Copeptin as biomarker for acute ischemic stroke prognosis and revascularization treatment efficacy.

Introduction: Pro-arginine vasopressin consists of three peptides: . AVP is released by the neurohypophysis in response to increased plasma osmolality, decreased blood volume and stress. Copeptin has the advantage of being stable ex vivo and easy to measure.

Pathogenesis and Management Strategies in Radioiodine-Refractory Differentiated Thyroid Cancer: From Molecular Mechanisms Toward Therapeutic Approaches: A Comprehensive Review.

Thyroid cancer (TC) remains the most common cancer in endocrinology. Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), the most common type of TC, generally has a favorable outlook with conventional treatment, which typically includes surgery along with radioiodine (RAI) therapy and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) suppression through thyroid hormone therapy. However, a small subset of patients (less than 5%) develop resistance to RAI.

Ectopic Mediastinal Thyroid: A Crossroad Between a Multi-Layered Endocrine Perspective and a Contemporary Approach in Thoracic Surgery.

An ectopic thyroid (ET) involves numerous scenarios of detection and outcomes, while its current management is not standardised. A mediastinal ET (MET) represents a low index of suspicion. In this paper, we introduce a 47-year-old female who was accidentally identified with an MET, and a modern surgical approach was provided.

Endocrine Perspective of Cutaneous Lichen Amyloidosis: -C634 Pathogenic Variant in Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2.

Background: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), the third most frequent histological type of thyroid malignancy, may be found isolated or as part of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2). One particular subtype of this autosomal dominant-transmitted syndrome includes an association with cutaneous lichen amyloidosis, although, generally, a tide genotype-phenotype correlation is described in patients who carry proto-oncogene pathogenic variants.

Methods: Our objective was to provide an endocrine perspective of a case series diagnosed with -positive familial MTC associated with cutaneous primary lichen amyloidosis amid the confirmation of MEN2.

Osteoporosis and Normocalcemic Primary Hyperparathyroidism (Conservatively or Surgically Managed).

Asymptomatic primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) involves 80-90% of the parathyroid tumor-associated cases of PHPT in the modern medical era, while normocalcemic PHPT (NPHPT) has a prevalence of 0.1-11%. We aimed to analyze the bone status and mineral metabolism in NPHPT amid conservative or surgical management.

A Study in Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors (PitNETs): Real-Life Data Amid Baseline and Serial CT Scans.

Unlabelled: Non-functioning (NF) accidentally detected PitNETs (PIs) are common findings of CT/MRI scans currently. Data concerning their behavior vary, and some PIs will potentially experience a size change over time that might become clinically relevant.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate CT-related PIs diameters following 3 aspects: a cross-sectional analysis based on the age' groups at first PI diagnosis and on the gender distribution and a longitudinal analysis in PIs with <0.

A Real-World Longitudinal Study in Non-Functioning Pituitary Incidentalomas: A PRECES Micro-Adenomas Sub-Analysis.

Incidentalomas have an increasing incidence all over the world due to a larger access to imaging assessments, and endocrine incidentalomas make no exception in this matter, including pituitary incidentalomas (PIs). Our objective was to analyse the dynamic changes amid a second computed tomography (CT) scan after adult patients were initially confirmed with a PI (non-functioning micro-adenoma). This was a multi-centric, longitudinal, retrospective study in adults (aged between 20 and 70 y) amid real-world data collection.

Three-Leaf-Clover Thyroid and Minimally Invasive Trans-Cervical Synchronous Thyroidectomy and Ectopic Mediastinal Thyroid Tissue Removal: Does the Age of the Patient Count amid a Multifaceted Strategy?

Ectopic organ-associated conditions belong to the larger panel of developmental ailments, and among this challenging medical and surgical chapter, ectopic endocrine glands-related picture is mostly focused on the presence of the ectopic parathyroid and thyroid. Ectopic thyroid tissue within mediastinum (ETTM) stands for a less common ETT site; while, globally, less than 1% of the mediastinum masses are ETTM. We aim to introduce a rare case of ETTM in a senior lady to whom one-time synchronous thyroidectomy with ETT removal was successfully performed via a minimally invasive modern procedure upon cervicotomy and intra-operatory use of the Cooper thymectomy retractor.

Comparative mortality in pituitary adenomas subtypes: a tertiary referral center study.

