Lethal and Sublethal Effects of Annona spp. Derivatives on Bemisia tabaci MEAM 1 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) in Tomato.

The whitefly Bemisia tabaci(Gennadius) MEAM 1 is one of the main insect species that colonize tomato plants and cause direct and indirect damage. The use of botanical derivatives may be a valuable method of insect control to reduce the inappropriate use of synthetic insecticides on crops. In this study, we evaluated the bioactivity of ethanolic extracts prepared from Annonaceae species compared to that of the commercial insecticides based on acetogenins (Anosom® 1 EC, anonine 10,000 mg L) and thiamethoxam (Actara® 250 WG) on eggs, nymphs, and adults of the whitefly in tomato.

Bioaccessibility of minerals in combinations of biofortified foods with Fe, Zn and vitamin A.

Initiatives to improve the nutritional quality of staple foods, such as beans and cassava by bio fortification should be encouraged as an alternative to overcome the deficiencies of iron and vitamin A. The evaluation of the bio accessibility of the minerals in these foods is also important, since the composition of nutrients does not necessarily correspond to the amount absorbed and metabolized in the body. Thus, the present work aims to evaluate the bio accessibility of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) in the presence of β-carotene in combinations of bio fortified food sources of Fe and Zn (cowpea cooked with and without maceration: CM/CW, respectively) and β-carotene (cooked cassava and cassava flour: CC/CF, respectively).

Bio-based multilayer films: A review of the principal methods of production and challenges.

The development of biodegradable packaging materials has been drawing attention worldwide to minimize the environmental impact of traditional petroleum-based plastics. Nevertheless, it is challenging to obtain bio-based materials with suitable properties for packaging applications. Films produced from a single biopolymer often lack some important properties.

A Missense Mutation in the Gene Is Associated With Abdominal Fat Traits in Meat-Type Chickens.

Chicken is an important source of protein for human nutrition and a model system for growth and developmental biology. Although the genetic architecture of quantitative traits in meat-type chickens has been the subject of ongoing investigation, the identification of mutations associated with carcass traits of economic interest remains challenging. Therefore, our aim was to identify predicted deleterious mutation, which potentially affects protein function, and test if they were associated with carcass traits in chickens.

Manipulation of the soil microbiome regulates the colonization of plants by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are important symbionts of many plant species, facilitating the acquisition of soil nutrients by roots. We hypothesized that AMF root colonization is strongly influenced by the composition of the soil microbiome. Here, we evaluated mycorrhizal colonization of two plants, the grass Urochloa brizantha (Brachiaria) and the legume Crotalaria juncea (Crotalaria).

Position of the mandibular canal before and after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy: a cone beam computed tomographic study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the position of the mandibular canal (MC) before and after bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) using cone-beam computed tomography (CT), and to compare the position of the MC in Class II and Class III patients in the preoperative period. Patients were divided into two groups: Class II (n = 38) and Class III (n = 41). Measurements of the superior, inferior, buccal, and lingual distances of the MC in relation to the cortical bone were taken at three levels in the proximal segment of the mandible.

Endophytic for Biocontrol and Resistance Induction in Guarana Seedlings.

var. , known in Brazil as guarana plant, is an important plant and a major traditional crop in the State of Amazonas. It is a native Brazilian species of great economic and social importance, particularly in the Amazon region.

Cottonseed (gossypol) intake during gestation and lactation does affect the ovarian population in ewes and lambs?

The aim of this study was to evaluate if the cottonseed intake during gestation and lactation affects the ovarian population in ewes and lambs. Therefore, 39 ewes were evaluated during 10 months under two treatments: Cottonseed and soybeans. The quantification of ovarian follicular dynamics was analyzed by ultrasound and the determination of progesterone and estradiol levels was interpreted by radioimmunoassay.

Resistance Sources and Antixenotic Factors in Brazilian Bean Genotypes Against Bemisia tabaci.

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Middle East Asia Minor 1 is one of the most important pests of the common bean, due to its potential of causing direct and indirect damage. This study aimed to evaluate 78 bean genotypes to verify the occurrence of resistance of antixenosis type against B. tabaci.

Influence of beam homogenization on bond strength of adhesives to dentin.

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of beam homogeneity on the microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of two adhesive resins to dentin.

Methods: One polywave light-emitting-diode (LED) LCU (Bluephase Style, Ivoclar Vivadent AG) was used with two different light guides: a regular tip (RT, 1010 mW/cm emittance) and a homogenizer tip (HT, 946 mW/cm emittance). The emission spectra and beam profiles were measured from both light guides.

Synthesis and characterization of struvite derived from poultry manure as a mineral fertilizer.

Animal manure is an important source of nutrients for crop production, but environmental issues can restrict its direct use. Thermochemical processing these manures may be an alternative to concentrate nutrients and reduce the final volume for agriculture application. We aimed here to evaluate the viability of extracting nutrients from chicken manure using a thermochemical process which reduces the volume of transported nutrients, targeting phosphorus (P) recovery as precipitated struvite, without add external source of P.

Monitoring of soluble pectin content in orange juice by means of MIR and TD-NMR spectroscopy combined with machine learning.

This study represents a rapid and non-destructive approach based on mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy, time domain nuclear magnetic resonance (TD-NMR), and machine learning classification models (ML) for monitoring soluble pectin content (SPC) changes in orange juice. Current reference methods of SPC in orange juice are laborious, requiring several extractions with successive adjustments hindering rapid process intervention. 109 fresh orange juices samples, representing different harvests, were analysed using MIR, TD-NMR and reference method.

