increase the diagnosis of cancer at an early stage. We investigated whether an optimal age threshold to detect extensive IM in a European country exists.

Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of prospectively collected data in a nationwide study involving consecutive patients aged between 50 and 65 years who underwent an upper endoscopy with the standard 5 gastric biopsies.

Impact of colonoscopy on working productivity: a prospective multicenter observational study.

Background And Aims: Patients undergoing colonoscopy are often in the workforce. Therefore, colonoscopy may affect patients' work productivity in terms of missed working days and/or reduced working efficiency. We aimed to investigate the impact of colonoscopy on work productivity and factors influencing this impact.

Long-term, Real-life, Observational Study in Treating Outpatient Ulcerative Colitis with Golimumab.

Background And Aims: Several studies have found Golimumab (GOL) effective and safe in the short-term treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC), but few long-term data are currently available from real world. Our aim was to assess the long-term real-life efficacy and safety of GOL in managing UC outpatients in Italy.

Methods: A retrospective multicenter study assessing consecutive UC outpatients treated with GOL for at least 3-month of follow-up was made.

Detection of High-Risk Sessile Serrated Lesions: Multitarget Stool DNA Versus CT Colonography.

The serrated pathway for colorectal cancer (CRC) development is increasingly recognized. Sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) that are large (≥ 10 mm) and/or have dysplasia (i.e.

Prognostic performance of the 'DICA' endoscopic classification and the 'CODA' score in predicting clinical outcomes of diverticular disease: an international, multicentre, prospective cohort study.

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of the Diverticular Inflammation and Complication Assessment (DICA) classification and to develop and validate a combined endoscopic-clinical score predicting clinical outcomes of diverticulosis, named Combined Overview on Diverticular Assessment (CODA).

Design: A multicentre, prospective, international cohort study.

Setting: 43 gastroenterology and endoscopy centres located in Europe and South America.

Stay on Top: COVID-19 As an Opportunity to Improve the GI Scientific Career - The Impact on Papers and Literature.

The main barrier for a young researcher in the field of endoscopy is that too much is known about virtually every aspect not only of the natural history, but also of the efficacy and safety of different Gastrointestinal (GI) techniques. The main fuel for research remains uncertainty, and this has been the primary characteristic of COVID-19. The unprecedented visibility of the main papers on the natural history and medical management of COVID-19 on all the main worldwide medical Journals has had an effect of drainage on the reports of COVID-19 in GI endoscopy, suddenly opening up the interest of main GI journals to this topic.

No evidence of "weekend effect" in upper gastrointestinal bleeding in Italy: data from a nationwide prospective registry.

Objectives: The literature offers conflicting information about 'weekend effect' in acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding (AUGIB). Aim of our study was to compare clinical outcomes of patients admitted for AUGIB during the weekend or on weekdays in Italy.

Methods: We analyzed data from a prospective registry of AUGIB (either nonvariceal, NV-AUGIB or variceal, V-AUGIB) from 50 Italian hospitals from January 2014 to December 2015.

A prospective study on quality in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): trend in Italy from the REQUEST study.

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is a complex procedure with a relatively high rate of adverse events. Data on training of operators and fulfillment of quality indicators in Italy are scarce. The goal of this study was to assess the overall quality of ERCP in Italy compared to international standards.