178 results match your criteria: ""G.B. Morgagni-L. Pierantoni" Hospital[Affiliation]"

B cells have emerged as central players in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, although there is clear evidence for their involvement in cancer immunity, scanty data exist on the characterization of B cell phenotypes, bioenergetic profiles and possible interactions with T cells in the context of NSCLC. In this study, using polychromatic flow cytometry, mass cytometry, and spatial transcriptomics we explored the intricate landscape of B cell phenotypes, bioenergetics, and their interaction with T cells in NSCLC.

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The treatment landscape for Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) has evolved significantly with the introduction of Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi), such as Tofacitinib (TOFA), which offer a new therapeutic option for patients who have failed or are intolerant to conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs). Safety concerns, particularly related to cardiovascular and cancer risks, prompted a need for additional investigation in real-world clinical settings. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness and predictors of response to TOFA in two subpopulations of RA patients, categorized by differing cardiovascular risk profiles.

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Crural Diaphragm Density in Respiratory Complications after Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Lobectomy.

Thorac Cardiovasc Surg

November 2024

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine-DIMES of the Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, G.B. Morgagni-L. Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy.

Background:  Respiratory muscle strength affects pulmonary function after lung resection; however, the role of diaphragm density, an emerging index of muscle quality, remains unexplored. We investigated the role of crural diaphragm density (CDD) in respiratory complications (RC) after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) lobectomy for lung cancer.

Methods:  A total of 118 patients were retrospectively enrolled between 2015 and 2022.

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The molecular features of lung cancer stem cells in dedifferentiation process-driven epigenetic alterations.

J Biol Chem

December 2024

Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences-DIMEC of the Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, G.B. Morgagni-L. Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy. Electronic address:

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may be dedifferentiated somatic cells following oncogenic processes, representing a subpopulation of cells able to promote tumor growth with their capacities for proliferation and self-renewal, inducing lineage heterogeneity, which may be a main cause of resistance to therapies. It has been shown that the "less differentiated process" may have an impact on tumor plasticity, particularly when non-CSCs may dedifferentiate and become CSC-like. Bidirectional interconversion between CSCs and non-CSCs has been reported in other solid tumors, where the inflammatory stroma promotes cell reprogramming by enhancing Wnt signaling through nuclear factor kappa B activation in association with intracellular signaling, which may induce cells' pluripotency, the oncogenic transformation can be considered another important aspect in the acquisition of "new" development programs with oncogenic features.

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Obesity is a chronic disease associated with increased morbidity and mortality and reduced quality of life. Pharmacotherapy can be associated with life style changes in increasing and maintaining weight loss and ameliorating obesity-related complications and comorbidities. In patients affected by obesity and uncontrolled obesity-associated complications or high degrees of BMI (> 40 Kg/m), metabolic bariatric surgery can be a valid therapeutic option.

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Background: Upadacitinib (UPA) is a selective, reversible Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi) approved for the treatment of RA. However, there is still no solid evidence on the long-term efficacy of UPA in treated patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of UPA to obtain remission or low disease activity (LDA) in a series of UPA patients in patients with RA after 6 and 12 months of treatment in a real-world setting.

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: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a systemic vasculitis of medium arteries, particularly involving coronary arteries. Coronary artery lesions (CALs) is the most serious complication in the acute stage, potentially leading to ischemic cardiomyopathy, myocardial infarction and sudden death. Environmental factors and genetic background contribute to individual susceptibility to develop CALs.

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Article Synopsis
  • The auditory P300 wave (P3b) is linked to how our brain evaluates and categorizes stimuli, often tested using the oddball paradigm of rare target sounds among frequent standard sounds.
  • Its timing (latency) indicates processing speed, while its strength (amplitude) shows how much we are paying attention.
  • Although primarily used in research, it has potential in clinical settings for assessing cognitive function in patients with mental health or neurological issues, especially when traditional tests aren't feasible.
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Background: The use of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic is debated. Understanding the consequences these measures may have on vulnerable populations including children and adolescents is important.

Methods: This is a multicenter, quasi-experimental before-after study involving 12 hospitals of the North Italian Emilia-Romagna Region, with NPI implementation as the intervention event.

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  • The Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi) like tofacitinib, baricitinib, upadacitinib, and filgotinib are effective in treating rheumatoid arthritis but faced safety concerns from the FDA and EMA, particularly about serious adverse events (SAEs) such as thrombosis and cancer.
  • The study aimed to analyze the impact of the EMA's first two safety warnings on how rheumatologists in Italy prescribed JAKi from July 2019 to June 2022, using data from 29 rheumatology centers.
  • Results showed a significant reduction (32%) in JAKi prescriptions after the first warning, with a smaller decrease (16%) observed after the second warning, although there
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Background: The use of Non-Pharmaceutical Interventions (NPIs), such as lockdowns, social distancing and school closures, against the COVID-19 epidemic is debated, particularly for the possible negative effects on vulnerable populations, including children and adolescents. This study therefore aimed to quantify the impact of NPIs on the trend of pediatric hospitalizations during 2 years of pandemic compared to the previous 3 years, also considering two pandemic phases according to the type of adopted NPIs.

Methods: This is a multicenter, quasi-experimental before-after study conducted in 12 hospitals of the Emilia-Romagna Region, Northern Italy, with NPI implementation as the intervention event.

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In the context of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, significant attention was given to pulmonary manifestations. However, cardiac involvement is increasingly recognized as a critical factor influencing the prognosis, leading to myocardial damage, heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, potentially lethal arrhythmic events, and sudden cardiac death. Despite these findings, there is a lack of studies detailing the necroscopic, macroscopic, and microscopic cardiac changes associated with SARS-CoV-2.

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  • Antibiotic prophylaxis (AB) reduces bacteriuria after invasive urodynamics (UDS) but does not significantly lower urinary tract infection (UTI) rates; guidelines for AB use in high-risk patients remain unclear.
  • A systematic review and expert consensus via a modified Delphi method identified key patient categories at risk for UTIs and proposed 16 statements regarding AB use.
  • The panel of 57 experts largely agreed (56.25%) on the necessity of AB for patients with neurogenic bladder and immunosuppression, while advising against AB for several other factors such as menopausal status and diabetes.
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The study of aquaporins (AQPs) in various forensic fields has offered a promising horizon in response to the need to have reliable elements for the identification of the manner of death and for the individuation of forensic markers for the timing of lesions and vitality of injury. In the literature, various tissues have been studied; the most investigated are the lungs, brain, kidneys, skin, and blood vessels. A systematic literature review on PubMed following PRISMA 2020 guidelines enabled the identification of 96 articles.

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Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) severely affects the lung leading to aberrant deposition of extracellular matrix and parenchymal stiffness with progressive functional derangement. The limited availability of fresh tissues represents one of the major limitations to study the molecular profiling of IPF lung tissue. The primary aim of this study was to explore the proteomic profiling yield of archived formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens of IPF lung tissues.

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Nearly one-third of all stroke patients develop depression at any time after a stroke, and its presence is associated with unfavorable outcomes. This narrative review aims to provide a synopsis of possible pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment modalities for post-stroke depression (PSD). Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in treating the symptoms of this clinical condition.

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In treating acute bronchiolitis in infants, the decision to use continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) often involves infant referral from the pediatric ward to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). We present our experience of CPAP use in a general pediatric ward, aiming to reduce the pressure on the PICU in recent outbreaks of bronchiolitis. Clinical data of patients less than 12 months of age and admitted for bronchiolitis from 1 October 2021 to 31 March 2023 were retrospectively collected.

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: Tofacitinib (TOFA) was the first Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi) to be approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, data on the retention rate of TOFA therapy are still far from definitive. : The goal of this study is to add new real-world data on the TOFA retention rate in a cohort of RA patients followed for a long period of time.

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Purpose: We describe the results of an infection control intervention, implemented in 4 tertiary hospitals in Romagna, Italy, aiming at containing the spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE).

Methods: The intervention consisted of rectal screening in patients at risk for CRE; pre-emptive contact precaution waiting for screening results; timely notification of CRE identification and concomitant computerized alert; contact precaution for confirmed CRE-positive patients. We performed an interrupted time series analysis to compare the incidence of CRE bacteraemia, of other CRE infections, and CRE-positive rectal swabs in the pre and postintervention period (January 2015-July 2017 and August 2017-June 2020, respectively).

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Introduction: Large rectal lesions can conceal submucosal invasion and cancer nodules. Despite the increasing diffusion of high-definition endoscopes and the importance of an accurate morphological evaluation, a complete assessment in this setting can be challenging. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) plays an established role in the locoregional staging of rectal cancer, although this technique has a tendency toward the over-estimation of the loco-regional (T) staging.

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Article Synopsis
  • Accidents are the leading cause of injury in children, with over half occurring at home; this study examined the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 lockdown on emergency department visits for domestic accidents in children aged 3-13 in Italy.
  • During the lockdown (March-June 2020), visits for domestic accidents rose sharply, with a mean incidence increasing from 5.6% in 2019 to 17.9% in 2020, leading to a higher risk of hospitalization, particularly for boys and older children.
  • The study's limitations include reliance on retrospective data that may not capture all incidents, but it emphasizes the need for public health campaigns to reduce domestic accident risks as a response to increased incidents during
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For individuals with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the primary treatment is platinum-based doublet chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), primarily PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4, have been found to be effective in patients with NSCLC who have no EGFR/ALK mutations. Furthermore, ICIs are considered a standard therapy.

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Thymoma and thymic carcinoma are the most common tumors of the anterior mediastinum and a relatively rare type of thoracic cancer. The prerequisite for surgery is clinical staging and operative evaluation, both of which are based on medical imaging. The best strategy for treating a thymic epithelial tumor is surgical resection of the organ and surrounding tissue.

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