Congenital double scoliosis with 2 bilaterally alternant supranumerary hemivertebrae and 2 supranumerary vertebrae treated by growth guiding device.

This paper presented a special case and shortly described the congenital malformations of a child operated at the age of 2 years and 7 months. Medical literature does not mention the cases of double or triple congenital scoliosis. 54 patients were treated, out of whom, 39 were operated during the period of 2000 and 2012.

Nursemaid's Elbow - Supination-flexion Technique Versus Hyperpronation/forced Pronation: Randomized Clinical Study.

Background: Nursemaid's elbow (NE) represents the most common pathology met in the pediatric orthopedics ambulatory. There are two techniques of reducing the NE: the supination-flexion technique and the hyperpronation or forced pronation technique.

Materials And Methods: In this randomized clinical study, we aim to compare the two reduction techniques of the NE, by measuring the effectiveness of each and scaling the pain felt by the child, by using the Faces Pain Scale.

Adequacy of scoring systems in diagnosing paediatric autoimmune hepatitis: retrospective study using a control group children with Hepatitis B infection.

Aim: To evaluate how correct is made the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) in children, comparing the adults scoring systems - the 1999 revised scoring system by International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group and the 2007 Simplified Scoring System. The inaccuracies in diagnosis have been analysed.

Methods: The two scoring systems have been applied for 28 children with AIH pre-treatment and 28 with Hepatitis B infection - matched by sex and age, all diagnosed between 2010 and 2017 in an emergency children's hospital in Bucharest, Romania.

Macular serpiginous choroiditis - case report.

Serpiginous choroiditis represents an inflammation, often asymmetric, situated at the level of the inner choroid, which is related to the retinal pigment epithelium and the choriocapillaris. It is known as a primarily idiopathic, but there are authors who consider it an autoimmune process. Many times, fundus autofluorescence is the investigation which is guiding the diagnosis, the management, also the follow-up together with the determination of the progressive visual prognosis.

Investigation of importance of the structural parameters of the eyeball and of the technical parameters of cataract surgery on corneal endothelial changes.

was to look into the importance of the structural parameters of the eyeball, in relationship with the technical parameters of cataract surgery regarding the corneal endothelial changes made by it. The paper refers at a prospective study in which we included eighty-eight consecutive eyes from eighty-six different patients having age-related cataract and a visual acuity of a values less than 0.8 considering best possible correction with it.

An overview of the influence and design of biomaterial of the intraocular implant of the posterior capsule opacification.

Posterior capsule opacification remains till nowadays one of the most hypothetical problems concerning the cataract surgery. When it comes in preventing PCO, this complication is made in multiple ways that concern, along with the surgery steps, the choice for the biomaterial of the intraocular implant lens. The concern of influence of the type of the used material (hydro-phob/ hydro-philic), of the design of the implant (1-piece IOL = monobloc vs.

Similarities and differences between three different types of white dot syndrome and the therapeutic possibilities.

White dot syndromes consists a group of inflammatory eye diseases with an unknown etiology involving the external retina, retinal pigment epithelium, choroid or combinations of them. They affect one or both eyes, at the same time or not. White dot syndromes are often self-limited, with a variable prognosis, depending on the type of the disease.

Negative pressure wound therapy in reconstructing extensive leg and foot soft tissue loss in a child: a case study.

Open fractures of the leg with large loss of tissue require extensive reconstructive methods that can injure the donor area. The use of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) may minimise the impact of these reconstructive methods because of its capacity to create granulation tissue that will form a wound bed for the skin graft, thus reducing the volume of soft tissue defect and saving the donor region. This case study describes the effectiveness of NPWT in the treatment and reconstruction of an open fracture of the leg, with massive loss of soft tissue, associated with elastic intramedullary nailing in a 10-year-old female patient, who was a victim of a car accident.

Treatment of the aneurysmal bone cyst by percutaneous intracystic sclerotherapy using ethanol ninety five percent in children.

