50 results match your criteria: ""Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH)[Affiliation]"

This paper reports results obtained using white light diffraction phase microscopy (wDPM) on captured images of breast and colon tissue samples, marking a contribution to the advancement in biomedical imaging. Unlike conventional brightfield microscopy, wDPM offers the capability to capture intricate details of biological specimens with enhanced clarity and precision. It combines high resolution, enhanced contrast, and quantitative capabilities with non-invasive, label-free imaging.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Hyperpolarized nuclear Overhauser enhancement of alanine methyl groups by doubly relayed proton exchange.

J Magn Reson

July 2024

Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria.

Hyperpolarized water in dissolution dynamic nuclear polarization (dDNP) experiments has emerged as a promising method for enhancing nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals, particularly in studies of proteins and peptides. Herein, we focus on the application of "proton exchange-doubly relayed" nuclear Overhauser effects (NOE) from hyperpolarized water to achieve positive signal enhancement of methyl groups in the side chain of an alanine-glycine peptide. In particular, we show a cascade hyperpolarization transfer.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Improved detection of magnetic interactions in proteins based on long-lived coherences.

Commun Chem

May 2024

Biophysics and Biomedical Applications Laboratory and Group, LGED, ELI-NP, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering IFIN-HH, 30 Reactorului Street, 077125, Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania.

Living systems rely on molecular building blocks with low structural symmetry. Therefore, constituent amino acids and nucleotides yield short-lived nuclear magnetic responses to electromagnetic radiation. Magnetic signals are at the basis of molecular imaging, structure determination and interaction studies.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • * The decay of ^{6}He into ^{4}He, a neutron, and a dark matter particle (χ) allows for clear detection when using an efficient neutron detector.
  • * A recent experiment at Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds set an upper limit on the dark decay branching ratio and provided improved constraints on dark neutron decays, making them significantly more precise than previous findings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

On the verge of a theranostic approach to personalised medicine, copper-64 is one of the emerging radioisotopes in nuclear medicine due to its exploitable nuclear and biochemical characteristics. The increased demand for copper-64 for preclinical and clinical studies has prompted the development of production routes. This research aims to compare the (p,n) reaction on nickel-64 solid versus liquid targets and evaluate the effectiveness of [Cu]CuCl solutions prepared by the two routes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Non-linear QED approach for betatron radiation in a laser wakefield accelerator.

Sci Rep

January 2024

Institute of Plasma Physics and Lasers, University Research and Innovation Centre, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 74100, Rethimno, Crete, Greece.

Laser plasma-based accelerators provide an excellent source of collimated, bright, and adequately coherent betatron-type x-ray pulses with potential applications in science and industry. So far the laser plasma-based betatron radiation has been described within the concept of classical Liénard-Wiechert potentials incorporated in particle-in-cell simulations, a computing power-demanding approach, especially for the case of multi-petawatt lasers. In this work, we describe the laser plasma-based generation of betatron radiation at the most fundamental level of quantum mechanics.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Techniques for enhancing the signals arising from low-γ, insensitive (I) nuclei are central to solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. One of the leading and best-established methods to sensitize these unreceptive species is Hartmann-Hahn cross polarization (HH-CP), a polarization transfer mechanism often executed under MAS. Herein, we explore the possibility of utilizing the 1H dipolar order created via adiabatic demagnetization in the rotating frame (ADRF), to enhance the unreceptive spins under MAS.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

In recent years, nanoparticles have gained significant importance due to their unique properties, such as pharmacological, electrical, optical, and magnetic abilities, contributing to the growth of the science and technology sector. Particular naturally derived biomolecules with beneficial effects on menopause disorder have been the subject of studies of pharmaceutical formulation to obtain alternative pharmaceutical forms with increased bioavailability and without side effects, as in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) loaded with such active ingredients. In the present study, one stage of a broader project, we have performed pharmacotoxicology studies for six combinatory innovative nanocapsule pharmaceutical forms containing active natural biomolecules before considering them as oral formulas for (1) in vitro toxicity studies on culture cells and (2) in vivo preclinical studies on a surgically induced menopause model of Wistar female rats, and the influence of the NLCs on key biochemical parameters: lipid profile (TG, Chol, HDL), glycemic markers (Gli), bone markers (Pac, Palc, Ca, phosphorus), renal markers (Crea, urea, URAC), inflammation (TNF), oxidative stress (GSH, MDA), and estrogen-progesterone hormonal profile.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Earth's field NMR relaxation of pre-polarised water protons for real-time detection of free-radical formation.

