Oncological cases and complications in Urology.

This collection of cases describes some unusual urological tumors and complications related to urological tumors and their treatment. Case 1: A case of left hydronephrosis referred four years after a right radical mastectomy for lobular breast carcinoma was described. Computed tomography scan revealed a left hydronephrosis with dilated ureter up to the proximal third.

Oncology and complications.

This collection of cases describes some unusual urological tumors and complications related to urological tumors and their treatment. Case 1: A case of uretero-arterial fistula in a patient with long-term ureteral stenting for ureteral oncological stricture and a second case associated to retroperitoneal fibrosis were described. Abdominal CT, pyelography, cystoscopy were useful to show the origin of the bleeding.

Reduction of Foveal Avascular Zone After Vitrectomy Demonstrated by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of pars plana vitrectomy on foveal circulation, and in particular the foveal avascular zone (FAZ), using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).

Methods: This was a prospective, non-randomized, comparative case series of patients that underwent vitrectomy. Twenty-six eyes of 26 patients that underwent vitrectomy were studied postoperatively by OCTA.

Evolution of epidemiological characteristics of infective endocarditis in Greece.

Objective: The clinical profile, management and outcome of infective endocarditis (IE) may be influenced by socioeconomic issues.

Methods: A nationwide prospective study evaluated IE during the era of deep economic crisis in Greece. Epidemiological data and factors associated with 60-day mortality were analyzed through descriptive statistics, logistic and Cox-regression models.

Collision kidney tumor with clear cell renal cell carcinoma and papillary type 1 renal cell carcinoma. A case report and review of the literature.

Introduction: The most common renal neoplasms include clear cell, papillary, and chromophobe renal cell carcinomas. The simultaneous occurrence of different histological types of adjacent neoplasms in the same organ is known as a collision tumor. Collision kidney tumors have already been described but only in rare cases.

Assessment of Anatomical and Functional Macular Changes with Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography After Macula-Off Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Repair.

To evaluate macular capillary plexus changes with OCT-angiography with regard to macular detachment duration in macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).: 23 eyes of 23 patients were included in this retrospective case-control study and were divided into 2 groups. Group-A had a macular detachment duration of 0 to 10 days and group-B of 11 to 30 days.

Atrial fibrillation risk in patients suffering from type I diabetes mellitus. A review of clinical and experimental evidence.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are commonly encountered in clinical practice. Although, the long term macrovascular and microvascular sequela of DM are well validated, the association between the less prevalent type 1 DM (T1DM) and atrial arrhythmogenesis is poorly understood. In the present review we highlight the current experimental and clinical data addressing this complex interaction.

How I do it: Selective dorsal rhizotomy, using interlaminar approaches, for spastic diplegia/quadriplegia in children with cerebral palsy.

Background: Dorsal rhizotomy is considered the gold standard for treating spastic diplegia/quadriplegia in children with cerebral palsy, when rehabilitation programs reveal insufficient to control excess of spasticity.

Method: The Keyhole Interlaminar Dorsal rhizotomy modality has been developed to access-individually-all L2-S2 roots, intradurally at the corresponding dural sheath, and preserve the posterior spine architecture. Intraoperative neuromonitoring consists of stimulating each ventral root, to verify its myotomal innervation, and dorsal roots, to explore their reflexive muscular responses in order to help determination of the proportion of rootlets to be cut.

The Inverted V-Shaped Fasciocutaneous Advancement Flap Effectively Solves the Complication of Tracheostomal Stenosis.

Tracheostomal stenosis after laryngectomy is a distressing complication. We present a retrospective study on sequential 9 patients who underwent stomaplasty with inverted V-shaped fasciocutaneous advancement flap. This procedure effectively solves tracheostomal stenosis, providing large stoma for breathing with no need for further stenting and low revision rates.

Tractional Retinal Detachment in a Patient With Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia.

An 86-year-old man with Waldenström's macroglobulinemia and a history of acute retinal necrosis (four years ago) presented with reduced visual acuity in his right eye of three days' duration. He developed epiretinal membrane and tractional retinal detachment, which were treated successfully. Epiretinal membrane and tractional retinal detachment usually occur one to two months after the onset of retinitis.

A Technical Report on the Performance of Percutaneous Cryoneurolysis of Splanchnic Nerves for the Treatment of Refractory Abdominal Pain in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer: Initial Experience.