Introduction: Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a benign intraosseous lesion filled with blood that can determine a blowout distension of the bone. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of sclerotherapy by percutaneous intralesional administration of ethanol 96% for the treatment of this pathology in paediatric patients.

Method: The retrospective study includes 17 paediatric patients with ABC who were treated by repeated intracystic injection with ethanol 96%, 1 ml/kg, in our clinic between December 2015 and July 2017.

Genetic disorder in carbohydrates metabolism: hereditary fructose intolerance associated with celiac disease.

Celiac disease (CD) has been associated with several genetic and immune disorders, but association between CD and hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) is extremely rare. HFI is an autosomal recessive disease caused by catalytic deficiency of aldolase B (fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase). We report the case of a 5-year-old boy suffering from CD, admitted with an initial diagnosis of Reye's-like syndrome.

Outcome of pinning in patients with slipped capital femoral epiphysis: risk factors associated with avascular necrosis, chondrolysis, and femoral impingement.

Objective This study aimed to assess the principal risk factors that could lead to the most common long-term complications of slipped capital femoral epiphysis, such as avascular necrosis, chondrolysis, and hip impingement. Methods We conducted a single-centre, retrospective study and evaluated patients (70 patients, 81 hips) who were treated for slipped capital femoral epiphysis from 2010 to 2015 and who underwent pinning. We measured the severity of displacement radiologically using the Southwick angle.

Aggressive development of an aneurysmal bone cyst of the proximal femur in a paediatric patient: a case report.

We report development of an aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) that was located in the proximal region of the femur in an 11-year-old girl. Over a period of 30 weeks, the ABC showed fulminant local progression, with destruction of the bone, which led to an abrupt loss of function of the left hip. The standard tumour treatment protocol was followed.

Tonsillar lymphoma masquerading as obstructive sleep apnea - pediatric case report.

The commonest cause of head and neck malignancy in pediatric patients is lymphoma. A particular case is the tonsillar lymphoma. Even though unilateral tonsillar enlargement represents an ominous sign for neoplasia, clinical manifestations vary and are non-specific.

Unusual finding of a mediastinal T-cell lymphoma in a 13-year-old patient - a case report.

T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma is an aggressive malignancy that represents 85% of all lymphoblastic lymphomas. It usually occurs in late childhood, adolescence and young adulthood with a 2:1 male preponderance and it presents with pleural effusion and respiratory symptoms and in rare cases vena cava syndrome can be encountered. We present the case of a 13-year-old patient who was referred to our clinic from a local hospital where he was diagnosed with a mediastinal tumor.

Optimal timing for burned hands in children.

Hand burns in children are frequent, severe, and require adequate treatment. A fundamental, though problematic aspect of this treatment is the assessment of the burn depth as this determines the surgical strategy. From a retrospective study of 369 hand burns admitted to our clinic, we were able to identify some patterns.

Osteosynthesis in Osteogenesis Imperfecta, telescopic versus non-telescopic nailing.

The paper refers to a pediatric patient suffering from Osteogenesis Imperfecta that was diagnosed soon after birth, after suffering from an intrauterine fracture of the femur in the 7th month of pregnancy. The beginning of the presentation contains some general considerations regarding the illness and the treatment done up to the point when the first telescopic rod was used. Following the evolution of the child from birth to the age of 7 years, we could trace a line of evolution under several methods of treatment, surgical or conservative, and also on different surgical treatment variants and their outcome during growth.

Early telescopic rod osteosynthesis for Osteogenesis Imperfecta patients.

Osteogenesis imperfecta is a genetically determined pathology that implies bone variability and osteoporosis with early onset of fractures after low energy trauma. For a better understanding of the clinical problems, Sillence and Danks created a classification. The study group consisted of 12 patients both males and females, with ages ranging from 2 years and 3 months to 12 years.

Randomized, controlled trial of entecavir versus placebo in children with hepatitis B envelope antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B.