Short communication: Heat stress does not affect induced luteolysis in Holstein cows.

Heat stress (HS) has deleterious effects on bovine reproduction, including prolongation of the luteal phase in Holstein cows, perhaps due to compromised luteolysis. The objective was to characterize effects of HS on luteolytic responses of nonlactating Holstein cows given 25 or 12.5 mg of PGF on d 7 of the estrous cycle.

Genome-wide association scan for QTL and their positional candidate genes associated with internal organ traits in chickens.

Background: Poultry breeding programs have been focused on improvement of growth and carcass traits, however, this has resulted in correlated changes in internal organ weights and increased incidence of metabolic disorders. These disorders can affect feed efficiency or even cause death. We used a high density SNP array (600 K, Affymetrix) to estimate genomic heritability, perform genome-wide association analysis, and identify genomic regions and positional candidate genes (PCGs) associated with internal organ traits in an F2 chicken population.

Trans,trans-farnesol, an antimicrobial natural compound, improves glass ionomer cement properties.

A series of experiments were conducted to characterize a novel restorative material. We explored the effect on biological, physical and chemical properties of glass ionomer cement (GIC) adding-the naturally occurring tt-farnesol (900 mM). Two groups were accomplished for all assays: GIC+tt-farnesol and GIC (control).

Human urine metabolomic signature after ingestion of polyphenol-rich juice of purple grumixama (Eugenia brasiliensis Lam.).

Polyphenol intake has been associated with health promotion because of its interaction with several metabolic pathways. This study investigates changes in the urine metabolome following acute intake of polyphenol-rich juice, purple grumixama juice. Grumixama (Eugenia brasiliensis Lam.

Morphological-metric, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical effects of gossypol on cultured granulosa cells and oocytes of ewes using MOEPF.

Manipulation of oocytes enclosed in preantral follicles (MOEPF) allows for analyzing follicular development and use of this biotechnology in the pre-analysis of the beneficial or toxic effects of bio-products on granulosa cells and oocytes at different developmental stages. In this study, there was evaluation of the effects of gossypol by culturing granulosa cells and oocytes in ewe ovarian tissues. Ovarian tissues were cultured with gossypol at 37 °C, in humidified air and 5% CO.

Infrared Nanospectroscopy Reveals the Chemical Nature of Pit Membranes in Water-Conducting Cells of the Plant Xylem.

In the xylem of angiosperm plants, microscopic pits through the secondary cell walls connect the water-conducting vessels. Cellulosic meshes originated from primary walls, and middle lamella between adjacent vessels, called the pit membrane, separates one conduit from another. The intricate structure of the nano-sized pores in pit membranes enables the passage of water under negative pressure without hydraulic failure due to obstruction by gas bubbles (i.

A genome-wide association study reveals novel genomic regions and positional candidate genes for fat deposition in broiler chickens.

Background: Excess fat content in chickens has a negative impact on poultry production. The discovery of QTL associated with fat deposition in the carcass allows the identification of positional candidate genes (PCGs) that might regulate fat deposition and be useful for selection against excess fat content in chicken's carcass. This study aimed to estimate genomic heritability coefficients and to identify QTLs and PCGs for abdominal fat (ABF) and skin (SKIN) traits in a broiler chicken population, originated from the White Plymouth Rock and White Cornish breeds.

Health and Safety at Work: Analysis from the Brazilian Documentary Film .

Background: The objective of this article is to make some analysis on the process of work and accidents occurring in slaughterhouses, evidenced in the Brazilian documentary film called . As such, it was necessary to discuss an alternative theoretical concept in relation to theories about health and safety at work. This alternative discussion focuses on the concepts of biopower and biopolitics.

Soil microbial community dynamics and assembly under long-term land use change.

We evaluated the bacterial and archaeal community dynamics and assembly in soils under forest, grassland and no-till cropping, using a high-throughput shotgun metagenomics approach. No significant alterations in alpha diversity were observed among different land uses, but beta diversity in grassland was lower than that observed in forest and no-till soils. Grassland communities showed assembly that predominantly followed the neutral model, i.

Human behavioral influences and milk quality control programs.

Mastitis is a major disease affecting the herds of dairy farmers worldwide. One of the indicators directly related to the widespread infection of this disease in herds is the bulk tank somatic cell count (BTSCC). Recent studies have shown that one of the risk factors associated with mastitis is the human factor.

Effectiveness in the Removal of Endotoxins and Microbiological Profile in Primary Endodontic Infections Using 3 Different Instrumentation Systems: A Randomized Clinical Study.

Introduction: This clinical study was conducted to correlate the microbiological profile and levels of endotoxins found in primary endodontic infection with the presence of clinical features and to evaluate the removal of microorganisms and endotoxins using rotary, reciprocating, and hybrid systems for biomechanical preparation.

Methods: Thirty single root canals with primary endodontic infection were evaluated with signs and symptoms and were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the instrumentation system used (n = 10) as follows: rotary Mtwo instruments (VDW, Munich, Germany) with 8 files, the reciprocating Reciproc system (VDW) with a single file, and Genius hybrid instruments with 3 files (1 rotary and 2 reciprocating files) with irrigation using 24 mL 2.5% sodium hypochlorite.