Purpose: Mortality in pituitary adenomas (PAs) has been extensively compared to general population. However, direct comparisons between PA subtypes are scarce. We aimed to compare mortality in various subtypes of PA (acromegaly, Cushing's disease (CD), macroprolactinomas and non-functioning pituitary macroadenomas (MacroNFPA)), within a single referral center.

THE INDEPENDENT EFFECTS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE ON BONE TURNOVER MARKERS.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are associated with disturbed mineral homeostasis and serum bone biomarkers. The interplay between T2DM and CKD on serum bone turnover markers (BTM) is unclear. Our aim was to describe the BTM in patients with T2DM, CKD or both.

Superficial Vein Thrombosis in an Asymptomatic Case of Cholangiocarcinoma with Recent History of COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic brought into prominence several emergent medical and surgical entities, but, also, it served as trigger and contributor for numerous apparently unrelated ailments such as arterial and venous thromboembolic complications. Additional risk factors for these thrombotic traits may be concurrent (known or unknown) malignancies, including at hepatic level. Among these, cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a rare cancer of intra- and extra-hepatic biliary ducts, represents a very aggressive condition that typically associates local and distant advanced stages on first presentation requiring a prompt diagnosis and a stratified management.

Fine-Scale Haplotype Mapping Reveals an Association of the Gene with Osteoporosis and Fracture Risk in Postmenopausal Women.

Introduction: The Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated () gene encodes a demethylase, which modulates RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) and plays a regulatory role in adipocyte differentiation and the pathogenesis of human obesity.

Methods: To understand the potential role of in osteoporosis (OP), we investigated five single nucleotide variations (SNVs) in intron 1 (rs8057044, rs8050136, rs9939609, rs62033406, and rs9930506) of the gene, and a missense SNV i.e.

Novel Immunohistochemical and Morphological Approaches in a Retrospective Study of Post-Mortem Myocarditis.

This study presents a retrospective analysis of 26 autopsy cases from a single centre, primarily focusing on forensic cases, with a majority of male individuals. We systematically analysed autopsy reports and cardiac tissue slides using haematoxylin-eosin stain and immunohistochemistry for CD3, CD163, and IL-6. The histological assessment evaluated key variables such as inflammation severity, necrosis, and background changes using a standardised grading system.

The Utility of Radiomorphometric Mandibular Indices on Cone Beam Computer Tomography in the Assessment of Bone Mass in Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: The present study examined the potential use of computed tomography radiomorphometric mandibular indices on cone beam CT (CBCT) for the assessment of bone density in postmenopausal women with low bone mass.

Methods: We included 104 postmenopausal women who received dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) using a DXA scanner and mental foramen (MF) region CBCT using a NewTom VGi EVO Cone Beam 3D system. We assessed the relationships between the following DXA parameters: lumbar, femoral neck, and total hip T-scores, bone mineral density (BMD), lumbar trabecular bone score (TBS), and mandibular inferior cortical bone thickness at 4 sites.

The Value of Mandibular Indices on Cone Beam Computed Tomography in Secondary Causes of Low Bone Mass.

As implant treatment cases increase, many cases of failure/side effects also occur. Generally, dental clinics determine the density of the jawbone using cone beam CT (CBCT). Considering the known potential role of this tool for bone assessment in primary osteoporosis, this study evaluated patients with secondary endocrine causes of low bone mass.

Cone Beam Computed Tomography Panoramic Mandibular Indices in the Screening of Postmenopausal Women with Low Bone Mass: Correlations with Bone Quantity and Quality.

Objective: This study examined the potential use of computed tomography panoramic mandibular indices on cone beam CT (CBCT) for assessing bone density in postmenopausal women with low bone mass.

Study Design: The study enrolled 104 postmenopausal women who underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) using a DXA scanner and mental foramen region CBCT alongside the NewTom VGi EVO Cone Beam 3D system. We assessed the relationship between the following DXA parameters: lumbar, femoral neck, and total hip T score, bone mineral density (BMD), and lumbar trabecular bone score (TBS).

Leptin Is Associated with Testosterone, Nutritional Markers, and Vascular Muscular Dysfunction in Chronic Kidney Disease.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) causes specific hormonal disturbances, such as variations in leptin and testosterone levels and function. These disturbances can promote errors in signaling interaction and cellular information processing and can be implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. This study investigates the factors that affect leptin in CKD patients and examines how leptin is related to markers of vascular disease.