Chem Commun (Camb)

September 2023

Biophysics and Biomedical Applications Group and Laboratory, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics (ELI-NP), Laser Gamma Experiments Department (LGED), "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering (IFIN-HH), Reactorului Str. 30, Bucharest-Magurele 077125, Romania.

Real-time imaging of free-radical formation is important in physical chemistry, biochemistry, and radiobiology, especially for the study of radiation dose-rate effects. Herein, we show for the first time that the formation of free radicals during the time course of a chemical reaction can be imaged through NMR relaxation measurements of water protons in the Earth's magnetic field, in an open-coil spectrometer. The relaxation rate constants of water magnetisation are enhanced as reactions leading to the formation of hydroxyl radicals and oxygen proceed on the timescale of tens of minutes.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We show that an ultra-high-pressure plasma can be generated when an aligned nanowire is irradiated by a laser with relativistic transparent intensity. Using a particle-in-cell simulation, we demonstrate that the expanded plasma following the z pinch becomes relativistically transparent and compressed longitudinally by the oscillating component of the ponderomotive force. The compressed structure persists throughout the pulse duration with a maximum pressure of 40Tbar when irradiated with a laser at an intensity of 10^{23}Wcm^{-2}, 5× higher than the z-pinch pressure.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Due to combined therapeutical emissions, a high linear energy transfer Auger-electrons with the longer ranged β particles, Cu-based radiopharmaceuticals raise particular theragnostic interest in cancer, by joined therapeutic and real-time PET imaging properties. The study aimed to investigate the biological and molecular background of CuCl therapy by analyzing the damages and stress responses inflicted in various human normal and tumor cell lines. Colon (HT29 and HCT116) and prostate carcinoma (DU145) cell lines, as well as human normal BJ fibroblasts, were treated up to 72 h with 2-40 MBq/mL CuCl.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Antibody and Nanobody Radiolabeling with Copper-64: Solid vs. Liquid Target Approach.

Molecules

June 2023

Institute for Nuclear Sciences Applied to Health (ICNAS Pharma), Polo das Ciências da Saúde, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.

Antibody and nanobody-based copper-64 radiopharmaceuticals are increasingly being proposed as theranostic tools in multiple human diseases. While the production of copper-64 using solid targets has been established for many years, its use is limited due to the complexity of solid target systems, which are available in only a few cyclotrons worldwide. In contrast, liquid targets, available in virtually in all cyclotrons, constitute a practical and reliable alternative.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Multiple Stroboscopic Detection of Long-Lived Nuclear Magnetization for Glutathione Oxidation Kinetics.

J Phys Chem Lett

May 2023

Biophysics and Biomedical Applications Laboratory and Group, LGED, ELI-NP, Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics, "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering IFIN-HH, Reactorului Street, no. 30, 077125 Bucharest-Magurele, Romania.

Imaging the molecular kinetics of antioxidants by magnetic resonance can contribute to the mechanistic understanding of therapeutic approaches. Magnetic resonance detection of the response to flashes of oxidative stress requires sequential spectroscopy on the same time scale on which reactive oxygen species are generated. To this effect, we propose a single-polarization multiple-detection stroboscopic experiment.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The historical artefacts of parchment are prone to degradation if the storage conditions are improper due to the collagen structure having a limited stability under physical, chemical, and biological agent attacks. The parchment structure is difficult to characterize due to the variety of manufacturing traditions (eastern/western), intrinsic variability of skins (i.e.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Effective Hamiltonian and spin dynamics in fast MAS TRAPDOR-HMQC experiments involving spin-3/2 quadrupolar nuclei.

Solid State Nucl Magn Reson

December 2022

Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, Laser Gamma Experiments Department (LGED), "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering IFIN-HH, 30 Reactorului Street, 077125, Bucharest, Măgurele, Romania. Electronic address:

We present a theoretical and numerical description of the spin dynamics associated with TRAPDOR-HMQC (T-HMQC) experiment for a H (I) - Cl (S) spin system under fast magic angle spinning (MAS). Towards this an exact effective Hamiltonian describing the system is numerically evaluated with matrix logarithm approach. The different magnitudes of the heteronuclear and pure S terms in the effective Hamiltonian allow us to suggest a truncation approximation, which is shown to be in excellent agreement with the exact time evolution.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

In this paper, the stability improvement of poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/styrene-isoprene block copolymer (SIS) loaded with silica nanoparticles is characterized. The protection efficiency in the material of thermal stability is mainly studied by means of high accurate isothermal and nonisothermal chemiluminescence procedures. The oxidation induction times obtained in the isothermal CL determinations increase from 45 min to 312 min as the polymer is free of silica or the filler loading is about 10%, respectively.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Selective Excitation of Long-Lived Nuclear Spin States.