Purpose: To report our preliminary results upon feasibility, efficacy and safety of percutaneous splanchnic nerves cryoneurolysis for the treatment of abdominal pain refractory to conservative medication in patients with pancreatic cancer MATERIALS METHODS: Institutional database research (retrospective review of prospectively collected data from April 2019 till August 2020) identified 5 patients with pancreatic cancer and pain refractory to conservative medication who underwent percutaneous cryoneurolysis of splanchnic nerves. In all patients, percutaneous cryoneurolysis was performed with posterolateral paravertebral approach using a 17 Gauge cryoprobe under computed tomography guidance and local anesthesia. Self-reported pain scores were assessed before and at the last follow-up using a pain inventory with visual analog scale (VAS) units.

PCSK9 Antibody-based Treatment Strategies for Patients With Statin Intolerance.

Background: Statin intolerance refers to the inability of a patient to tolerate statin therapy, presenting muscle aches, pains, weakness and muscle inflammation. Thus, numerous patients are not treated with suitable statin-based therapy or take only very low doses. As a result, the desired decrease in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is not achieved, resulting in patients at a high risk for cardiovascular events, requiring an alternative lipid-lowering treatment.

B3 agonists or anticholinergics in the treatment of the lower urinary tract dysfunction in patients with multiple sclerosis?-A randomized study.

Introduction And Objective: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most frequent autoimmune demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. MS patients usually present with lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD). Objective of this study is to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of treating MS patients with LUTD with either a b3 agonist (mirabegron) or anticholinergics.

Giant Cell Tumor of Tendon Sheath Developed over Chimeric-Free Latissimus Dorsi and Serratus Anterior Muscle Flaps.

This article describes a rare case of giant cell tumor of the tendon sheath (GCTTS) that was developed over the substance of chimeric-free latissimus dorsi and -serratus -anterior muscle flaps performed for lower limb reconstruction. To our knowledge, development of GCTTS over a free flap is first described in the literature. A 71-year-old -woman was presented with a large protuberant ulcerated tumor mass that was developed over the substance of chimeric free muscle flaps at the foot and ankle.

A Europe wide acceptable mismatch program will enable transplantation of long waiting highly sensitised patients with a compatible donor.

Immunisation against Human Leucocyte Antigens (HLA) can be caused by pregnancy, blood transfusion, or organ transplants. The HLA antibody status of a given patient significantly influences their access and waiting time to transplant. For some highly sensitised patients (HSP) there is hardly any suitable donor available in the deceased donor pool of their allocation organisation and therefore they wait a very long time before being offered a kidney for transplant.

Mobile phones and applications in the management of patients with arterial hypertension.

The use of mobile health (mHealth) in the field of medicine is constantly evolving and advancing. Arterial hypertension, a major modifiable cardiovascular risk factor with a high prevalence in the general population, frequently remains underdiagnosed and thus untreated. Furthermore, the majority of hypertensive patients fail to achieve blood pressure target levels.

NF-κB2 and RELB offer prognostic information in colorectal cancer and NFKB2 rs7897947 represents a genetic risk factor for disease development.

The Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) family of transcription factors plays an important role in immune responses and cancer development and progression. We have focused on NF-κB2 and RELB of the alternative pathway of NF-κB, which remains largely underexplored in colorectal cancer (CRC). We found that NF-κB2 and RELB protein levels were upregulated in tumour and surrounding stromal tissue compared to distant non-neoplastic tissue (NN) and associated stroma (p<0.

Usefulness of external anal sphincter EMG recording for intraoperative neuromonitoring of the sacral roots-a prospective study in dorsal rhizotomy.

Background: In conus medullaris and cauda equina surgery, identification of the sacral nerve roots may be uncertain in spite of their anatomical/radiological landmarks. Mapping the sacral roots by recording the muscular responses to their stimulation may benefit from EMG recording of the External Anal sphincter (EAS) in addition to the main muscular groups of the lower limbs.

Method: In a consecutive series of 27 lumbosacral dorsal rhizotomy (DRh), authors carried out a prospective study on the reliability of the EMG recording of the EAS for identification of the S1 and S2 sacral roots.

Does radical prostatectomy result in lower urinary tract symptom improvement in high-risk and locally advanced prostate cancer? A Single-center experience.

Purpose: Radical prostatectomy represents the most popular method of prostate cancer treatment, including cases with high-risk and locally advanced cancer. Besides, men with this disease often experience lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and report high International Prostate Symptom Scores (IPSS), pathological post-void residual (PVR) urine volumes and low levels of maximum urinary flow rates (Qmax). In this study we assessed the effect of radical prostatectomy on the above parameters in patients with high-risk and locally advanced disease.