Immunoliposome-based targeted delivery of the CRISPR/Cas9gRNA-IL30 complex inhibits prostate cancer and prolongs survival.

The development of selective and nontoxic immunotherapy targeting prostate cancer (PC) is challenging. Interleukin (IL)30 plays immunoinhibitory and oncogenic roles in PC, and its tumor-specific suppression may have significant clinical implications. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated IL30 gene deletion in PC xenografts using anti-PSCA antibody-driven lipid nanocomplexes (Cas9gRNA-hIL30-PSCA NxPs) revealed significant genome editing efficiency and circulation stability without off-target effects or organ toxicity.

Current Antithrombotic Treatments for Cardiovascular Diseases: A Comprehensive Review.

Antithrombotic therapies (ATT) play a pivotal role in the management of cardiovascular diseases, aiming to prevent ischemic events while maintaining a delicate balance with the patient's bleeding risk. Typically, ATT can be classified into antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapies. Their application spans a broad spectrum of cardiovascular conditions, ranging from ischemic heart disease to atrial fibrillation, encompassing venous thromboembolisms and innovative structural interventional cardiology procedures.

Helicobacter pylori CAs inhibition.

Infections from Helicobacter pylori (Hp) are endangering Public Health safety worldwide, due to the associated high risk of developing severe diseases, such as peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Current therapies are becoming less effective due to the rise of (multi)drug-resistant phenotypes and an urgent need for new antibacterial agents with innovative mechanisms of action is pressing. Among the most promising pharmacological targets, Carbonic Anhydrases (EC: 4.

Cyclization of acyl thiosemicarbazides led to new Helicobacter pylori α-carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.

The eradication of Helicobacter pylori, the etiologic agent of gastric ulcer and adenocarcinoma, is a big concern in clinics due to the increasing drug resistance phenomena and the limited number of efficacious treatment options. The exploitation of the H. pylori carbonic anhydrases (HpCAs) as promising pharmacological targets has been validated by the antibacterial activity of previously reported CA inhibitors due to the role of these enzymes in the bacterium survival in the gastric mucosa.

Data-driven analysis of whole-brain intrinsic connectivity in patients with chronic low back pain undergoing osteopathic manipulative treatment.

Background: Chronic Low Back Pain (cLBP) poses a significant health challenge, leading to functional disability and reduced quality of life. Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment (OMT) is emerging as a therapeutic option for cLBP, but the brain mechanisms underlying its analgesic effect remain unclear.

Materials And Methods: Thirty cLBP patients were randomly exposed to either four weekly sessions of OMT (N=16) or Sham treatment (N=14).

The effect of aging on the dual-route model of emotion processing applied to memory recognition.

Objective: Emotional faces are automatically processed in the human brain through a cortical route (conscious processing based on high spatial frequencies, HSF) and a subcortical route (subliminal processing based on low spatial frequencies, LSF). How each route contributes to emotional face recognition is still debated, and little is known about this process in aging.

Method: Here, 147 younger adults (YA) and 137 older adults (OA) were passively presented with neutral, happy, and angry faces, shown as (a) unfiltered, (b) filtered at LSF, and (c) hybrid (emotional LSF superimposed to the neutral HSF of the same face).

COVID-19 Vaccination and Public Health: Addressing Global, Regional, and Within-Country Inequalities.

The COVID-19 pandemic, with over 775 million cases and 7 million deaths by May 2024, has drastically impacted global public health and exacerbated existing healthcare inequalities. The swift development and distribution of COVID-19 vaccines have been critical in combating the virus, yet disparities in access to and administration of the vaccine have highlighted deep-seated inequities at global, regional, and national levels. Wealthier nations have benefited from early access to vaccines, while low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have faced persistent shortages.

Application of Metagenomics Sequencing in a Patient with Dementia: A New Case Report.

(1) Background: The study of the microbiome is crucial for its role in major systemic diseases, in particular the oral and gut microbiota. In recent years, the study of microorganisms correlated, for example, with neurodegenerative disease has increased the prospect of a possible link between gut microbiota and the brain. Here, we report a new case concerning a patient who was initially evaluated genetically for dementia and late-onset dyskinesia, and later tested with 16S metagenomics sequencing.

Hallmarks for Thrombotic and Hemorrhagic Risks in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue causing a significant health burden. CKD patients develop thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications, and cardiovascular diseases are associated with increased hospitalization and mortality in this population. The hemostatic alterations are multifactorial in these patients; therefore, the results of different studies are varying and controversial.

Differential Regulation of Wingless-Wnt/c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Crosstalk via Oxidative Eustress in Primary and Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Cells.

In the tumor microenvironment (TME), ROS production affects survival, progression, and therapy resistance in colorectal cancer (CRC). HO-mediated oxidative stress can modulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling and metabolic reprogramming of the TME. Currently, it is unclear how mild/moderate oxidative stress (eustress) modulates Wnt/β-catenin/APC and JNK signaling relationships in primary and metastatic CRC cells.

A Very Early Diagnosis of Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome Due to a Novel Variant in the AR Gene: A Neonatal Case Study.

Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is one of the most common Disorders of Sexual Differentiation (DSDs). AIS is characterized by an X-linked recessive inheritance pattern associated with variants in the androgen receptor (AR) gene that affects the masculinization process in individuals with XY karyotype. Here, we report a neonatal case of a very early diagnosis of complete AIS due to a novel variant in the AR gene.

Single-Trial Detection and Classification of Event-Related Optical Signals for a Brain-Computer Interface Application.