J Phys Chem Lett

July 2022

Extreme Light Infrastructure-Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, Laser Gamma Experiments Department (LGED), "Horia Hulubei" National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering IFIN-HH, 30 Reactorului Street, 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania.

Nuclear magnetization storage, once limited by longitudinal and transverse relaxation lifetimes, and , can be prolonged by symmetry-adapted nuclear spin order, i.e. long-lived states (LLS) and long-lived coherences (LLC), which have significantly extended relaxation time constants compared to and , respectively.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The fabrication of complex, reproducible, and accurate micro-and nanostructured interfaces that impede the interaction between material's surface and different cell types represents an important objective in the development of medical devices. This can be achieved by topographical means such as dual-scale structures, mainly represented by microstructures with surface nanopatterning. Fabrication via laser irradiation of materials seems promising.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Hadamard encoded saturation transfer can significantly improve the efficiency of NOE-based NMR correlations from labile protons in proteins, glycans and RNAs, increasing the sensitivity of cross-peaks by an order of magnitude and shortening experimental times by ≥100-fold. These schemes, however, fail when tackling correlations within a pool of labile protons - for instance imino-imino correlations in RNAs or amide-amide correlations in proteins. Here we analyze the origin of the artifacts appearing in these experiments and propose a way to obtain artifact-free correlations both within the labile pool as well as between labile and non-labile Hs, while still enjoying the gains arising from Hadamard encoding and solvent repolarizations.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Design and commissioning of a neutron counter adapted to high-intensity laser matter interactions.

Rev Sci Instrum

November 2021

LULI-CNRS, CEA, UPMC Univ. Paris 06: Sorbonne Université, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, F-91128 Palaiseau Cedex, France.

The advent of multi-PW laser facilities world-wide opens new opportunities for nuclear physics. With this perspective, we developed a neutron counter taking into account the specifics of a high-intensity laser environment. Using GEANT4 simulations and prototype testings, we report on the design of a modular neutron counter based on boron-10 enriched scintillators and a high-density polyethylene moderator.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Mechanisms of coherent re-arrangement for long-lived spin order.

Magn Reson (Gott)

October 2021

Extreme Light Infrastructure Nuclear Physics ELI-NP, Laser Gamma Experiments Department (LGED), Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering IFIN-HH, 30 Reactorului Street, 077125 Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania.

Long-lived spin order-based approaches for magnetic resonance rely on the transition between two magnetic environments of different symmetries, one governed by the magnetic field of the spectrometer and the other where this strong magnetic field is inconsequential. Research on the excitation of magnetic-symmetry transitions in nuclear spins is a scientific field that debuted in Southampton in the year 2000. We advanced in this field carrying the baggage of pre-established directions in NMR spectroscopy.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Bioink-formulations based on gelatin methacrylate combined with oxidized cellulose nanofibrils are employed in the present study. The parallel investigation of the printing performance, morphological, swelling, and biological properties of the newly developed hydrogels was performed, with inks prepared using methacrylamide-modified gelatins of fish or bovine origin. Scaffolds with versatile and well-defined internal structure and high shape fidelity were successfully printed due to the high viscosity and shear-thinning behavior of formulated inks and then photo-crosslinked.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate de influence of protein-sugar complexation on the stability and functionality of C-reactive protein, after exposure to constant high temperatures, in order to develop highly stable positive controls for in-vitro diagnostic tests. C-reactive protein is a plasmatic protein used as a biomarker for the diagnosis of a series of health problems such as ulcerative colitis, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, due to its essential role in the evolution of chronic inflammation. The sugar-protein interaction was investigated using steady state and time resolved fluorescence.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

We report the design and fabrication by laser direct writing via two photons polymerization of innovative hierarchical structures with cell-repellency capability. The structures were designed in the shape of "mushrooms", consisting of an underside (mushroom's leg) acting as a support structure and a top side (mushroom's hat) decorated with micro- and nanostructures. A ripple-like pattern was created on top of the mushrooms, over length scales ranging from several µm (microstructured mushroom-like pillars, MMP) to tens of nm (nanostructured mushroom-like pillars, NMP).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF