The Impact of General Anesthesia on Redox Stability and Epigenetic Inflammation Pathways: Crosstalk on Perioperative Antioxidant Therapy.

Worldwide, the prevalence of surgery under general anesthesia has significantly increased, both because of modern anesthetic and pain-control techniques and because of better diagnosis and the increased complexity of surgical techniques. Apart from developing new concepts in the surgical field, researchers and clinicians are now working on minimizing the impact of surgical trauma and offering minimal invasive procedures due to the recent discoveries in the field of cellular and molecular mechanisms that have revealed a systemic inflammatory and pro-oxidative impact not only in the perioperative period but also in the long term, contributing to more difficult recovery, increased morbidity and mortality, and a negative financial impact. Detailed molecular and cellular analysis has shown an overproduction of inflammatory and pro-oxidative species, responsible for augmenting the systemic inflammatory status and making postoperative recovery more difficult.

Anatomical Changes in a Case with Asymmetrical Bilateral Maxillary Sinus Hypoplasia.

: The maxillary sinus hypoplasia (MSH) is an occasional variation of the maxilla, occurring either unilaterally or bilaterally. Previous studies dealing with MSH have not detailed the consequent anatomical changes of the maxilla and adjacent fossae. : A 58-year-old female case was scanned in Cone Beam Computed Tomography and found to have asymmetrical bilateral MSH, who was then further evaluated anatomically.

Relationship between allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis (allergic rhinoconjunctivitis) - review.

Allergic rhinitis and allergic conjunctivitis are so frequently associated that the need to coin a new name to describe the simultaneous manifestations generated the term allergic rhinoconjunctivitis. The significant impact of rhinoconjunctivitis on the quality of life and the wellbeing of the patients is the reason why the medical community shows a great interest to this disease. Another aspect is the financial burden that is not negligible.

A combination of two regional flaps for the complex reconstruction after head and neck cancer surgery as an alternative approach during the COVID-19 pandemic: A case report.

Since the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, the medical systems were challenged by continuously increasing numbers of infections and faced critical issues when trying to find solutions for patients suffering from other diseases, including patients with head and neck cancers. Complex surgeries were delayed due to an acute deficit of specialized intensive care medical staff and equipment, which were redirected towards COVID-19 hospitalized cases, with irreversible consequences for the patients. In the present study, the case of locally advanced head and neck cancer was presented, which was treated radically during the heaviest wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania using an alternative approach for immediate defect reconstruction.

Availability, Toxicology and Medical Significance of Antimony.

Antimony has been known and used since ancient times, but its applications have increased significantly during the last two centuries. Aside from its few medical applications, it also has industrial applications, acting as a flame retardant and a catalyst. Geologically, native antimony is rare, and it is mostly found in sulfide ores.

Adherence to Therapy in Glaucoma Treatment-A Review.

Glaucoma is a chronic disease and the second leading cause of irreversible vision loss worldwide, whose initial treatment consists of self-administered topical ocular hypotensive eyedrops. Adherence with glaucoma medications is a fundamental problem in the care of glaucoma patients as up to 50% of patients fail to receive the intended benefits of the treatment. The literature has identified many barriers to patients' compliance, from factors depending on the type of medication administered, communication between physician and patients, to factors dependent on patients' behaviour and lifestyle.

The Interplay Between Gut Microbiota and miRNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases.

The human microbiota contains microorganisms found on the skin, mucosal surfaces and in other tissues. The major component, the gut microbiota, can be influenced by diet, genetics, and environmental factors. Any change in its composition results in pathophysiological changes that can further influence the evolution of different conditions, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs).

Optional Vaccines in Children-Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices in Romanian Parents.

Vaccination is one of the most useful medical interventions for controlling certain infectious diseases. The aim of current research is to identify some of the drivers of vaccine hesitancy or acceptance in a rather skeptical European population by addressing parental perception on optional vaccination (OV) perception. Novel tools, delivered by social media, were used in our research attempt.

Assessment of Sarcopenia Related Quality of Life Using SarQoL® Questionnaire in Patients With Liver Cirrhosis.

Introduction: Sarcopenia, malnutrition, physical deconditioning, and frailty contribute to a significantly altered quality of life (QoL) in patients with cirrhosis and sarcopenia.

Aim: To investigate the sarcopenia-linked alterations of QoL by SarQoL® questionnaire in patients with end-stage liver disease.

Methods: Consecutive patients with liver cirrhosis, admitted to our department between May and August 2021, completed the SarQoL® questionnaire by themselves.

Extruded Nucleoli of Human Dental Pulp Cells.

: The dental pulp stem cells are highly proliferative and can differentiate into various cell types, including endothelial cells. We aimed to evaluate the ultrastructural characteristics of the human dental pulp cells of the permanent frontal teeth. : Human adult bioptic dental pulp was collected from n = 10 healthy frontal teeth of five adult patients, prior to prosthetic treatments for aesthetic purposes.

Persistent Changes of Peripheral Blood Lymphocyte Subsets in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common cancer with high morbidity and mortality. Alterations of antitumor immune responses are involved in the development of this malignancy, and investigation of immune changes in the peripheral blood of OSCC patients has aroused the interest of researchers.

Methods: In our study, we assessed the proportions of CD3+ total T lymphocytes, CD3+CD4+ helper T lymphocytes, CD3+CD8+ suppressor/cytotoxic T lymphocytes, CD3-CD19+ total B lymphocytes, and CD3-CD16+CD56+ NK cells in the peripheral blood of OSCC patients.

Patterns of Pneumatization of the Posterior Nasal Roof.

For good surgical performance, sound knowledge of anatomy is required. Although the ethmoid air cells and sphenoid sinuses are subject to a high degree of variation, their possible extensions above the nasal fossa at the posterior end of the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone (CPEB) were seemingly overlooked. We retrospectively studied 162 case files from 55 male and 107 female cases, with ages varying from 42 to 80, which were scanned using Cone Beam Computed Tomography.

Minimally Invasive Two-Staged Surgery in the Treatment of Large Cystic Lesions of the Jaw.

Background: Cystic lesions of the jaw are commonly found in clinical practice. Large, expansive cysts raise challenges for the clinician from both diagnostic and surgical perspectives. The aim of our work is to present a combined, two-staged surgical approach in histologically confirmed non-aggressive cystic lesions of the jaw.

Assessment of Immune Cell Populations in Tumor Tissue and Peripheral Blood Samples from Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Patients.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common type of cancer worldwide. Strong connections have been revealed between immune cells and the pathogenesis of HNSCC. Important differences regarding the levels of immune cell subpopulations in both peripheral circulation and tumor microenvironment were emphasized, with some of them having prognostic significance.

Gut Microbiome, Functional Food, Atherosclerosis, and Vascular Calcifications-Is There a Missing Link?

The gut microbiome is represented by the genome of all microorganisms (symbiotic, potential pathogens, or pathogens) residing in the intestine. These ecological communities are involved in almost all metabolic diseases and cardiovascular diseases are not excluded. Atherosclerosis, with a continuously increasing incidence in recent years, is the leading cause of coronary heart disease and stroke by plaque rupture and intraplaque hemorrhage.

The Hidden Treasures of Preoperative Blood Assessment in Oral Cancer: A Potential Source of Biomarkers.

(1) Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy, and the impact of immune and inflammatory mechanisms in its development and progression are of major interest. The aim of our study is to assess the prognostic potential of circulating immune and inflammatory elements determined preoperatively in patients with OSCC, as well as the development of a new compound parameter with predictive value. (2) Methods: We assessed preoperative fibrinogen (Fib) and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) in 111 OSCC patients.

True terminal pentafurcation of the external carotid artery and terminal trifurcation of the contralateral one, occipitoauricular trunk, retropharyngeal internal carotid artery.

The external carotid artery (ECA) commonly ascends in the retromandibular fossa and bifurcates posteromedial to the neck of the mandible into the maxillary (MA) and superficial temporal (STA) arteries. In its course in the neck, the ECA gives off the superior thyroid, lingual (LA), facial (FA), ascending pharyngeal (APA), occipital (OA) and posterior auricular (PAA) arteries. When the computed tomography angiograms of a 65-year-old male were evaluated, extremely rare anatomical variations of both ECAs were found.

Comparative effects of capsaicin in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma (Review).

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma are chronic respiratory diseases with high prevalence and mortality that significantly alter the quality of life in affected patients. While the cellular and molecular mechanisms engaged in the development and evolution of these two conditions are different, COPD and asthma share a wide array of symptoms and clinical signs that may impede differential diagnosis. However, the distinct signaling pathways regulating cough and airway hyperresponsiveness employ the interaction of different cells, molecules, and receptors.

Diabetes Mellitus as a Prognostic Factor for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

Background/aim: Currently, the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on rectal cancer patients is complex and just partly elucidated. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of diabetes mellitus on rectal cancer patients focusing on tumor differentiation grade, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) response, disease-free (DFS) and overall (OS) survival.

Patients And Methods: Our study's population consisted of a group of 53 patients diagnosed with locally advanced rectal cancer, who underwent NACRT, followed by radical oncological surgery.

Preoperative antisepsis in ophthalmic surgery (a review).

Endophthalmitis remains a serious complication following intraocular procedures. Preoperative prophylactic measures for endophthalmitis decrease the morbidity associated with this disease and represent a standard of care prior to ophthalmic surgery. The literature supports as measures for ocular antisepsis: povidone-iodine solution for ocular surface preparation, chlorhexidine in patients with iodine allergy and application of topical antibiotics.

Corneal dystrophies: pathophysiological, genetic, clinical, and therapeutic considerations.

Corneal dystrophies represent a group of progressive, genetically transmitted disorders with variable pathological, histological, and clinical manifestations. Recent ophthalmological examination techniques and genetic investigation methods have brought benefits in the deepening of these conditions. However, many aspects remain unknown, so the results of treatments are unsatisfactory.

Cannabinoids and Inflammations of the Gut-Lung-Skin Barrier.

Recent studies have identified great similarities and interferences between the epithelial layers of the digestive tract, the airways and the cutaneous layer. The relationship between these structures seems to implicate signaling pathways, cellular components and metabolic features, and has led to the definition of a gut-lung-skin barrier. Inflammation seems to involve common features in these tissues; therefore, analyzing the similarities and differences in the modulation of its biomarkers can yield significant data promoting a better understanding of the particularities of specific signaling pathways and cellular effects.

Assessment of Histological Features in Squamous Cell Carcinoma Involving Head and Neck Skin and Mucosa.

Background: squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common type of malignancy worldwide. Skin and mucosa of the head and neck areas are the most frequently affected. An aggressive behavior in SCC is not easily detected, and despite all efforts, mortality in these types of cancer did not show major improvements during recent decades.