Unlabelled: This ongoing, randomized phase III study assesses the safety and efficacy of entecavir versus placebo in nucleos(t)ide-naïve children (2 to <18 years) with hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Blinded treatment was administered for a minimum of 48 weeks. After week 48, patients with HBeAg seroconversion continued blinded treatment; those without switched to open-label entecavir.

Segmental aganglionosis in Hirschsprung's disease in newborns - a case report.

Segmental aganglionosis Hirschsprung's is an extremely rare condition. Described as a segment of normally ganglionated bowel surrounded proximally and distally by aganglionosis, zonal aganglionosis is of interest because it may cause confusion in interpreting surgical margins. Diagnosis of segmental lesions in Hirschsprung's disease may be missed as it is rarely suspected at initial surgery.

Associated type IIIB and type IV multiple intestinal atresia in a pediatric patient.

Multiple intestinal atresia (MIA) is a complex congenital defect which represents a challenge for the pediatric surgeon,especially in the rare event of encountering type IIIb or apple peel atresia, which has a high mortality rate. The surgeon’s aim is to preserve as much bowel length as possible, to avoid postoperative sepsis and to prevent long-term complications such as short bowel syndrome. Access to a good neonatal intensive care unit and to parenteral nutritional support is crucial in the survival of these children.

Clinical and surgical aspects in necrotizing enterocolitis.

Background: The purpose of the paper is to establish whether clinical and radiological parameters can predict the progression of the pathology, the necessity of performing laparotomy for patients with peritoneal drain and the mortality in surgically treated neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis patients.

Material And Methods: A number of 51 cases with necrotizing enterocolitis from our institution were reviewed (from 2005 to 2011) and information on patient demographics and data about the clinical and radiological parameters was collected.

Results: Of the 51 patients, 29 were (56.

Ileocolic intussusception due to Burkitt lymphoma: a case report.

Burkitt lymphoma has many forms of clinical presentations and, in children, it is usually discovered due to the presence of an abdominal mass. This rapidly growing tumor is highly malignant, aggressive, and may cause either indirect symptoms, due to pressure phenomena or direct involvement of the bowel lumen, leading to either intestinal obstruction or intussusception. We describe the case of a 4-year-old girl who exhibited an unusual presentation of ileocolic intussusception on a Burkitt lymphoma lesion of the ileum.

Acute pancreatitis secondary to hyperlipidemia in an 11-year-old girl: a case report and review of literature.

We report the case of an 11-year-old female with acute pancreatitis, and review the literature highlighting the presenting symptoms and signs, laboratory tests, and investigational tools that helped in the establishment of a correct diagnosis. First, the patient presented to a regional hospital reporting abdominal pain, vomiting and liquid stool. She was admitted with the diagnosis of acute surgical abdomen and underwent surgery.

Histopathologic features of Spitzoid lesions in different age groups.

Spitz nevus is one of the most difficult melanocytic lesions to diagnose in regard of malignancy, even for experienced dermatopathologists. We analyzed 28 tumors with Spitzoid morphology from 15 children (three little children 2-4-year-old, 12 peripubertary children 9-17-year-old) and 13 adults; there were 21 Spitz nevi, five atypical Spitz tumors and two Spitzoid melanomas in order to establish the diagnostic value of several morphologic parameters in different age groups. No significant differences in respect of age and/or tumor type occurred for gender, location, dimension, symmetry, sharp lateral demarcation, junctional nests orientation, adipose tissue extension, side-to-side cytologic symmetry, uniform melanin deposits, nuclear pleomorphism, presence of mitoses, inflammation and epidermal alterations.

A new case of lower extremity glomus tumor up-to date review and case report.

Glomus tumor (glomus cell tumor) is a rare, hamartomatous, usually benign neoplasm, whose cells resemble the modified smooth muscle cells of the normal glomus body. The diagnosis of a lower extremity is often delayed, due to the lack of awareness and low level of suspicion, by the treating physician. The glomus tumor (GT) often involves the nail beds.