Event-related optical signals (EROS) measure fast modulations in the brain's optical properties related to neuronal activity. EROS offer a high spatial and temporal resolution and can be used for brain-computer interface (BCI) applications. However, the ability to classify single-trial EROS remains unexplored.

Controlled Cultivation Confers Synergistic Activity on Muscle Cell Homeostasis, Metabolism and Antioxidant Defense in Primary Human Myoblasts.

L. is recognized for its adaptogenic properties and ability to promote muscle health, function and recovery from exercise. The plethora of biological effects of this plant is ascribed to the synergism existing among the molecules composing its phytocomplex.

Predicting Sleep Quality through Biofeedback: A Machine Learning Approach Using Heart Rate Variability and Skin Temperature.

Sleep quality (SQ) is a crucial aspect of overall health. Poor sleep quality may cause cognitive impairment, mood disturbances, and an increased risk of chronic diseases. Therefore, assessing sleep quality helps identify individuals at risk and develop effective interventions.

Subchronic Effects of Tetrachloroethylene on Two Freshwater Copepod Species: Implications for Groundwater Risk Assessment.

Aliphatic chlorinated hydrocarbons, notably tetrachloroethylene (also known as perchloroethylene [PCE]), are persistent, mobile, and toxic (PMT) and/or very persistent, mobile, and toxic (vPMT) groundwater pollutants, often exceeding safe drinking water thresholds. The present study delves into the groundwater risk assessment of PCE with a novel focus on the sensitivity of stygobitic species-organisms uniquely adapted to groundwater environments. Through a comparative analysis of the subchronic effects of PCE on the locomotion behavior of two copepod species, the stygobitic Moraria sp.

Reliability of a generative artificial intelligence tool for pediatric familial Mediterranean fever: insights from a multicentre expert survey.

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a popular tool for clinical and research use in the medical field. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of a generative AI tool on pediatric familial Mediterranean fever (FMF).

Methods: Fifteen questions repeated thrice on pediatric FMF were prompted to the popular generative AI tool Microsoft Copilot with Chat-GPT 4.

Sil1-deficient fibroblasts generate an aberrant extracellular matrix leading to tendon disorganisation in Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome.

Background: Marinesco-Sjögren syndrome (MSS) is an autosomal recessive neuromuscular disorder that arises in early childhood and is characterized by congenital cataracts, myopathy associated with muscle weakness, and degeneration of Purkinje neurons leading to ataxia. About 60% of MSS patients have loss-of-function mutations in the SIL1 gene. Sil1 is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein required for the release of ADP from the master chaperone Bip, which in turn will release the folded proteins.

Climate change versus Mediterranean diet: A hazardous struggle for the women's heart.

Climate change impacts food systems, causing nutritional deficiencies and increasing cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Regulatory frameworks like the European Farm-to-Fork Strategy aim to mitigate these effects, but current EU food safety regulations inadequately address health risks from poor diet quality and contaminants. Climate change adversely affects food quality, such as nutrient depletion in crops due to higher CO levels, leading to diets that promote chronic diseases, including CVD.

Unraveling the impact of different liposomal formulations on the plasma protein corona composition might give hints on the targeting capability of nanoparticles.

Nanoparticles (NPs) interact with biological fluids after being injected into the bloodstream. The interactions between NPs and plasma proteins at the nano-bio interface affect their biopharmaceutical properties and distribution in the organ and tissues due to protein corona (PrC) composition, and in turn, modification of the resulting targeting capability. Moreover, lipid and polymer NPs, at their interface, affect the composition of PrC and the relative adsorption and abundance of specific proteins.

Primary stability evaluation of different morse cone implants in low-density artificial bone blocks: A comparison between high-and low-speed drilling.

This study aimed to evaluate various biomechanical parameters associated with the primary stability of Maestro and Due Cone implants placed in low-density artificial bones, prepared using high-speed drilling with irrigation and low-speed drilling without irrigation. The insertion torque (IT), removal torque (RT), and implant stability quotient (ISQ) values were recorded for Maestro and Due Cone implants placed in low-density polyurethane blocks (10 and 20 pounds per cubic foot (PCF) with and without a cortical layer) prepared using high-speed and low-speed with or without irrigation using a saline solution, respectively. A three-way ANOVA model and Tukey's post-hoc test were conducted, presenting data as means and standard deviations.

Preconception carrier screening and preimplantation genetic testing in the infertility management.

Background: Genetic testing serves as a valuable element of reproductive care, applicable at various stages of the reproductive journey: (i) before pregnancy, when a couple's genetic reproductive risk can be evaluated; (ii) before embryo implantation, as part of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment, to ascertain several inherited or de novo genetic/chromosomal diseases of the embryo before transfer; (iii) during the prenatal period, to assess the genetic costitution of the fetus. Preconception carrier screening (CS) is a genetic test typically performed on couples planning a pregnancy. The primary purpose of CS is to identify couples at-risk of conceiving a child affected by a severe genetic disorder with autosomal recessive or X-linked inheritance.

Rational construction of CQDs-based targeted multifunctional nanoplatform for synergistic chemo-photothermal tumor therapy.

Photothermal therapy combined with chemotherapy has shown great promise in the treatment of cancer. In this synergistic system, a safe, stable, and efficient photothermal agent is desired. Herein, an effective photothermal agent, carbon quantum dots (CQDs), was initially synthesized and then rationally constructed a folic acid (FA)-targeted photothermal multifunctional nanoplatform by encapsulating CQDs and the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) in the liposomes.